Nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Kremlin, ntawm cov tuam tsev ntawm Cathedral Square, muaj qhov qub tshaj plaws hauv Moscow (tsis suav lub cellar ntawm Treasury Yard) lub tsev pob zeb ntawm pej xeem lub hom phiaj - Faceted Chamber. Kom txog rau thaum lub xyoo pua 15th, Muscovy tau tsim los ntawm ntoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1462, Grand Duke Ivan III tau tshaj tawm nws tus kheej "tus huab tais ntawm tag nrho cov Russia" thiab pib tsim lub tsev tshiab palace - los ntawm pob zeb. Thawj lub tsev no yog Faceted Chamber hauv Kremlin. Chambers nyob rau hnub ntawd raug hu ua thaj chaw npaj rau kev ua koob tsheej thiab txais tos.
Tub rog kws kes duab vajtse Marco Ruffo raug caw tuaj rau Moscow. Tus kws kes duab vajtse tau koom nrog kev hloov cov vaj tsev ntoo nrog cov pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv Russia, Ruffo tau hu ua Mark Fryazin sai los ntawm cov lus "fryag, fryaz" - "neeg txawv teb chaws". Txoj hmoo muaj tswv yim ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse tau dhau los ua tragic. Feem ntau ntawm cov tuam tsev uas nws tsim tsis tau khaws cia, yuav luag tag nrho cov haujlwm uas pib los ntawm Mark tau tom qab hloov mus rau lwm tus kws tsim vaj tsev. Lub Faceted Chamber tsis muaj qhov zam.
Fryazin pib tsim kho xyoo 1487, xav txog tag nrho qhov chaw thiab kev tsim vaj tsev, ua haujlwm ntawm tus tswv rau peb xyoos, tab sis tsis paub vim li cas raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Nws ua tiav kev tsim kho ntawm lub chamber hauv 1491ib tug Italian yog Pietro Antonio Solari, uas nws lub npe lub Muscovites kuj tsis ntev hloov mus rau Pyotr Fryazin.
Solari tuaj txog hauv Moscow tom qab nws cov neeg nyob sib ze, tab sis nyiam kev hlub ntawm tsar thiab, raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, raug suav hais tias yog tus kws tsim vaj tsev loj ntawm lub nroog. Lub Faceted Chamber tshuav nws lub npe rau Italian. Hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm sab hnub tuaj façade, tus kws tsim vaj tsev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm Italian architecture ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd - "pob zeb diamond xeb". Nyob rau hauv lub masonry, pob zeb loj nrog rau pem hauv ntej hewn nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tetrahedral pyramids tau siv. Cov pob zeb "faceted" yog sib cais los ntawm txoj kev tiaj tus, tsim kom muaj kev ua si tsis meej ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo.
Lub tsev tau tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw uas lub tsev loj ntawm Ivan Kalita thiab lub palace ntawm Dmitry Donskoy ib zaug sawv. Nws muaj ob pem teb, tsis txuas rau ib leeg. Niaj hnub no, chav zwm txwv tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm chav tsev ntawm Grand Kremlin Palace; nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Ivan III, pem hauv ntej ntaiv thiab lub thiaj li hu ua Red Porch coj mus rau lub chambers. Nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, lub qab nthab raug puas lawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, niaj hnub carving pob zeb ua tib zoo kho nws raws li archival ntaub ntawv.
Lub Faceted Chamber hloov nws cov tsos ntau zaus, tab sis nws lub hom phiaj raws li cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev tseem zoo li qub. Lavxias teb sab huab tais tau crowned huab tais ntawm no, diplomats los ntawm Denmark, lub teb chaws Yelemees, Hungary, Persia thiab Qaib Cov Txwv tau txais, txawv generals tau txais nyiaj.
Tag nrho cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub neej: kev ntes Kazan los ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, Poltava yeej ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Peter I, kev koom tes ntawm tus ntxhais ntawm Boris Godunov- tau ua kev zoo siab nrog 5-6 teev noj hmo hauv Faceted Chamber. Boyar Duma thiab Zemsky Sobors kuj tau ntsib ntawm no, txiav txim siab keeb kwm.
Lub zwm txwv chav tau ntev los ua lub tsev loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia thiab ib txwm muaj qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom kim heev. Cov qub frescoes uas ploj lawm tau rov qab los hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, tom qab ntawd ntxuav dawb thiab npog nrog velvet. Niaj hnub no, chav tsev zoo li lub thawv iav ntau xim: cov phab ntsa yog them nrog cov duab kos los ntawm Palekh masters Belousovs (19th caug xyoo), nyob rau hauv pem teb muaj ci iab parquet ua los ntawm 16 hom ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig - qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov loj. -scale restoration project uas xaus rau xyoo 2012.
Lub architectural monument yog ib feem ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nws tsuas yog siv rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb heev rau cov rooj sib tham ua koob tsheej thiab kev txais tos hauv xeev. Xyoo 2012, Kremlin's Faceted Chamber tau qhib nws lub qhov rooj rau cov neeg tuaj ncig ua si thawj zaug hauv nws keeb kwm 500 xyoo.
