Palais Royal hauv Paris: piav qhia, keeb kwm, kws kos duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Palais Royal hauv Paris: piav qhia, keeb kwm, kws kos duab
Palais Royal hauv Paris: piav qhia, keeb kwm, kws kos duab
Anonim

Ib qho chaw zoo nkauj ntawm Fabkis yog Palais Royal hauv Paris, lub tsev zoo nkauj thiab chaw ua si, uas yog ib qho chaw nyob ntawm cov neeg muaj hwj chim tshaj plaws hauv lub xeev. Ncaj nraim ntawm Palais-Royal-Musee-du-Louvre metro chaw nres tsheb thiab sab qaum teb ntawm Louvre, muaj lub tsev loj loj nrog lub xwmfab thiab lub vaj uas zais hauv qab cov vaj tsev qub nyob ib puag ncig nws. Keeb kwm ntawm Palais-Royal complex pib nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, thaum lub palace tau hu ua Cardinal thiab koom nrog thawj tus huab tais huab tais, Duke de Richelieu. Txij thaum ntawd los, lub tsev thiab qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig nws tau hloov pauv ntau thiab rov tsim kho dua tshiab. Tab sis Palais-Royal tseem tuaj yeem suav tias yog "lub nroog Paris", raws li Karamzin tau sau txog nws, taug kev hla Fabkis xyoo 1790.

Image
Image

Tus Cardinal Txoj Cai

Thaum xyoo 1624 Cardinal de Richelieu tau los ua thawj tus thawj coj thiab tus thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv Louis XIII, nws tab tom nrhiav lub tsev tsim nyog ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tam sim ntawd.ze rau lub Louvre. Lawv tau dhau los ua vaj tse loj Anzhen nrog ntau lub tsev, lub vaj thiab cov qauv tiv thaiv. Rau kev tsim kho vaj tse, Richelieu nyiam ib tus kws tshaj lij Parisian zoo tshaj plaws, Jacques Lemercier, uas txawj ua ke cov ntsiab lus ntawm classicism thiab baroque.

Txoj haujlwm tau ua txij li xyoo 1633 txog 1639, thiab thaum kev tsim kho tiav, lub palace, hu ua Palais Cardinal, tau sib tw nrog cov vajntxwv Fabkis lub tsev. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Louvre nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd yog plaub zaug me me, thiab cov tsos yog ntau npaum li cas coj los ntawm niaj hnub no. Louis XIII tsis txaus siab rau qhov xwm txheej no, tab sis lub cardinal diplomatically daws qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev ua ib lub siab nyiam, raws li nws lub palace tau dhau los ua tus huab tais.

depiction ntawm lub palace thiab chaw ua si los ntawm 1679
depiction ntawm lub palace thiab chaw ua si los ntawm 1679

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Richelieu thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1642, Louis XIII tau muaj qhov chaw nyob zoo ntawm cardinal rau ib nrab xyoo, nyob txog lub Tsib Hlis 1643. Tus poj ntsuam ntawm tus huab tais, Anne ntawm Austria, regent rau tsib xyoos Louis XIV, tsiv nrog tus huab tais hluas thiab nws tus kwv muaj peb xyoos mus rau Palais Cardinal. Tus poj huab tais, tus yeeb ncuab nyob mus ib txhis ntawm Richelieu, hloov lub npe Palais Cardinal rau Palais Royal. Lub palace kuj dhau los ua lub tsev ntawm Cardinal Mazarin, Fab Kis tus thawj coj thiab Anne's protégé.

Tshav Ntuj yav tom ntej tau siv tag nrho nws cov menyuam yaus hauv chav tsev no, tab sis tom qab tawm hauv lub tsev, nws tsis rov qab los. Txawm li cas los xij, tus huab tais tau ua ib qho ntawm kev tsim tawm ntawm qhov pov tseg ntawm nws txoj kev nyiam, Duchess Louise de La Vallière. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1680, raws li txoj cai ntawm huab tais, theatre "Comédie Française" tau tsim nyob rau ntawm lub Palais Royal.

Plan ntawm lub palace nyob rau hauv 1739
Plan ntawm lub palace nyob rau hauv 1739

Residence of the Dukes of Orleans

Txij li xyoo 1661, Louis XIV tau tsom mus rau kev tsim kho ntawm Versailles, thiab Palais Royal hauv Paris tau dhau mus rau nws tus kwv yau Philip I ntawm Orleans. Lub palace complex tau hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th hauv Duke Louis Philippe ntawm Orleans (Egalite). Tsis tu ncua ntawm nyiaj txiag rau nws txoj kev ua neej luxurious, nws xav paub yuav ua li cas kom tau nyiaj tau los ntawm nws cov vaj tsev. Tus kws kes duab vajtse Victor Louis tau tsim lub tsev zoo ib yam ntawm peb sab nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub vaj nrog cov arched galleries nyob rau hauv pem teb, uas nyob rau thawj Parisian kas fes tsev, fashionable clubs thiab countless khw.

tsev nrog arcades nyob ib ncig ntawm lub vaj
tsev nrog arcades nyob ib ncig ntawm lub vaj

Paris Entertainment Center

Cov arcade nyob ib ncig ntawm lub palace tau dhau los ua qhov chaw kim thiab muaj koob npe. Cov lus piav qhia zoo heev ntawm Palais Royal hauv Paris thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv Cov Ntawv ntawm Cov Neeg Lavxias los ntawm Nikolai Karamzin. Cov chaw ua lag luam ua lag luam hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, pob zeb zoo nkauj, cov khoom siv kos duab, cov khoom coj los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb, cov phau ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau, cov ntaub zoo nkauj thiab ntau yam kev xav paub. Lub tiaj ua si palace, qhov twg lub tsev pheeb suab circus nthuav tawm, Comedie Francaise ua yeeb yam, cov chav ua yeeb yam nrog lawv lub tsev kas fes thiab lub qhov rais ci ntsa iab tau tag nrho ntawm cov neeg, lawv tau dhau los ua qhov chaw zam rau kev lom zem ntawm Parisians. Heev sai heev, cov tsev twv txiaj thiab chaw lom zem tau tshwm sim ntawm no. Tub ceev xwm tsis tau tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam Palais Royal, tau txais kev txwv tsis pub mus saib thaj chaw no.

Fountains ntawm Bury
Fountains ntawm Bury

Nyob Fab Kis Teb

Tom qab cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1793, Egalite raug tua thiab lub palace tau raug suav hais tias yog pej xeem. Xyoo 1814, nrog kev kho dua tshiab ntawm huab tais, Louis XVIII tau xa lawv cov khoom rau Orleans tsev neeg. Lub palace sab hauv tau raug kho dua tshiab los ntawm tus kws tsim vaj tsev Pierre Francois Fontaine, cov khw thiab kev lom zem hauv cov chav tau raug kaw, thiab Palais Royal hauv Paris tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ci ntsa iab ntawm kev ua neej nyob siab. Nyob rau hauv 1848, thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej no kiv puag ncig, lub palace twb plundered, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Paris Commune, raws li ib tug cim ntawm monarchical hwj chim, nws raug hlawv. Qee qhov ntawm lub tsev thiab sab hauv raug hlawv tag nrho. Lub Palais Royal tau los ua cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm lub xeev, xyoo 1873 nws tau rov qab los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog, tom qab ntawd nws tau ua haujlwm hauv tsoomfwv.

Kev tsim kho zaum kawg tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1980s. Txij li lub tsev tam sim no nyob los ntawm Ministry of Culture, State thiab Constitutional Councils, lub palace, tshwj tsis yog rau sab hnub poob tis, yog siv tsis tau rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.

Palais Royal
Palais Royal

Buren Columns

Thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab, Ministry of Culture txiav txim siab kho lub square nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub palace nkag. Txij li thaum xyoo 1980, ua ib feem ntawm Ob Qhov Kev Pabcuam, cov duab puab tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyiam Fabkis txoj kev xav Daniel Buren. Nws lub tswv yim muaj tswv yim, piav qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim dawb thiab kab txaij dawb, yog embodied nyob rau hauv ib colossal spatial installation: 260 kab ntawm ntau theem lined nyob rau hauv geometric txiav txim ntawm lub square. Lawv cov dub thiab dawb marble cladding tsim ib qho txawv txawvkab txaij ntsug.

Thaum Ministry of Culture nthuav tawm qhov project, nws qhov kev siv ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam hnyav rau pej xeem. Rallies tawm tsam xws li embellishment ntawm keeb kwm architecture nyob rau hauv Paris tsis tau nres txawm tom qab lub installation ntawm sculptural muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv 1986. Txawm li cas los xij, dhau sij hawm, cov kab ntawm Buren tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog, tshwm sim hauv qee cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Parisians.

Buren kab
Buren kab

Buri Fountains

Ib xyoos ua ntej kab kab kab kab ntawm Buren, ob lub qhov dej tau teeb tsa rau pem hauv ntej ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub palace los ntawm tus kws kos duab thiab tus neeg pleev kob Paul Bury, uas ua haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab kinetic. Cov no yog cov pob hlau nteg tawm ntawm lub dav hlau los ntawm cov dej ntws. Los ntawm kev xav txog cov khoom txav mus rau ntawm lub ntsej muag kheej kheej ntawm cov khoom, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog reflected nyob rau hauv dej, Paul Bury embodied lub tswv yim ntawm dynamic plasticity. Sib cais los ntawm ib lub colonnade, Bury's qhov chaw thiab Buren's sculptural installation tau dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib leeg.

Fountains ntawm Bury
Fountains ntawm Bury

Comedy Francaise

Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau npaj rau hauv Palais Royal los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Cardinal Richelieu. Rau qhov no, tus kws kes duab vajtse Jacques Lemercier siv lub tis sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub palace. Qhib hauv 1641, lub tsev ua yeeb yam hu ua Great Hall of the Palais Cardinal. Ntawm no nyob rau hauv 1660-1673, alternating nrog Italian lam, Moliere lub troupe ua si thiab nws comedies twb staged. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj hauv xyoo 1763, Paris Opera, nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Lully, tau hloov chaw ua yeeb yam Molière. Tom qab hluav taws kub xyoo 1781, lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau tsimLwm lub tsev, thiab lub palace tis tau rov ua dua rau lub tsev ua yeeb yam comedie Francaise nrhiav tau los ntawm Louis XIV.

Lub sijhawm ntawd, muaj ob lub tsev ua yeeb yam sib tw hauv Paris: Hotel Genego, ib pab pawg Moliere sawv cev ua yeeb yam, thiab Burgundy Hotel, qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim. Los ntawm txoj cai ntawm Louis XIV, ob pab pawg tau koom ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev ua yeeb yam, uas tau qhib rau xyoo 1680. Niaj hnub no tsuas yog Fabkis classical repertoire nthuav tawm ntawm no.

Lub tsev ntawm theatre "Comedy Francaise"
Lub tsev ntawm theatre "Comedy Francaise"

Park

Lub vaj nyob ntsiag to nyob tom qab Palais Royal. Nws yog ib puag ncig los ntawm plaub-zaj dab neeg cov tsev nrog arcades, uas ib zaug nyob hauv cov chaw nto moo ntawm Duke of Orleans. Qhov chaw ntawm lub tiaj ua si yog nyob los ntawm ib tug loj round ciav. Tsis deb ntawm nws, ntawm txoj kab kev xav ntawm Parisian meridian, ib lub phom loj me me tau teeb tsa. Los ntawm 1786 txog 1998, nws cov qauv tau nyob ntawm no, nruab nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm zoo ntawm watchmaker Rousseau. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, lub hnub ci ci, dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, tau teeb tsa lub cannon them, thiab rab phom raug rho tawm thaum tav su.

vaj loog
vaj loog

Tsis yog txhua phau ntawv qhia hauv Paris yuav coj mus ncig ua si ntawm lub vaj alleys - muaj ob peb qhov kev nyiam. Tab sis Parisians nyiam lub nroog zoo nkauj no nrog nws cov paj txaj zoo nkauj thiab linden alleys, magnolias thiab daffodils blooming nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Nws tsis yog neeg coob coob thiab nyob ntsiag to ntawm no, thiab tsuas yog hnub Sunday txoj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb cuam tshuam los ntawm pawg kab tshoob uas nyiam thaij duab tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog Oasis no.

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