Medieval castles ntawm Fabkis: duab, dab neeg, dab neeg

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Fab Kis muab faib los ntawm Loire River mus rau sab qab teb thiab sab qaum teb. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej kev nyab xeeb. Qhov chaw zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb no yog nto moo rau nws cov zos ntawm keeb kwm tseem ceeb, thaj chaw ua vaj tse, cov cawv txiv hmab zoo, nto moo monuments thiab castles.

Muaj kwv yees li 300 lub vaj nyob hauv hav. Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau lub tsev fuabtais hauv Fabkis ntawm daim ntawv qhia hauv qab no. Ntawm lawv muaj cov fortresses tiag tiag nrog cov tuam tsev tiv thaiv thiab fortifications. Rau kev tsim kho, cov neeg tsim qauv toj roob hauv pes zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws tsim vaj tsev nyob rau xyoo ntawd tau ntiav ntawm no.

Tam sim no, ntau lub palaces thiab tsev fuabtais hauv Fab Kis tseem yog cov cuab yeej ntiag tug, qee qhov qhib rau pej xeem, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov tsev so tam sim no.

Plessey-Burret Castle

Lub tsev fuabtais zoo nkauj no nyob hauv lub nroog Ecuyers, ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Loire, ze rau Angers. Plessis-Bourre tau khaws cia zoo kawg nkaus, yog li ntau tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem pom nws hauv tib daim ntawv uas nws tau tsim 500 xyoo dhau los. Lub tsev fuabtais yog kev sib xyaw ntawm Renaissance khoom kim heev thiabmedieval trends.

Thaum tsim nws, txoj haujlwm yog tsim kom muaj me me, tab sis lub fortress tiag tiag nrog cov yam ntxwv tsim nyog rau nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, Plessy-Bourre yuav tsum tau xis nyob thiab yooj yim kom tus tswv tuaj yeem nyob ntawd, caw ntau tus qhua thiab tuav ntau lub npas. Tus kws kes duab vajtse tau paub txog tag nrho cov kev xav tau no. Lub tsev fuabtais yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm 59 x 68 meters. Zoo li lwm cov tsev fuabtais medieval hauv Fabkis, cov pej thuam ua tiav nws cov ces kaum. Ib tug moat tau khawb nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev tag nrho, los ntawm qhov uas koj tsuas tuaj yeem hla ib qho me me drawbridge - lub tsev choj tau tsim los tiv thaiv nws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov chaw tau tso tseg nruab nrab ntawm lub moat thiab phab ntsa kom tus tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais muaj qhov chaw uas ib tus tuaj yeem taug kev.

Château de Chenonceau

Thaum taug kev raws Loire Valley, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem pom lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Chenonceau (Fabkis), uas tau tsim xyoo 1515-1521. nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Renaissance thiab lig Gothic style thiab ncig los ntawm cov vaj tshwj xeeb.

Lub tsev teev ntuj no yog tus tswv ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv los ntawm Catherine de Medici thiab Francis I. Txhua tus tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tau rov ua dua tshiab kom txog thaum nws poob rau hauv Magnier tsev neeg (1914), koom nrog kev tsim khoom ntawm chocolate. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub interiors tsuas yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1951. Vim li no, kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm lub tsev thiab chav xyaum tsis hloov. Niaj hnub no, Chenonceau Tsev fuabtais yog qhov chaw mus xyuas tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob raug thawb los ntawm cov neeg xav paub, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tuaj ntawm no thaum sawv ntxov. Kuv muaj lub cib fimxauj ib lub portable audio guide - nws yuav qhia koj txog tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm cov chaw no.

Mont Saint-Michel

Ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub xeev ntawm Brittany thiab Normandy, ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej. Kyusnon yog ib lub pob zeb me me. Raws li cov lus dab neeg hais, nyob rau hauv 708 tus thawj tubtxib saum ntuj Michael tuaj rau ntawm Npis Sov ntawm Avranches St. Nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais. Cov seem ntawm 2 lub tsev teev ntuj rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau pom nyob saum roob.

Tam sim no, lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Mont Saint-Michel yog ib qho chaw nto moo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws. Rau kev nkag tau zoo dua ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj, lub pas dej tau tsim ntawm no - kev thauj mus los ntawm nws. Txawm li cas los xij, ib puag ncig teeb meem tshwm sim vim yog kev tsim kho, yog li lawv yuav rhuav tshem nws, thiab tsim tus choj es tsis txhob ua dam.

Château de Chambord

Nov yog qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawm vaj ntxwv, uas nyob ntawm Loire. Lub tsev fuabtais no tuaj yeem sib tw hauv thaj tsam txawm tias nrog Versailles. Thaum pib, Chambord Tsev fuabtais tau xeeb los ua qhov chaw yos hav zoov zoo tib yam, ua tim khawv rau qee txoj hauv kev rau lub hwj chim ntawm cov huab tais nyob ntawm no. Feem ntau, yog vim li cas Francis kuv, uas tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim kho cov khoom no, tsis tau nyiaj rau nws qhov kev tsim kho.

Lub tsev fuabtais no yog qhov piv txwv tiag tiag ntawm kev sib txuas zoo ntawm Italian Renaissance architecture thiab cov ntaub ntawv medieval. Nws muaj cov staircase tshwj xeeb tsim los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci nws tus kheej. Vacationers uas tau mus xyuas lub tsev fuabtais no kuj pom zoo kom taug kev hauv nws lub tiaj ua si - nwsyog ib thaj chaw tshwj xeeb uas npog thaj tsam ntawm 5540 hectares. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj yuav tsis pom zoo li toj roob hauv pes nyob qhov twg.

Château Le Lud

Txuas ntxiv mus tshawb txog lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Loire (Fabkis), cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus no, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tsis nco qab Le Lude. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv X-XI centuries raws li ib tug tiv thaiv qauv. Lub fortress no tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm Normans ntawm lub nceeg vaj Angevin thiab cov British. Tab sis lub tsev fuabtais tau xaus rau hauv tes ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th rov qab mus rau lub crown ntawm Fabkis. Marshal Gilles de Re, uas tau tsav cov yeeb ncuab tawm ntawm qhov ntawd, tau txais lub fortress raws li khoom plig.

Lub tsev fuabtais no nthuav vim yog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib txawv. Lawv txawv txawv yog pom nyob rau hauv kho kom zoo nkauj, rooj tog thiab interiors. Nws yog tam sim no qhib rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.

Crussol Fortress

Crussol Fortress tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XII los tiv thaiv lub hav ntawm tus dej. Rhone. Lub fortress no tau tiv thaiv ciam teb ntawm Fabkis los ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm Ltalis. Thaum lub sijhawm kev tsim kho pib, cov av no tau koom nrog Gerald Bastet, Tswv.

Lub fortress tau tsa rau ntawm lub ncov limestone thiab yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab muaj zog taw tes. Nws yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Lub ntuj nqes hav tau txuas ntxiv los ntawm cov phab ntsa fortification. Lub tsev fuabtais yuav luag impregnable.

Lub tsev loj nyob 3 hectares. Thawj ncej ntawm fortifications tsis suav nrog ntawm no. Nws tau tsim los tiv thaiv ib lub zos me me uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub fortress. Nws muaj tsis pub tshaj 100 lub tsev.

Crussol Fortress nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, thaumpib internecine kev tsov kev rog, pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm hostilities. Cov feudal lords hauv zos, nyob rau hauv lub pretext ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ntseeg, sim mus txeeb loj ib ncig. Lub fortress raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua, thiab tam sim no nyob rau hauv ruins.

Chaumont-sur-Loire

Saib lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Loire, koj tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej txog qhov no. Ntawm lub pob zeb ntug dej ntawm tus dej, nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog ntawm Blois thiab Tours, lub pearl tiag tiag ntawm palace architecture nkaum.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev fuabtais zoo nkauj no ncaj qha ntsig txog cov npe ntawm Diana de Poitiers, Catherine de Medici, Nostradamus, nrog rau ntau tus huab tais uas hloov nws mus rau qhov chaw nyob zoo. Niaj hnub no, nto moo International Garden Festival yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais no. Txhua txhua xyoo, tsawg kawg 30 lub vaj yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais thaj av los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv zos, cov neeg tsim qauv toj roob hauv pes, thiab cov neeg ua teb.

Angers Castle

Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws, nyob rau hauv lub department ntawm Maine thiab Loire, lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Angers nyob. Nws siv nws lub npe los ntawm lub nroog ntawm tib lub npe. Thaum nws tsim, lub tsev fuabtais tau rov ua qhov ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam nom tswv ntawm Fabkis thiab Askiv. Nws cov phab ntsa loj, tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab loj loj, tiv thaiv ntau yam kev ua siege. Lub tsev fuabtais no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub tebchaws.

Nws pib tsim nyob rau xyoo pua cuaj thiaj li tiv thaiv cov neeg Loos. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum peb nws tau nruab nrog ib tug complex ntawm fortifications. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev ntxiv dag zog thiab nthuav dav ntawm nws cov qauv tiv thaiv.

Lub tsev fuabtais yog rau qee lub sijhawm nyob ntawm René ntawm Anjou,uas tau teeb tsa jousting tournaments thiab kev sau ntawv festivals muaj. Vim muaj kev tsov rog tas li nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum rau, lub tsev fuabtais tau poob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj tag, thiab Henry III tau txiav txim rau nws txoj kev puas tsuaj. Tab sis lub fortress muaj zog heev uas lub hom phiaj yuav tsis ua kom tiav, thiab cov hauj lwm twb tiav. Tsis ntev, kev sib yuav ntawm Francoise ntawm Lorraine thiab Caesar ntawm Vendôme tau tshwm sim nyob rau ntawd.

Kev xav ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib tseem xav tsis thoob los ntawm daim kab xev loj "Apocalypse". Daim no ntev ntau pua meters.

Clos Lusset Castle

Txuas ntxiv mus tshawb txog cov tsev fuabtais ntawm Fabkis, cov duab uas tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no, nws tsim nyog hais txog Clos Luce. Lub tsev pob zeb liab thiab dawb no tau tsim los ntawm cov hauv paus uas cov kws tshawb fawb tau rov qab mus rau Halo-Roman era. Tus tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais yog tus huab tais nyiam Etienne Le Loup, uas yog tus pab ua noj ntawm Plessis-les-Tours.

Lub tsev medieval square pej thuam tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no. Nws yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov qauv. Lub fortress piav qhia ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tau muag los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Renaissance architecture - lawv lub tsev tau txais tom qab kev yuav lub tsev fuabtais los ntawm Charles VIII.

Lub tsev tau hloov mus ua vaj ntxwv chaw nyob, nws tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov pob zeb zoo nkauj, thiab lub tsev teev ntuj rau Anne ntawm Brittany tau ntxiv. Muaj ib zaug, Francis kuv, Leonardo da Vinci, Margaret ntawm Navarskaya tuaj xyuas ntawm no, Babu de la Bourdesiere (tus huab tais nyiam) nyob ntawm no.

Lub tsev fuabtais tsis raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm kiv puag ncig ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm tsev neeg d'Amboise. Tom qab ntawd nws dhau mus ua tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg Saint-Brie - nws yog nyob rau hauv lawv muajthiab tam sim no. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub tsev no tab tom sim rov tsim kho qhov zoo li lub tsev fuabtais thiab nws cov khoom qub qub.

Nyob rau xyoo pua 16, tus naas ej Leonardo da Vinci nyob ntawm no. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, architects, pob zeb thiab ntoo craftsmen, kos duab restorers tau koom nrog kev kho dua tshiab. Ua ntej, Hall of the Guards yuav raug kho dua tshiab (nws yog chav ua noj nyob rau hauv Leonardo), tom qab ntawd cov chav hauv qab daus yuav raug hloov kho, qhov chaw uas cov tshuab tsim los ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse ntawm cov kws kos duab yuav nyob, nrog rau Lub Tsev Loj Loj ntawm Pawg Sab Laj.. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pom cov chav ntawm Leonardo da Vinci thiab Margherita ntawm Navarre.

Château de Amboise

Thaum saib cov tsev fuabtais nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Fabkis, nws tsim nyog nco txog qhov no, uas nce siab saum Loire. Nws pib nws keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum ib. Yog li ntawd, nws tau ntsib ntau lub sijhawm sib txawv - nws yog lub tsev muaj koob muaj npe thiab lub chaw muaj zog medieval fortress, khawm Hoobkas thiab tsev loj cuj … Lub tsev fuabtais no tau mus xyuas los ntawm ntau tus tib neeg, cov kws tshawb fawb, kws kos duab thiab cov sculptors los ntawm thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe. Nws yuav txaus siab rau txhua tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi taug kev raws cov tub rog tub rog thiab cov tsev muaj koob muaj npe, paub txog kev sau cov rooj tog zoo nkauj, txaus siab rau lub vaj zoo nkauj panoramic ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Loire.

Château d'If

Lub tsev fuabtais, paub ntau tus los ntawm cov ntawv tshiab los ntawm A. Dumas, nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Fabkis. Nws tau tsim los tiv thaiv lub nroog los ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm hiav txwv. Nws raug txib kom ua los ntawm Francis kuv, txawm hais tias lub tsev fuabtais tsis tau tawm tsam, vim nws muaj peev xwm muaj sia nyob mus txog hnub no hauv kev ncaj ncees.

Modern Marseille yog qhov txaus siab rau nws - qhov no yog ib qho ntawm nws lub ntsiabchaw ncig ua si. Yog li, muaj kev coj mus ncig ua si ncig Yog Castle, muaj ib lub tsev noj mov zoo, thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab khoom plig tseem muag.

Tau ntev lub tsev fuabtais no tau siv los ua tsev loj cuj, vim tias nws yog qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tshem tawm - nws yuav luag tsis muaj kev khiav tawm ntawm qhov ntawd vim muaj dej ntws tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm cov kob. Nyob rau hauv lub fortress muaj hlwb tsis muaj qhov rais, nyob rau hauv lub rov qab ntawm lub tsev, txawm hais tias muaj lwm yam kev mob rau cov neeg muaj nyiaj - lawv nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub tsev, qhov twg nws muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau lub seascape thiab ua pa tshiab.

Tsuas yog thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum cuaj, lub tsev loj cuj tau tso tseg, thiab lub tsev fuabtais tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub tebchaws.

Serran Castle

Lub fortress ntawm Serran tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum rau, tab sis, zoo li ntau lub tsev fuabtais hauv Fabkis, lub tsev qub tau rov tsim kho dua nyob rau ntau pua xyoo tom qab. Cov cuab yeej qub yog los ntawm Le Bris tsev neeg - lawv tau thov kev tso cai los tsim nws los ntawm Louis XI. Tsim los ntawm nto moo Philibert Delorme.

Tom qab cov kev hloov pauv, tus ntsuj plig ntawm Renaissance, tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub sijhawm Francis kuv, tseem nyob ntawm no (yuav luag tag nrho cov tsev fuabtais ntawm Loire tau ua hauv nws). Lub kaum yees thiab moats yog suav hais tias yog cov khoom qub tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, uas sib haum xeeb ua ke nrog cov domes crowning lub yees thiab qhov rais dav. Cov yees nyob rau saum toj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog balustrades.

Dawb sandstone thiab tsaus xim av slate tsim qhov sib txawv zoo nkauj ntawm lub façade ntawm lub tsev, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog daim duab peb sab pediment.

Hauv lub tsev fuabtais, sab hauv nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv zoo nkauj thiabtapestries.

Castle of Carcassonne

Qhov no yog ib qho txuj ci tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ua tub rog, uas ua rau nws zoo siab thiab muaj zog. Lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Carcassonne (Fabkis) muaj ob kab peb-kilometer muaj zog phab ntsa nrog cov yees, qhov pom ntawm uas ua rau leej twg tshee.

Qhov txawv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais yog qhov chaw no muaj lub neej zoo tib yam - tsheb tsav thiab cov neeg nyob hauv zos nyob. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem hnov zoo li tus neeg nyob hauv lub nroog medieval - nkag mus rau lub fortress yog dawb thiab dawb!

Lub fortress ntawm Carcassonne nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm sab xis ntawm tus dej. Od. Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws muaj ob kab ntawm phab ntsa nrog tag nrho ntev txog 3 km, uas yog crowned nrog 52 yees. Lub fortress nyob teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm tau suav hais tias yog lub feem ntau impregnable. Ntawm nws thaj chaw muaj basilica thiab suav lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Comtal. Lub fortress tau suav nrog hauv UNESCO daim ntawv teev npe txij li xyoo 1997.

Clos Luce Castle

Tau kawg, tsis yog txhua lub tsev fuabtais hauv Fab Kis tau cuam tshuam nrog lub npe nrov Leonardo da Vinci, tab sis tsis yog qhov no. Leonardo, raws li kev caw ntawm Francis Thawj, tau mus xyuas thaj av no thiab nyob ntawm no rau 3 xyoo dhau los ntawm nws lub neej. Nws mob siab rau lub sijhawm no los ua kom tiav cov haujlwm ntawm nws cov canvases thiab inventions. Taug kev ntawm no yuav zoo siab thiab nthuav rau txhua tus. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, cov duab kos thiab inventions ntawm tus tswv los rau hauv lub neej, ntawm no txhua tus qhua tuaj yeem pom lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse no.

Ge Pean Castle

Kawm ntau lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Fabkis, nws tsim nyog hais txog lub tsev medieval no, ua nyob ze Ponlevois hauv XIV-xyoo pua 15th Nws yog ib qho elegant yos hav zoov pavilion square hauv txoj kev npaj. Lub fortress phab ntsa nrog towers xaus nrog ib tug terrace. Tag nrho nws cov vaj tse nyob yog nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm tsab ntawv "P", ua ib lub tshav puam loj nyob rau hauv. Lub tsev tseem ceeb yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov yees, thiab lub façade muaj ntau lub qhov rais zoo nkauj, vim tias ib txwm muaj lub teeb loj loj hauv cov chav.

Ntawm no muaj cov qhua xws li Henry II, Francis I, Lafayette, Balzac. Cov chav sab hauv tau dai kom zoo nkauj hauv cov style ntawm Renaissance.

Tam sim no, tus tswv yog Marquis de Keguelen. Lub tsev fuabtais yog qhib rau pej xeem, nrog nws cov chav nto moo tshaj plaws yog lub saloon, Hall of the Guards, lub tsev qiv ntawv thiab lub tsev teev ntuj. Ntau yam kev kos duab tau siv los kho cov khoom siv sab hauv, qhov chaw no muaj cov rooj tog hauv tsev los ntawm Louis XV thiab XVI, stunning tapestries tau nthuav tawm ntawm phab ntsa. Cov duab pleev xim rau lub tsev fuabtais yog los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo, suav nrog Rigaud, Jean-Louis David, Fragonard, Guido Reni, Andrea del Sarto.

lus dab neeg Versailles

Versailles, ua ib lub tsev fuabtais nto moo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws, txhua xyoo nyiam txog 3 lab tus qhua. Lub palace zoo nkauj no tau tsim hauv xyoo 1624 rau Louis XIII ua qhov chaw yos hav zoov. Tom qab ntawd nws tau nthuav dav los ua qhov chaw nyob ntawm tag nrho tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm lub palace muaj xws li txoj kev hauv tsev nrog 17 daim iav arches, Hall of Mirrors thiab ntau lwm cov ntsiab lus nthuav dav sib npaug. Cov neeg tuaj xyuas poj huab tais chav pw tuaj yeem pom lub qhov rooj zais - Marie Antoinette ua rau nwstxoj kev khiav. Versailles, nrog nws cov chav zoo nkauj, tsuas yog yuav tsum pom. Thiab tsis txhob hnov qab lub vaj tsev 250-acre, nthuav tawm cov duab geometric ntawm txoj kev, paj thiab ntoo.

Rau txhua tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, cov neeg taug kev thiab cov neeg so, cov toj roob hauv pes zoo nkauj, Fabkis txoj ntxim nyiam, cov tsev fuabtais majestic ntawm Fabkis yuav qhib ntawm no … Niaj hnub no, tag nrho cov keeb kwm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab ntawm lub tebchaws tau ua tib zoo tiv thaiv, thiab ntau yam uas tau raug yav tas los nyob rau hauv lub xeev uas ploj lawm tam sim no pib rov qab.