State Dzherginsky Reserve: keeb kwm, qhov chaw zoo nkauj, duab

Cov txheej txheem:

State Dzherginsky Reserve: keeb kwm, qhov chaw zoo nkauj, duab
State Dzherginsky Reserve: keeb kwm, qhov chaw zoo nkauj, duab
Anonim

Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws loj heev muaj ntau yam reserves thiab tiv thaiv. Hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham txog ib qho ntawm cov chaw no. Dzherginsky cia yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw tiv thaiv ntuj ntawm Buryatia. Nws nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Kurumkansky koog tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm thaj av Baikal.

Qhov chaw

Lub Dzherginsky State Reserve nyob rau sab saud ntawm tus dej Barguzin, ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm South Murai, Ikat thiab Barguzinsky roob ntau yam. Nws thaj chaw yog suav tias yog tus qauv ntawm thaj av qaum teb sab hnub tuaj Baikal. Qhov xav tau khaws cia tau dhau los ua qhov laj thawj rau kev tsim cov khoom khaws cia.

History of Creation

Los ntawm cuaj caum ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, qhov xwm txheej kev puas tsuaj loj tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub phiab ntawm sab saud ntawm tus dej Barguzin, raws li cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm Lub Xeev Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Xwm Txheej ntawm Buryat ASSR.

Dej urchins Dzherginsky Reserve
Dej urchins Dzherginsky Reserve

Kev tswj tsis tau siv hav zoov, rov ua dua, plowing ntawm cov av nkauj xwb coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim loj, uas tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej hauv daim ntawvlong-term droughts thiab sandstorms. Yog li ntawd, tus dej Barguzin, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tributary ntawm Baikal, tau dhau los ua ntiav thiab muaj kuab paug. Nws cov pa phem tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm ecological xeev ntawm sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub pas dej.

Lub Xeev Reserve "Dzherginsky"
Lub Xeev Reserve "Dzherginsky"

Dzherginsky xwm cia tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1992 raws li qhov twb muaj lawm Dzherginsky xwm cia. Kev tsim ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej tam sim no. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov ciam teb yog kawm thiab khaws cia lub ntuj complex ntawm Ikat Range thiab cov peev txheej ntawm tus dej Barguzin. Txij li thaum nws pib, Dorzhiev Tsyrenzhal Zayatuevich, Honored Ecologist ntawm Buryatia thiab tus neeg sib tw ntawm Geographical Sciences, tau ua tus thawj coj.

Lub cev thiab thaj chaw nuances

thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev cia "Dzherginsky" yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyem thiab nce siab saum hiav txwv. Cov av tiv thaiv nyob ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm peb lub roob loj tshaj plaws - South Muysky, Ikatsky thiab Barguzinsky.

Thaj chaw tiv thaiv yog npog nrog cov dej ntws sib txuas. Tus dej loj yog Burguzin, uas yog dej khov khi rau ib nrab xyoo. Nws qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov zoo heev, vim nws yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws ntawm Baikal. Nyob rau hauv nws sab sauv muaj ib tug loj alpine reservoir - Malan-Zurkhen, Amut, Balan-Tamur, Yakondykon, Churikto. Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve muaj cov pob zeb hauv av, cov dej uas muaj kev kho mob zoo.

Kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj av tuaj yeem piav qhia tias hnyav, nrog rau sab av loj thiab aridity. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov kev sib cais ntawm Barguzin phiab, uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov roob siab. Huab cua huab cua nkag mus rau thaj tsam ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob. Lub hli txias tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo yog Lub Ib Hlis. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj no, kub yuav poob mus rau -51 degrees. Lub hli sov tshaj plaws yog Lub Xya Hli (+35 degrees).

fauna

Ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve muaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tsiaj. Moose, qus boars, liab mos lwj, Siberian roe mos lwj, musk mos lwj nyob ntawm no. Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem pom reindeer. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub reserves muaj bears, lynxes, hma, hma liab, wolverines.

Muaj cov neeg coob ntawm sab qaum teb pikas, squirrels, chipmunks thiab sables hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv.

Dzherginsky xwm reserves
Dzherginsky xwm reserves

Ntawm cov vertebrates ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve, noog yog cov sawv cev tshaj plaws. Grouse, dub grouse, capercaillie, sparrowhawks, pintails, mallards, goldeneyes, shorebirds thiab grey herons muaj ntau heev.

Nyob rau hauv cia muaj ib tug zoo tib yam muzzle thiab ib tug viviparous lizard. Amphibians kuj nyob ntawm no. Ntawm cov ntses hauv cov dej ntws muaj lenok, greyling, burbot, Amur spiked thiab lwm yam.

Megdelgun source

Muaj ntau qhov chaw zoo nkauj thiab nthuav dav hauv thaj chaw ntawm Dzherginsky State Natural Reserve. Ntawm lawv, nws tsim nyog hais txog Megdelgun caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Nws nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv, ntawm sab laug ntug dej ntawm Barguzin River. Ntau qhov kev tawm mus yog tsom rau hauv thaj chaw me me.thermal dej, uas tsim ib tug me me reservoir uas ntws mus rau hauv lub Barguzin. Cov dej ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhia muaj hydrogen sulfide tsw. Qhov chaw amazing no yog kev txaus siab rau kev tshawb fawb. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm av nkos thiab dej, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov springs, tseem tsis tau paub. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias nyob rau lub caij txias lub reservoir tsis khov. Ntsev licks ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog nyob ze ntawm cov springs.

Lake Amut

Nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve, nruab nrab ntawm moraine ridge thiab sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj txoj kab nqes ntawm lub phiab, muaj Lake Amut. Lub reservoir muaj T-puab. Lub pas dej yog 8 km ntev thiab 4 km dav. Sab hnub poob ntawm lub reservoir muaj zog indented los ntawm cov kab ntawm ramparts, tab sis sab hnub tuaj yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus tiaj tiaj platform yam tsis pom kev hloov nyob rau hauv qhov tob.

Tsuas yog, lub pas dej muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los, raws li pov thawj los ntawm cov sedimentary deposits ntawm lub platform. Thaj chaw ntawm lub reservoir yog 995 hectares. Cov dej hauv lub pas dej muaj qhov siab ntawm pob tshab (ntau tshaj tsib meters). Lub reservoir yog inhabited los ntawm lenok, greyling thiab burbot. Lub zos Tungus xav txog lub pas dej ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve dawb huv, thiab yog li ntawd muab khoom plig rau nws.

Barguzin River

Lub ntsiab khoom ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve yog Barguzin River. Nws qhov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb tawm hauv qab pob zeb nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm cheeb tsam.

Lake Aquarium Dzherginsky Reserve
Lake Aquarium Dzherginsky Reserve

Tus dej yog qhov txaus siab vim nws muaj ntau qhov chaw hauv qab dej thiab ntau qhov nrawm, ua tsaug uas nws tsis khov rau ntau qhov chaw txawm tias muaj huab cua hnyav tshaj plaws. Taimen, lenok nyob hauv lub reservoir,greyling, burbot, char thiab minnow.

Yurgon Dej tsaws tsag

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve (duab yog muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm), nyob rau hauv ib lub hav zoov zoo nkauj ntawm tus dej Yurgon, muaj dej tsaws tsag zoo nkauj. Nws ncav cuag plaub meters hauv qhov siab thiab nws qhov dav yog peb meters. Cov kwj dej poob los ntawm qhov nqaim pob zeb mus rau hauv lub pas dej, shrouded nyob rau hauv ib tug pos huab ntawm me me tee dej. Hauv qab lub pas dej muaj ib lub kob pebble me me. Qhov chaw zoo nkauj thiab muaj kev txaus siab rau kev tshawb fawb.

Kovyli River

Tus Dej Kovyli yog qhov chaw loj tshaj plaws ntawm Barguzin River nyob rau hauv cia. Nws lub npe txhais ua "winding". Tus dej tiag tiag muaj ntau yam lem, qee qhov nqaim heev uas lawv tau thaiv los ntawm cov cav coj los ntawm cov dej ntws thaum dej nyab. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ncav cuag tus dej, loj icings yog tsim, uas ncav cuag 3.5 meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Lawv nyob hauv feem ntau ntawm cov dej nyab thiab tsim cov dej khov loj loj nrog cov hav zoov siv lead ua, uas tshwm sim los ntawm evaporation thiab condensation ntawm vapor nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua txawv txawv ntawm cov ntoo.

Dzherginsky Nature Reserve duab
Dzherginsky Nature Reserve duab

Tab sis nyob rau sab saud ntawm cov dej, cov dej ntws yeej tsis khov vim tso cov dej sov rau saum npoo.

Kovylin Gates

Nyob rau hauv Dzherginsky xwm cia nyob rau hauv lub Upper nce mus txog ntawm tus dej Kovyl, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm nws bifurcation, muaj cov Kovylin rooj vag. Ib tug amazing qauv nce nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hav. Nws muaj ob lub pob zeb colossi tsim los ntawm cov slabs loj, uas ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 20 meters thiab dav ntawm 50 meters. Nruab nrab ntawm lub rooj vagdej ntws nrawm nroos hla.

Lake Aquarium

Lake Aquarium hauv Dzherginsky Reserve yog ib qho chaw zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Lub reservoir yog ib tug pre-estuary extension ntawm tus dej Shergikan. Qhov dav ntawm lub pas dej nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw yog los ntawm peb mus rau tsib meters, thiab qhov ntev mus txog 50 meters. Ib tug yuam sij tawm hauv qab lub pob zeb mus rau hauv nws. Cov dej hauv nws yog txias heev, tab sis yeej tsis khov. Ib feem ntawm lub reservoir uas tus yuam sij ntws kuj tsis khov. Lub pas dej yog qhov txawv ntawm nws cov purity thiab pob tshab, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li hu ua lub thoob dej yug ntses ntuj. Muaj ntau qhov chaw nthuav dav hauv Dzherginsky Reserve, tab sis lub chaw cia khoom txawv txawv tuaj yeem raug hu ua ib qho zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv nws cov dej ntshiab, los ntawm qhov ze ze, koj tuaj yeem qhuas cov greylings, nws lub cev thiab cov fins shimmer nrog niam-ntawm-pearl, uas yog feem ntau yog vim muaj cov ntxhia hauv lub pas dej thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tshav ntuj.

Lake Malan-Zurhen

Lake Malan-Zurkhen nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Amut. Lub reservoir muaj ib tug elongated duab thiab ncav cuag ib tug ntev ntawm peb kilometers. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nws nto yog npog nrog dej khov, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov cov dej kub nyob rau hauv nws mus txog 15-18 degrees. Qhov peculiarity ntawm lub pas dej yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov dej theem, dhau los ntawm peb caug xyoo, muaj kev hloov pauv hauv qib, nce mus txog plaub meters.

Lake Balan-Tamur

Lwm lub cev dej hauv qhov chaw cia yog Lake Balan-Tamur. Tus dej Barguzin ntws mus rau hauv nws thiab ntws tawm. Hauv qab ntawm lub reservoir yog dotted nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm granite loj blocks, ncav cuag ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm tsib meters. Qhov siab tshaj ntawm pas dejyog 15 meters, tab sis qhov nruab nrab qhov tob tsis tshaj ob meters. Thaj chaw ntawm lub reservoir ncav cuag 95 hectares. Qib dej hauv nws tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Tsuas yog ob peb teev, cov dej tuaj yeem nce mus txog ob meters. Qhov poob hauv qib tuaj yeem ua nrawm nrawm. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub reservoir muaj ib tug high dej turnover. Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, lub pas dej tau revered heev los ntawm cov Tungus, uas xav tias nws dawb huv. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov txwj laus ntawm tsev neeg tuaj rau ntawm lub pas dej thiab thov Vajtswv hauv kev cia siab tias muaj qoob loo nplua nuj nyob hauv hav zoov, los nag ntau, kev yos hav zoov nplua nuj.

Nyob zoo

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia koj tuaj yeem pom qhov xav tsis thoob tiag tiag. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog dej khov. Ntawm cov reservoir ntawm cheeb tsam muaj Lake Churikto. Nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, nws tsis sawv nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev; rau tib neeg, ib tug me me duct uas ntws mus rau hauv nws yog txaus siab. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov dej khov ua rau nws, uas ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm tsib meters. Tej yam khoom txawv txawv no ua rau xav tsis thoob. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias cov dej khov yaj hauv lub hnub tsuas yog thaum Lub Yim Hli.

Pob zeb pob zeb khob thiab Goose

Nyob rau sab laug ntawm tus dej Barguzin ntawm toj roob hauv pes ntawm Ikat Range muaj cov pob zeb uas txawv txav. Lub ridge nws tus kheej yog qhov qub heev thiab muaj cov pob zeb, uas cov dej thiab cua tau muab cov duab txawv txawv. Pob Zeb Goose yog ib qho zoo heev reminiscent ntawm ib tug os los yog ib tug goose. Nws yog 15 meters siab thiab 25 meters dav. Pob zeb khob nyob rau hauv tib cheeb tsam. Nws yog ib lub tais tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub pob zeb. Nws peculiarity nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lub thiaj li hu ua lub nkoj, pib los ntawm lub hauv qab, expands, thiab ces nqaim dua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub tais muaj cov duab ellipsoidal. Lub thawv loj txaus kom haum rau ib tus neeg. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj txawm xav txog yuav ua li cas ib qho khoom ntawm ib qho txawv txawv tuaj yeem tsim tau.

Caves

Nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia, hauv lub hav ntawm tus Dej Jirga, muaj ntau lub qhov tsua. Ob leeg raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Thawj qhov siab yog 3.5 meters. Nws yog qhov me me thiab muaj cov duab elliptical. Lub qhov tsua thib ob yog nyob ze ntawm thawj. Tam sim ntawd tom qab nkag mus yog ib qho chaw dav nrog thaj tsam ntawm 20 sq. m. Lub qhov tsua muaj ib lub tiaj tiaj npog nrog nplooj thiab moss. Hauv nws lub teeb heev vim muaj lub qhov nyob hauv lub vault.

Nyob hauv lub hav ntawm tus Dej Jirga, cov kws tshaj lij tau pom lwm lub qhov tsua uas tseem tsis tau tshawb pom.

graphite

Ushkaki caij nplooj ntoos hlav hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv muaj graphite outcrops. Shards ntawm pob zeb tuaj yeem pom hauv tus yuam sij.

Phantom Island

Phantom Island tuaj yeem raug hu ua qhov tshwm sim zoo nkauj ntawm lub pas dej Malan-Zurhen. Nws mam li tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1974, thiab ces nyob rau hauv 1982 ib yam nkaus li dheev ploj. Tam sim no cov kob yog dej nyab. Cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias qhov no yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov qib dej. Tej zaum cov kob yuav rov tshwm sim sai sai no.

Ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Dzherginsky xwm cia yog dej "urchins". Lub ntuj tshwm sim tuaj yeem pom tsuas yog ntawm Lake Balan-Tamur. Ntawm tag nrho cov ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub poob ntawm lub reservoir, muaj cov pob nyob hauv qab thiab hauv dej, txoj kab uas hla ntawm 5-30 centimeters. Lawv cov xim txawv ntawm dub mus rau ntsuab tsaus. Qhov tshwm sim txawv txawv no tau piav qhia yooj yim heev. Tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis poobmus rau hauv cov dej larch koob, uas yog dov mus rau hauv nruj pob los ntawm nthwv dej.

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Dzherginsky Reserve, cov nroj tsuag tau sawv cev los ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm roob siab, roob-taiga thiab roob-forest-steppe txoj siv. Nyob rau ntawm tej toj roob hauv pes muaj tej tsob ntoo, thiab tej hav dej thiab tej pas dej muaj meadows ua ke nrog willows thiab sedge bogs.

Hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv, kaum yim hom tsiaj uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv thiab tsis tshua muaj kab lis kev cai tau pom. Ntawm lawv - maned caragana, alpine arctous, me me-serrated mertensia, Redovsky's rhododendron.

Thaj chaw tiv thaiv raug kaw rau cov neeg sab nraud, tab sis koj tuaj yeem mus saib tau yog tias koj xav tau. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau muab daim pib rau cov qhua thiab lub tsheb. Tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshwm sim ntawm tus kheej thov ntawm pej xeem. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov ciam teb tau tsim ntau txoj kev rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, uas txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov neeg taug kev hla thiab lub sijhawm ncig xyuas. Nov yog qee qhov ntawm lawv:

Kovylinskiye Gates Dzherginsky Nature Reserve
Kovylinskiye Gates Dzherginsky Nature Reserve
  1. Txoj kev taug txoj kev taug kev nrog kev mus xyuas Dzherga cordon thiab lub pas dej, nrog rau lub zos Maisk. Qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev hla yog 70 km rau kev taug kev. Lub sij hawm ncig saib yog 4 hnub.
  2. Txoj kev "Trail of the Old Evenk" yog tsim los rau 7 hnub. Thaum lub sijhawm mus ncig, cov neeg ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem pom lub zos Maysk, Kovyli cordon, Balan thiab Amut pas dej.
  3. Tsheb ncig xyuas hu ua "Txoj Kev mus rau Northern Baikal".

Kev xaivtxoj kev nyob rau hauv lub reserve yog zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kawm tshiab kev mus ncig ua si tsis tu ncua tshwm sim, txhua tus ntawm lawv tau sawv cev los ntawm ob txoj kev xaiv - neeg taug kev thiab tsheb. Raws li, ncig saib txawv qhov ntev thiab ntev.

Dzherginsky State Nature Reserve
Dzherginsky State Nature Reserve

Thaum npaj mus ntsib lub chaw khaws cia, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias thaj av ntawd nyob rau thaj tsam huab cua hnyav. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, huab cua txias heev teem nyob rau hauv no, tab sis tourists yeej ib txwm txaus siab nrog snowy toj roob hauv pes thiab intricate ice qauv. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, huab cua zoo dua rau kev taug kev, txawm hais tias lub caij sov hauv cheeb tsam yuav kav ntev npaum li cas. Kev mus xyuas thaj chaw tiv thaiv tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev nthuav dav rau cov neeg nyiam tsiaj qus. Ntawm chav kawm, txawv txawv reservoirs, thermal springs thiab lwm yam nthuav tej yam ntuj tso khoom, lub ntsiab feature ntawm uas yog uniqueness, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws txaus siab rau cov qhua. Koj yuav tsis pom dab tsi zoo li nws nyob qhov twg.

Pom zoo: