Bakhchisarai Keeb Kwm thiab Kab lis kev cai Reserve - qhov chaw rau kev kawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm South-Western Crimea

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Bakhchisarai Keeb Kwm, Kab lis kev cai thiab Archaeological Museum-Reserve yog qhov chaw rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tiv thaiv keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm Crimean Tatars thiab lwm haiv neeg yav dhau los nyob hauv South-Western Crimea.

Lub koom haum Republican no tswj hwm peb pawg ntawm monuments: lub nroog qhov tsua thiab monasteries, nrog rau cov chaw qub txeeg qub teg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov qub yog ib pawg tshwj xeeb, uas, sab nraum Bakhchisaray koog tsev kawm ntawv, tsis muaj analogues nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Lub Bakhchisaray Keeb Kwm thiab Kab lis kev cai Reserve yog qhov chaw ncig tebchaws loj tshaj plaws ntawm Crimean Peninsula, txhua xyoo txog 200 txhiab tus neeg tuaj xyuas tuaj ntawm no.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm Crimean Tatars

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub cia. Cov khoom pov thawj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev nthuav tawm hauv Khan lub Palace. Nws tau muab faib ua ob chav haujlwm: ethnography thiab keeb kwm. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej niaj hnub no feem ntau koom nrog kev nthuav tawm hauv Khan's Palace, thiab tseem tseem ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua neej ntawm Crimean Tatars.

Ismail Memorial Tsev khaws puav pheejGasprinsky

Nws yog nplooj siab rau lub npe nrov Crimean Tatar pej xeem daim duab I. Gasprinsky thiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm lub qub tsev luam ntawv. Nws nyob ntawm no tias cov ntawv xov xwm "Tus Txhais Lus-Terdzhiman" tau luam tawm ua lus Turkic, kho los ntawm I. Gasprinsky. Hauv tsev cia puav pheej koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab, cov ntaub ntawv thiab khoom plig ntawm tus neeg nto moo.

Art Museum

Nws tau qhib rau xyoo 1996, ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Khan lub Palace. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom pov thawj yog cov hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws ntawm 18th thiab 19th centuries. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tseem nthuav qhia cov duab sau los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas nws lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm muaj tswv yim cuam tshuam nrog Bakhchisarai.

Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau pub ntau tshaj ob puas ua haujlwm los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam niaj hnub no.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Archaeology thiab Cave Cities

Nov yog ib lub chaw hauv cheeb tsam uas tshawb fawb archaeological tau ua nyob rau hauv cov monuments qub tshaj plaws ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb.

Lub tsev cia puav pheej muaj ob chav haujlwm: archaeological thiab department ntawm lub nroog qhov tsua. Cov dej num ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog tsom rau kev khawb av, tshawb nrhiav cov khoom pov thawj tshiab, thiab tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cheeb tsam.

Khan lub Palace hauv Bakhchisarai

Thaum lub sijhawm kav ntawm Geraev Khans, nws yog Bakhchisarai uas tau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev nom kev tswv ntawm ceg av qab teb. Thaum tsim lub Khan lub Palace, cov architects sim coj mus rau lub neej lub tswv yim ntawm lub vaj Eden: majestic halls, gazebo entwined nrog paj, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nrog dej ntshiab.

Khan lub palace hauv Bakhchisaray tau tsim los ntawm Khan Sahib I Giray. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub palace tau kav los ntawm 1532 txog 1551. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhua lub khan tshiab tau txhim kho lub tsev, rov tsim cov tsev qub thiab ntxiv cov tshiab. Nyob rau hauv 1736, Khan lub Palace raug hlawv tag nrho thaum tsov rog nrog Russia. Khans Selyamet Giray thiab Krym Giray rov qab los rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tom qab lub Crimean Peninsula los ua ib feem ntawm Russia, Ministry of Internal Affairs ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Khan lub Palace.

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau qhib hauv lub tsev no xyoo 1908. Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub palace tseem niaj hnub no.

Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov tsev vaj tsev, lub tsev harem, lub tsev da dej. Ntawm qhov txaus siab yog Falcon Ntauwd thiab Biyuk-Khan-Jami Mosque. Ntawm no yog Geraev tojntxas. Golden Fountain thiab poetic Fountain ntawm Kua muag yog tawm tsam hauv lawv txoj kev zoo nkauj. Qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm lub palace yog Aleviz portal.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws

Chufut-Kale - qhov chaw nyob ntawm Crimean Khans ua ntej kev tsim kho ntawm Khan lub Palace. Lub nroog impregnable tau tsim ntawm no, tiv thaiv los ntawm pob zeb thiab fortifications. Alans nyob ntawm no thaum xyoo pua 13th. Tom qab thaj chaw raug ntes los ntawm Golden Horde, lub Tatar garrison Kyrk-Los yog nyob.

Khan Hadji Giray tau ua nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm no nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, thiab tom qab nws tsiv mus rau Bakhchisaray, lub fortress tau ua ib lub citadel.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 17th, cov Tatars tawm ntawm cov chaw no thiab cov Karaites nyob ntawm no. Lub nroog hu ua Chufut-Kale. Lawv nyob hauv lub nroog qhov tsua tau txog 200 xyoo. Thaum cov Crimea koom nrog Russia, cov Karaites pib tsiv mus rau cov nroog loj. Cov neeg nyob kawgtawm ntawm no thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

Cave towns

Lub Bakhchisarai Keeb Kwm thiab Kab lis kev cai Reserve suav nrog lwm lub nroog qhov tsua loj ntawm thaj tsam Bakhchisarai:

• Mangup-Kale, Bakhchisarai - lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv Crimea. Ua ntej peb lub sijhawm, Taurians nyob hauv thaj chaw no. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, lub nroog ntawm Theodoro, lub peev ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm, nyob ntawm no. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso, yog li tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem ntes nws tau ntev heev. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm thaj chaw tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, yog li cov Tatars tau tswj hwm kom yeej ib feem ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th, Mangup tus thawj tswj hwm, txawm tias tau poob ib feem ntawm nws thaj chaw, tseem ua lub xeev muaj zog. Xyoo 1475, Mangup raug kaw los ntawm Turks rau ib nrab xyoo. Tsuas yog kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab kab mob yuam cov neeg nyob hauv lub siab. Lub nroog raug hlawv, thiab lub fortress twb rebuilt los ntawm cov Turks tsuas yog tom qab ib co sij hawm. Cov neeg nyob zaum kawg tawm ntawm no tom qab Crimea tau los ua ib feem ntawm Russia.
• Eski-Kermen, p. Liab Poppy tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 6th los ntawm Scythian-Sarmatians. Casemate towers tau muab tso rau hauv cov pob zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug siege, ib tug qhov dej ntawm 70 cubic meters raug txiav down. m dej. Qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm lub nroog qhov tsua yog txhais los ntawm qhov tsua. Muaj li ntawm 350 ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lawv tau siv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub 12th-13th centuries. Lawv tau teeb tsa kev cob qhia thiab chaw ua haujlwm, khaws nyuj. Lub nroog muaj nws tus kheej cov kav dej, ua los ntawm cov kav dej lauj kaub tais diav. Xyoo 1299 nws raug hlawv los ntawm Nogai. Lub nroog twb tsis rov qab los lawm.
• Tepe-Kermen, Bakhchisaray -ib lub nroog zoo impregnable los ntawm sab qab teb hnub poob. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub toj siab yog me me, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj 250 lub qhov tsua uas yog tsim. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog monastic complexes. Tepe-Kermen tso tseg nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th, raws li nws tau rhuav tshem los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Tamerlane.
• Kachi-Kalyon, p. Predushchelnoye nyob rau ntawm lub pob zeb loj ntawm ntug dej ntawm Kacha River. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, ib qho chaw nyob deb nroog tau nyob ntawm no. Nws creation tau txais kev pab los ntawm ob yooj yim natural grottoes. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 9th, lub tsev teev ntuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug loj grotto nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, uas tom qab ntawd raug puas los ntawm cov Tatar-Mongols.

Bakhchisarai Keeb Kwm thiab Kab lis kev cai Reserve yog qhov txaus nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm Crimea. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem paub txog keeb kwm ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb, plunge rau hauv huab cua ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, mus saib lub nroog qhov tsua qub.

Los ntawm cov pob zeb saum toj kawg nkaus pom zoo nkauj ntawm Bakhchisarai, pob zeb loj thiab hav zoov qhib. Excursion khoom uas yog ib feem ntawm Bakhchisarai keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai cia invariably txaus siab rau dav dav ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi txhua xyoo.