Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus
Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus
Anonim

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis hauv Ephesus, daim duab uas niaj hnub no qhia txog ob peb kab, raug suav hais tias yog ib qho kev xav ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub.

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis hauv Ephesus, duab
Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis hauv Ephesus, duab

Raws li cov lus dab neeg, Artemis, tus muam ntxaib ntawm Apollo, tau saib xyuas tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag, saib xyuas tsiaj txhu thiab tsiaj qus, tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm ntoo, paj thiab nroj tsuag. Nws tsis tau deprived neeg ntawm nws mloog, muab lawv kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv tsev neeg thiab foom koob hmoov rau yug me nyuam. Cov poj niam feem ntau ua kev txi rau nws raws li kev txhawb nqa ntawm kev yug menyuam.

thawj lub tuam tsev ntawm Artemis tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua BC hauv Greek lub nroog Ephesus, uas tam sim no yog lub xeev Turkish ntawm Izmir. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua plaub BC. Nws raug hlawv los ntawm Herostratus, tom qab ntawd rov tsim kho thiab rhuav tshem dua los ntawm Gothic barbarians.

Tuam tsev ntawm Artemis
Tuam tsev ntawm Artemis

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis sawv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub chaw dawb huv ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam Carian, lub patroness ntawm fertility, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no. Cov nyiaj rau nws kev tsim kho tau pub dawb los ntawm tus naas ej Lydian nplua nuj huab tais Croesus, uas nws cov ntawv sautseem khaws cia rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm txhua kab, thiab qhov project, raws li Strabo, yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Khersifron los ntawm Knossos. Hauv qab nws, lub colonnade tau teeb tsa thiab cov phab ntsa tau txhim kho, thiab thaum nws tuag, kev tsim kho tau txuas ntxiv los ntawm nws tus tub, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm cov kws kos duab Demetrius thiab Paeonius.

Lub tuam tsev dawb-pob zeb loj ntawm Artemis ua rau muaj kev qhuas thiab xav tsis thoob. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej txog yuav ua li cas nws tau dai kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tsis tau los rau peb. Nws tsuas yog paub tias cov kws ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws tau koom nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj sculptural ntawm ib qho kev xav ntawm Ancient World, thiab tus pej thuam ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam nws tus kheej tau tsim los ntawm cov kaus ntxhw thiab kub.

Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus yees duab
Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus yees duab

Qhov chaw dawb ceev no tsis yog siv rau kev pabcuam kev ntseeg thiab kev ua koob tsheej nkaus xwb, nws yuav luag tam sim ntawd los ua qhov chaw lag luam thiab nyiaj txiag ntawm lub nroog Ephesus. Txij li thaum nws tau txiav txim los ntawm pawg pov thawj nkaus xwb, nws tau xyaum ywj pheej ntawm tsoomfwv hauv nroog.

Nyob rau hauv 356 BC, hmo ntuj thaum Alexander lub Great yug los, tus vain Herostratus, xav ua nto moo, muab hluav taws rau lub tuam tsev zoo kawg li. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua peb BC, lub tuam tsev ntawm Artemis tau rov qab ua tiav thiab tau txais nws qhov qub qub. Cov nyiaj rau kev tsim kho dua tshiab tau faib los ntawm Alexander lub Great, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau ua los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Heinocrates, uas lub sijhawm no tau tsa lub tsev rau lub hauv paus tseem ceeb dua. Qhov ntev ntawm lub tuam tsev tau zoo kawg nkaus: 51 meters dav thiab 105 meters ntev. Lub ru tsev tau txhawb nqa los ntawm 127 kab hauv yim kab.

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus, daim duab uas, hmoov tsis zoo, hnub no qhia txog tsuas yog ib kab rov qab los, tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov mlom thiab nyem sab hauv. Scopas thiab Praxiteles. Efexaus, ua tsaug rau Alexander lub Great, tau tshaj tawm nws cov duab, uas piav txog tus thawj coj zoo li Zeus - nrog xob laim hauv nws txhais tes.

Thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua peb, lub sanctuary ntawm Artemis raug rhuav tshem los ntawm Goths. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub tsev teev ntuj me me tau ua rau hauv nws qhov chaw, uas tseem raug rhuav tshem.

Tag nrho marble slabs raug nyiag, lub ru tsev tau dismantled, tsis ntev cov kab pib poob vim yog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev sib sau ntawm cov qauv. Cov pob zeb poob thaum kawg tau nqus los ntawm qhov dej ntws uas lub tuam tsev ntawm Artemis tau tsim. Thiab ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, qhov chaw uas ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws architectural tej hauj lwm ntawm Ionia sawv twb tsis nco qab lawm.

Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus yees duab
Tuam Tsev ntawm Artemis ntawm Ephesus yees duab

Nws coj tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv Voodoo ntau xyoo los nrhiav tsawg kawg qee qhov ntawm lub tuam tsev, thiab xyoo 1869 nws tau muaj hmoo kawg. Txoj hauj lwm qhib lub hauv paus ntawm lub tuam tsev tsuas yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov kab ntawm cov kab ntawm thawj heev version, hlawv los ntawm Herostratus, twb pom.

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