Cov txheej txheem:
- Ib tug zoo
- History of Creation
- Third Cathedral nyob rau hauv Catherine II
- Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral niaj hnub
- Saib deck ntawm Cathedral
- Los ntawm Petersburg mus rau Moscow
- History of Ivan the Great Tswb Tower
- Lub Tswb ntawm Modernity
2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14
Lub tsev kev cai dab qhuas yeej ib txwm zoo siab rau qhov loj. Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tswb pej thuam tsis muaj qhov zam. Qee tus ntawm lawv nce mus txog 100 meters lossis ntau dua. Qhov siab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral thiab lub tswb pej thuam ntawm Ivan lub Great tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov pawg ntseeg Orthodox siab tshaj plaws.
Ib tug zoo
Yog li koj tuaj yeem hu ncaj qha rau St. Isaac's Cathedral hauv St. Petersburg. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab zoo nkauj domed qauv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Lub tuam tsev no tshaj qhov loj xwb los ntawm cov cathedrals ntawm St. Peter (Rome), St. Paul (London) thiab St. Mary (Florence). Nyob rau hauv Russia, tsuas yog lub tshiab rebuilt Cathedral ntawm Tswv Yexus tus Cawm Seej nyob rau hauv Moscow yog suav hais tias siab tshaj St. Isaac lub Cathedral, nws qhov siab, ua ke nrog tus ntoo khaub lig, yog 103 meters.
Qhov siab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral hauv St. Petersburg ncav cuag 101.5 meters. Nws npog thaj tsam ntawm 4000 sq. m. Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm lub tuam tsev kuj suav nrog - txog 300,000 tons. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem haum txog 12,000tib neeg. Lub tsev teev ntuj yog surrounded los ntawm 112 monolithic kab. Qhov siab ntawm txhua kab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral, los yog, qee qhov ntawm lawv, ncav cuag 17 meters.
Nov yog lub tuam tsev tsib dome, txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub ntsiab dome uas yog hais txog 25 meters. Plaub lub domes me me tau teeb tsa tshaj plaub lub belfries nyob rau ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub ntsiab ntim ntawm lub tsev.
History of Creation
Tam sim no St. Isaac's Cathedral yog qhov thib plaub ua rau ntawm qhov chaw no.
St. Isaac lub tsev teev ntuj yog thawj zaug tsim nyob rau hauv 1707, yooj yim, ntoo, tab sis nrog lub siab. Lub tsev teev ntuj tau txhim tsa los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Peter the Great, thiab nyob rau hnub nws yug los, kev tso lub tuam tsev tau tshwm sim. Thiab txij li lub Tsib Hlis 30 kuj yog hnub veneration ntawm St. Isaac ntawm Dolmatsky, lub tsev teev ntuj tau txais nws lub npe. Los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm Petus, ob xyoos tom qab ntawd, kev kho dua tshiab tau ua rau lub tuam tsev. Nyob rau hauv tib lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv 1712, tsar tau sib yuav Catherine.
Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1717, kev tsim lub pob zeb St. Isaac lub Koom Txoos pib. Ntoo los ntawm lub sij hawm no dilapidated. Lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab pob zeb tsis zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb. Nws zoo ib yam li Peter thiab Paul Cathedral. Nws txoj kev tsim kho tau ua tiav hauv 1727. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ze ze rau Neva (kev puas tsuaj) thiab hluav taws tshwm sim los ntawm xob laim tawm tsam xyoo 1735 nws thiaj li ua rau lub tsev tsis zoo. Thiab txawm hais tias lawv tau sim kho nws, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tsis tau tiav. Nws tau txiav txim siab rhuav tshem lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tsim ib qho tshiab, tseem ceeb dua, uas yog, tsis yog lub tsev teev ntuj, tab sis yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj. Tab sis lub sijhawm ntawd nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem twv dab tsiqhov siab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral yuav kawg.
Third Cathedral nyob rau hauv Catherine II
Kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab pib los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Catherine II hauv xyoo 1768. A. Rinaldi tau los ua tus kws kes duab vajtse ntawm qhov project. Raws li tus kws kes duab vajtse txoj kev npaj, lub tsev teev ntuj yuav tsum muaj tsib lub domes thiab lub tswb nrov. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis ua tiav hauv kev ua tiav nws cov phiaj xwm mus txog thaum kawg. Thaum Catherine II tuag, kev tsim kho tsuas yog ua tiav rau lub eaves ntawm lub tsev. Kev ua haujlwm raug ncua thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, A. Rinaldi tau tawm mus rau nws lub tebchaws.
Tus tshiab Tsar Pavel sai sai tau hais kom tsim kho lub tsev teev ntuj txuas ntxiv thiab txib tus kws kes duab vajtse V. Brenna ua nws, uas cuam tshuam qhov project qub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog lub domes thiab spire. Lub dome tau nyob ib leeg, thiab txawm tias qhov loj me me. Yog li ntawd, qhov siab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, uas tau fij rau xyoo 1802, tau qis dua qhov tsim los ntawm A. Rinaldi. Lub tuam tsev ua tau zoo heev.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral niaj hnub
Lub tsev teev ntuj tsis sib haum rau cov xwm txheej ntawm lub peev txhua. Yog li ntawd, tsawg dua xya xyoo tau dhau mus txij li kev sib tw rau kev tsim kho tshiab tau tshaj tawm. Alexander Thawj tau teeb tsa cov xwm txheej rau kev khaws cia ntawm peb lub thaj uas muaj nyob ua ntej. Ib tug los ntawm ib tug, huab tais tsis lees paub tej yaam num. Thaum kawg, tus kws kos duab hluas Montferrand, ib tug neeg Fab Kis, raug txib los tsim qhov project. Thaum pib xyoo 1818, txoj haujlwm tau pom zoo los ntawm vaj ntxwv.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb tau tsim los tswj kev tsim kho, thiab hauv 1819 thawj pob zeb tau tso.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev, tus kws kos duab paub zoo A. Maudui thuam qhov project. Nws cov lus tseem ceeb tau npau taws mus rau qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm lub hauv paus thiab qhov tsim tsis raug ntawm lub ntsiab dome. Kuv yuav tsum rov ua qhov project thiab kho nws, tab sis tag nrho cov lus tau raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1825 qhov project tau pom zoo thaum kawg, thiab kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj txuas ntxiv mus. Nws xaus tom qab 40 xyoo.
Tsib Hlis 30, 1858, kev fij rau lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tsev neeg huab tais.
Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov siab ntawm St. Isaac lub Cathedral thiab lub tswb pej thuam ntawm Ivan lub Great nyob rau hauv Moscow thaum lub sij hawm yog suav hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Saib deck ntawm Cathedral
Yog tias txog 1917 St. Isaac's Cathedral tau suav tias yog lub tsev teev ntuj loj ntawm St. Petersburg, ces tom qab nws hloov mus ua ib lub tsev cia puav pheej. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub tuam tsev ntawm lub tuam tsev tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tshwj xeeb, txawm hais tias nws raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov khoom tawg.
Tam sim no, lub tsev teev ntuj tseem yog tsev cia puav pheej, tab sis hnub so, nrog kev tso cai los ntawm tus thawj coj, cov kev pabcuam tau tuav nyob rau ntawd. Thawj zaug tshwm sim xyoo 1990.
Ib qho kev soj ntsuam tau ua rau ntawm lub colonnade ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, uas muaj kev pom zoo nkauj ntawm lub nroog. Koj tuaj yeem pom yuav luag txhua qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm St. Petersburg: lub caij ntuj no Palace, Admir alty, Vasilyevsky Island nrog Academy of Arts, lub tsev ntawm Senate thiab Synod thiab lwm yam.
Qhov siab ntawm kev soj ntsuam lawj ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral yog 43 meters. Saum toj no tsuas yog lub tswb pej thuam ntawm Smolny Cathedral, saib lub lawj uas tau tsim ntawm qhov siab ntawm 50 meters.
Nws yog noteworthy uas nyob rau hauvSt. Petersburg hmo dawb Isaac chaw ua si yog qhib ib ncig ntawm lub moos.
Los ntawm Petersburg mus rau Moscow
Qhov siab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral thiab lub tswb pej thuam ntawm Ivan lub Great yog qhov txaus siab rau ntau tus neeg nyiam keeb kwm thiab architectural monuments ntawm Russia. Txog tam sim no, txhua yam tau hais txog St. Petersburg Cathedral. Nws yog lub sij hawm mus rau Moscow, mus rau nws qhov chaw heev.
Lub Ivan lub Tuam Tsev Teev Ntuj Zoo nyob ntawm Cathedral Square hauv Kremlin. Nws lub npe tag nrho yog lub tsev teev ntuj tswb pej thuam ntawm John of the Ladder. Nws tig 500 xyoo 2008.
Qhov siab ntawm Ivan the Great Tswb Ntauwd nce mus txog 81 meters (tsis muaj tus ntoo khaub lig).
Nyob rau hauv lub tswb pej thuam muaj cov tsev cia puav pheej, piv txwv li, keeb kwm ntawm Moscow Kremlin. Tseem muaj lub lawj saib ntawm no.
History of Ivan the Great Tswb Tower
Qee qhov chaw ua tim khawv tias ntawm qhov chaw no hauv 1329 lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Christian theologian John of the Ladder tau tsim tsa, tshwj xeeb tsim "hauv qab tswb". Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd nws raug rhuav tshem.
Nyob rau hauv 1505-1508, tus kws kes duab vajtse Bon Fryazin ua rau ntawm no ib tug peb-tiered ncej ntawm dawb pob zeb thiab cib, qhov siab ntawm uas yog hais txog 60 meters. Nyob rau hauv lub qis theem yog lub tsev teev ntuj nws tus kheej, nyob rau hauv lub Upper - lub tswb. Lub tsev tau txhim tsa hauv nco txog Ivan thib peb.
Tom qab ntawd lub tsev teev ntuj tau rov tsim dua ob peb zaug. Yog li, nyob rau hauv Borisov Godunov, qhov siab ntawm lub ntsiab ncej tau nce. Yog li ntawd, qhov siab ntawm Ivan lub Great Tswb Ntauwd yog 81 meters. Thiab me ntsis ua ntej nws tau txuas rau nwsbelfry tsim rau lub tswb loj, nrog rau lwm lub tuam tsev.
Lub sijhawm xyoo ntawm Napoleon kev ntxeem tau, lub tswb pej thuam tau raug puas tsuaj thiab qee qhov puas. Hauv xyoo tom ntej, kev kho dua tshiab tau ua tiav.
Lub Tswb ntawm Modernity
Tam sim no, 21 lub tswb tau khaws cia ntawm lub tswb pej thuam ntawm Ivan the Great. Peb ntawm lawv, qhov loj tshaj plaws, tau nruab rau ntawm Filaret Annex thiab belfry - Uspensky (ntau tshaj 65 tons), Reut (Revun, yuav luag 33 tons) thiab Xya Pua (13 tons).
Ncaj nraim ntawm lub tswb nrov muaj 18 lub tswb, tau kawg, me me. Rau ntawm lawv yog ntsia rau ntawm theem qis. Los ntawm txoj kev, lawv cov npe yog heev peculiar: "Yuav", "Swan", "Wide", "Novgorodsky", "Slobodsky" thiab "Rostovsky". Lawv qhov hnyav kuj tseem ceeb - los ntawm 3 txog 7 tons.
Nyob rau qib thib ob muaj 9 lub tswb, qhov loj me dua. Thaum kawg, ntawm qhov kawg, qib thib peb, peb lub tswb ntxiv tau teeb tsa.
Thaum pib, txhua lub tswb dai rau ntawm cov kab ntoo, ntau tom qab lawv tau tsiv mus rau cov hlau.
Tag nrho cov tswb ntawm Ivan lub Great Tswb Ntauwd tau ua haujlwm. Lawv hu rau hnub so.
Hauv kev xaus, peb tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov ntawd, tau kawg, qhov siab ntawm St. Isaac's Cathedral thiab lub tswb pej thuam ntawm Ivan lub Great yog qhov zoo siab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov tsos mob tag nrho ua rau muaj kev qhuas ntau dua, vim tias lawv yog cov masterpieces ntawm lub ntiaj teb architecture.
Pom zoo:
Antigua thiab Barbuda ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntiaj teb: peev, chij, npib, pej xeem thiab thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev cov kob. Lub xeev ntawm Antigua thiab Barbuda nyob qhov twg thiab qhov kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas txog nws yog dab tsi?
Antigua thiab Barbuda yog lub xeev ntawm peb lub tebchaws nyob hauv Hiav Txwv Caribbean. Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws no tab tom tos rau cov ntug hiav txwv tshwj xeeb, lub hnub maj mam, cov dej ntshiab ntawm Atlantic thiab kev tos txais zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg hauv zos. Ob tus neeg uas ntshaw kev lom zem thiab cov uas nrhiav kev thaj yeeb thiab kev nyob ib leeg tuaj yeem muaj lub sijhawm zoo ntawm no. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog thaj av tej yam yees siv no, nyeem tsab xov xwm no
Xya Lub Ntiaj Teb: Pyramid ntawm Cheops, Hanging Gardens ntawm Babylon, Pej thuam Zeus ntawm Olympia, Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis, Mausoleum ntawm Halicarnassus, Colossus ntawm Rhodes, Lighthouse ntawm Alexandria
Lub Xya Hli Ntuj ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kos duab qub thiab architecture. Cov no tsis yog tsuas yog qhov chaw zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev tsim kho thiab kev daws teeb meem. Txhua qhov kev tsim tau tshwj xeeb, zoo heev rau nws lub sijhawm. Ancient vaj tse thiab monuments tau nce mus rau qeb ntawm txuj ci tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov neeg tsim khoom, cov thawj coj ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub
Pom dab tsi hauv Prague? Dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum pom hauv Prague? Prague - dab tsi pom hauv ib lub lim tiam?
Peb txhua tus nyiam mus ncig, tab sis nws nyuaj heev rau xaiv qhov chaw mus so … Teb chaws Europe nrog nws cov keeb kwm monuments thiab zoo nkauj architecture, uas tsim nyog tsuas yog Prague, lub peev ntawm Czech koom pheej, yuav yog ib qho chaw zoo nkauj. kev xaiv zoo heev. Nws tseem tsuas yog txiav txim siab seb yuav pom dab tsi nyob ntawd
Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm thaj chaw turbulence? Ib cheeb tsam me me ntawm turbulence yog dab tsi?
Turbulence zones tau ntsib ntawm txoj kev ntawm yuav luag txhua lub dav hlau. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus tsav yog kom zam lawv ntawm nws txoj kev thiab cawm lub tsheb thiab cov neeg caij tsheb lub neej
Qhov siab ntawm tus Pej thuam ntawm Kev ywj pheej - nws yog dab tsi tiag?
Lub ntiaj teb-chav monument uas cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws nyiam thiab mus tas li yog Tus Cwj Pwm ntawm Liberty. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 28, 1986, lub monument no tau dhau los ua ib puas xyoo, tab sis nws tsis tau poob nws txoj kev zoo nkauj txawm tias tom qab ntau xyoo