2018 yog xyoo kev ncig tebchaws hauv Tajikistan. Thawj Tswj Hwm tau kos npe rau tsab cai no thaum kawg lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2017. Nws muab kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, kev tsim cov khoom siv tes ua thiab khaws cia cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lub teb chaws zoo kawg nkaus. Ua ntej mus ntsib nws, koj yuav tsum kawm kom ntau li ntau tau txog nws, thiab tom qab ntawd kev tsis ntseeg txog kev mus ncig yuav ploj ntawm lawv tus kheej.
Lub koom pheej ntawm Tajikistan yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm tag nrho cov xeev ntawm Central Asian thaj tsam, nyob rau hauv nws sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj. Nws tag nrho cheeb tsam yog 143 txhiab square meters. kilometers. Tab sis thaj tsam tsis tseem ceeb hauv tsis muaj txoj hauv kev txwv tsis pub cov koom pheej tsis tshuav ib qho ntawm cov chaw ncig tebchaws uas txaus nyiam tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw loj tom qab-Soviet.
Yog tias peb piv cov kev ncig tebchaws ntawm Tajikistan thiab Uzbekistan, tom qab ntawd thawj zaug muaj ntau qhov kev nyiam, kev zoo nkauj ntawm ntuj. Lub teb chaws tsim nyog mus xyuas. Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ncig Tebchaws ntawm Tajikistan tab tom ua haujlwm zoo los nyiam cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.
Koj paub dab tsi txog Tajikistan?
Tajikistan yog thaj tsam ntawm qhov sib txawv zoo kawg nkaus, 93% ntawm nws thaj chaw tag nrho yog nyob hauv roob, uas suav tias yog qhov txaus nyiam tshaj plaws hauv Central Asia.
Lub xeev muaj cov cuab yeej cuab tam keeb kwm zoo, qhov qub subculture, thaj chaw nthuav dav, ntau yam kev pab cuam ntuj tsim thiab chaw ua si, thaj chaw zoo nkauj thiab fauna.
Lus nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mus ncig uas haum rau lub sijhawm luv luv, koj tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas txhua lub caij, saib tundra nrog qhov kawg permafrost thiab verdant subtropics, txiv hmab txiv ntoo plains thiab glaciers nyob rau hauv lub txias huab cua ntawm perennial pos, alpine meadows, tawm tsam. nrog kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov xim thiab scorched lub tshav kub ntawm lub pov tseg.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub xeev no tsis yog rau cov neeg paub txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev yooj yim. Txawm hais tias, qhov tseeb, qhov no tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm "cov ntawv pov thawj" tseem ceeb rau cov neeg paub txog cov kab txawv.
Tajikistan yog lub xeev tshwj xeeb, uas tsis muaj txhua yam hluavtaws, ua rau cov neeg taug kev, lossis coj los ntawm lwm haiv neeg. Tsis muaj tibneeg hu tauj coob, cov nroog loj heev, nrog rau cov kev kub ceev thiab kev tshaj tawm neon uas tau teeb tsa cov hniav ntawm ntug. Tsuas yog xwm txheej, txoj kev ua neej classic thiab qhib, ua siab zoo, cov neeg zoo nyob hauv lawv tus kheej yooj yim.
History
Cov neeg nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Tajikistan niaj hnub no, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm hais tias, nyob hauv Hnub Nyoog Pob Zeb. Qhov nruab nrab, sab qab teb thiab sab hnub tuaj ntawm Tajikistan niaj hnub no yog ib feem ntawm lub xeev qhev ntawm Bactria, thiabCov cheeb tsam mus rau sab qaum teb los ntawm Gissar ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj qhev ntawm Sogd.
Tom qab ntawd, cov cheeb tsam no tau kov yeej los ntawm Alexander lub Great thiab nws cov Greeks, ces lawv yog ib feem ntawm lub tebchaws Seleucid. Thiab qhov no tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov tebchaws uas nws cov qauv suav nrog niaj hnub Tajikistan. Yog li ntawd, Tajikistan tseem tau kov yeej los ntawm Kushan lub nceeg vaj, Turkic Khaganate, lub zog ntawm Karakhanids, lub xeev Tatar-Mongol, lub zog ntawm Sheibanids. Xyoo 1868, Tajikistan tau txuas ntxiv rau tebchaws Russia.
Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917, Tajik ASSR tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaj av ntawm Tajikistan ua ib feem ntawm Uzbek SSR. Xyoo 1929, Tajik ASSR tau hloov kho rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov koom pheej ntawm Soviet Union.
Tsuas xyoo 1991 Tajikistan tshaj tawm nws txoj kev ywj pheej.
Nyiaj
Kev xaws thiab xaws - qhov ntawd yog qhov Tajikistan feem ntau zoo kawg nkaus rau. Ib qho khoom plig nco txog ntawm lub teb chaws no yog cov khoom ntawm lub teb chaws cov khaub ncaws: wadded robes nto moo (los ntawm txoj kev, lawv tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kub nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub caij), embroidered siv thiab skullcaps, dresses, thiab kuj ris.
Ntau tus neeg mob siab rau cov khau tawv classic: khau, khau thiab khau khiab - lawv, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb ntawm lo lus, tsis muaj kev rhuav tshem. Los ntawm Tajikistan tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub pua plag "suzane" cov ntaub pua plag nrog cov ntaub lo lo ntxhuav lossis paj ntaub, "ruijo" txaj npog, "dastarkhan" ntaub pua rooj. Cov khoom siv tais diav ua hauv lub voj voog lossis ua los ntawm tes yog qhov xav tau zoo. Cov menyuam ntxhais yuav nyiam cov hlua khi nyiaj, hnyav bracelets thiab qhwv ntsej nrogcov ntsiab lus teb chaws. Nco ntsoov qhia kev txaus siab rau hauv tsev, cov ntaub pua tsev zoo nkauj heev, thiab, ntxiv rau, hauv cov duab classic.
Formidable nyob rau hauv tsos, tab sis tus phooj ywg nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, Pamir yaks muab cov neeg nyob hauv Tajikistan nrog ntaub plaub, los ntawm cov craftswomen knit sov so thom khwm, phuam qhwv caj dab thiab mittens.
Sights of Tajikistan
Muaj ntau txhiab tus keeb kwm keeb kwm, kev tsim vaj tsev thiab archaeological monuments hauv Tajikistan. Tam sim no, tsoomfwv Tajikistan tab tom faib cov peev txheej tseem ceeb rau kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm archaeological thiab architectural monuments.
khoom zoo tshaj
Cov chaw zoo tshaj plaws hauv Tajikistan (rau tourism) suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Hissar fortress nyob ze Dushanbe.
- Titul Mashhad mausoleum ze Bugor-Tube.
- Buddhist Tuam Tsev ntawm Ajina Tepe.
- Mausoleum ntawm Sheikh Massala hauv Khujand.
- Mausoleum ntawm Makhdumi Azam hauv Gissar Valley.
- Lub ruins ntawm Kaahka fortress.
- Pedzhikent ruin.
- Sangin Mosque hauv Hissar Valley.
- Lub nroog Sarazm ze Pejikent.
Cia peb mus saib qee yam ntawm lawv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncig Tebchaws ntawm Tajikistan tau tsim txoj kev nthuav dav tshaj plaws.
Hissar fortress
Tam sim no, tsuas yog ib feem ntawm lub fortress qub uas cov neeg taug kev tuaj yeem pom yog lub rooj vag. Lawv ua los ntawm cov cib hlawv.nyob rau sab muaj ob tubular yees nrog nqaim loopholes nyob rau sab saum toj. Ib feem ntawm lub fortress phab ntsa, uas sib sau ua ke cov yees, yog txiav los ntawm ib tug loj lancet arch.
Cov rooj vag ntawm Hissar fortress yog kos rau ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm 20 somoni daim nqi. Rov qab lub rooj vag yog ib tug qub madrasah. Nws yog ib lub tsev cib nrog lub dome. Lub madrasah tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th. Kev kawm ntawm no tsis tau tso tseg kom txog thaum xyoo 1921. Lub tshav dav hlau ntawm madrasah yog ib puag ncig los ntawm cov hlwb, thiab lub tsev ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv kuj tau khaws cia. Txog li 150 tus menyuam kawm ntawv kawm ntawm no.
Khoja-Mashad, Bugor-Tube
Lub Mausoleum ntawm Khoja Mashad, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Sayed (Bugor-Tube ncig), stuns nrog monumentality ntawm cov nuj nqis thiab virtuosity ntawm reddish-xim av masonry. Qhov no tsuas yog ntoo carved mausoleum sab laug nyob rau hauv Central Asia.
thaj chaw uas lub tsev teev ntuj nyob tau ntev lub npe hu ua "Kabodian" thiab tau ntev txaus siab rau cov neeg taug kev.
Khoja Mashhad yog ib tug neeg nyiam tiag tiag hauv zej zog Islamic, nws tuaj txog Kabodian los ntawm Middle East nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 9th - pib ntawm 10th centuries. Nws yog ib tug txiv neej nplua nuj qhia Islam. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg ntseeg tias kev tsim kho ntawm madrasah tau tshwm sim ntawm nws tus nqi. Tom qab nws tuag, nws raug faus rau ntawm no.
Legends nthuav tawm cov ntawv sib txawv, zoo li yog lub tsev loj cuj "tshem tawm" hauv ib hmos thiab suav tias yog khoom plig zoo kawg nkaus xa los ntawm Allah.
Tuam Tsev Tuam Tsev
Ntawm 12 km ntawm Kurgan-Tyube muaj thaj tsam hu ua Ajina-Tepe los ntawm cov neeg hauv zos. Nws tuaj yeem txhais tau tias "Dab Ntxwg Nyoog toj", "Pob ntawm dab phem". Zoo li tus cwj pwm zoo li notau tsim los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv no vim qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm thaj chaw no, nyob ib puag ncig ntawm peb ntug ntawm kwj dej, densely overgrown nrog pos, lined nrog toj thiab pits.
Archaeologists tau tsim tias lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Ajina-Tepe muaj ob ntu (lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lavra), ob lub tshav puam uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov tsev thiab cov phab ntsa muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tshav puam muaj ib tug stupa loj (ib lub tsev rau kev khaws cia ntawm artifacts los yog kos npe rau thaj chaw dawb huv). Nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum ntawm lub tshav puam muaj me Stupas uas zoo tib yam li lub loj Stupa. Lub tuam tsev tau luxuriously decorated, cov phab ntsa thiab vaults tau them nrog paintings. Muaj niches nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa, qhov uas muaj loj thiab me me mlom ntawm tus Buddha (nws style tag nrho yog dominated tus duab puab ntawm Ajina Tepe).
Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws nrhiav tau yog ib tug loj av nplaum duab puab ntawm Buddha nyob rau hauv nirvana, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1966 nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev ntawm lub tuam tsev. Niaj hnub no, tus pej thuam "Buddha in Nirvana" yog nyob rau ntawm lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Antiquities ntawm Tajikistan hauv Dushanbe. Nws yog suav hais tias yog tus pej thuam loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nplai, nrhiav pom nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Central Asia tam sim no.
Mausoleum ntawm Sheikh Muslihiddin
Lub Mausoleum ntawm Sheikh Muslihiddin yog suav tias yog thaj chaw faus neeg ntawm tus thawj coj nto moo thiab kws sau paj huam ntawm XIII xyoo pua, Muslihiddin Khujandi. Lub mausoleum yog ib tug me me faus chamber ua los ntawm square ci cib. Twb tau tom qab kho, lub mausoleum zoo li ob-zaj dab neeg portal-dome tsev nrog lub hauv paus nrog "zierathona" thiab lub domed "gurkhona". Tau ntau pua xyoo, tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntees tuag tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm lub monument,toj ntxas muaj ntau lub ntxa.
Pedzhikent ruins
Lub nroog no txhais tias "5 lub zos". Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog no tau pib los ntawm tsib lub zos no, rov qab mus rau 5th - 8th centuries. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Pedzhikent tau suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev vam meej thiab khoom siv tes ua chaw ntawm Sogd. Nws tseem hu ua "Central Asian Pompeii". Nws yog ib tug zoo heev fortified, zoo-tsim lub zos nrog ib tug kav lub tsev fuabtais, ob lub tuam tsev, bazaars, luxurious tsev ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog, zoo nkauj dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau yam murals, ntoo thiab av nplaum sculptures ntawm ancient vajtswv. Pejikent yog lub nroog kawg ntawm txoj kev los ntawm Samarkand mus rau roob Kuhistan. Tau nyiaj ntau heev, vim tsis muaj ib lub tsheb thauj neeg, tsis yog ib tus neeg, tawm hauv roob mus rau Samarkand thiab rov qab los, muaj sijhawm hla Pejikent.
Lub nroog tau rhuav tshem los ntawm Arabs nyob rau xyoo pua 8th. Lub ruins ntawm lub nroog qub no tau raug tshawb pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem. Niaj hnub no, cov neeg taug kev tuaj yeem pom ntawm no cov ruins ntawm cov tsev nyob thiab cov tsev tswj hwm, lub fortress nrog lub palace, vaj tse rau cov neeg txawj ntse, lub tuam tsev ntawm cov neeg tua hluav taws.
Npaj rau cov neeg taug kev npaj mus ncig qhov chaw no
Lavxias teb sab txog kev ncig tebchaws hauv Tajikistan tawm kev tshuaj xyuas sib txawv kiag li. Qhov tseeb, muaj lub cev tsis txaus ntawm cov nyiaj ntsuab hauv Tajikistan. Hauv Pamirs, piv txwv li, txhua qhov kev hloov pauv yog ua los ntawm kev sib pauv. Nco ntsoov tias cov neeg nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws feem ntau them nyiaj ntau dua rau zaub mov thiab kev pabcuam.kim tshaj cov neeg hauv zos. Hauv kev lag luam thiab bazaars nws yog kev cai rau kev sib tw, hauv cov khw muag khoom cov nqi raug kho. Cov lus qhia feem ntau yog 5%, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev sib tham ua ntej qhov yuav tsum tau muaj nqi zog hauv txhua kis.
kab mob siab A thiab E, kab mob cholera, diphtheria, typhoid, relapsing fever yog ib qho muaj peev xwm loj ntawm no, muaj kev hem thawj ntawm malaria nyob rau sab qab teb. Tsis txhob haus cov dej nyoos, txawm tias cov pej xeem hauv zos hais tias nws haum rau kev siv. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus qhia yooj yim no, koj qhov kev mus ncig yuav mus zoo.
