Egypt. Minerals thiab nyem nta

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Egypt nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj Africa thiab txog rau feem pua ntawm Sinai Peninsula hauv Asia. Lub xeev kuj muaj ob peb lub tebchaws me me hauv Gulf of Suez, ntxuav los ntawm Hiav Txwv Liab. Sab qaum teb ntawm lub tebchaws yog ntxuav los ntawm cov dej ntawm Hiav Txwv Mediterranean. Libya ciam teb rau sab hnub poob, Sudan ciam teb rau tim lyiv teb chaws mus rau sab qab teb, cov neeg Ixayees ciam teb rau sab hnub tuaj.

Natural nyem

Egypt daim av thiab cov peev txheej ntuj yog ib feem tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teb chaws thaj chaw. Feem ntau ntawm lub xeev nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm lub platform thaum ub tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb folding. Yog li ntawd, lub nyem ntawm Egypt feem ntau muaj cov tiaj. Kwv yees li 60% ntawm lub xeev yog nyob hauv Libyan suab puam nyob rau sab hnub poob. Lub toj siab sab hnub tuaj ntawm Arabian Desert stretches los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb. Nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm Hiav Txwv Liab thiab Nile Valley. Sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Egypt yog nyob ntawm Nubian Desert.

Libyan suab puam. Plateau

Kev nyem ntawm Libyan suab puam yog qhov tseem ceebtsim los ntawm sandstone thiab limestone. Nyob rau sab qaum teb muaj qhov siab txog 100 m, nyob rau sab qab teb - txog 600 m. Kuj tseem muaj kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv toj siab. Qattara - qhov kev nyuaj siab loj tshaj plaws - npog thaj tsam ntawm 19 txhiab square meters. m. Qhov qis tshaj plaws nce mus txog 133 m hauv qab dej hiav txwv. Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm kev nyuaj siab yog npog nrog ntsev marshes.

Nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Qattara yog Siwa kev nyuaj siab, tseem npog nrog ntsev marshes. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj - Fayum, nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj - kev nyuaj siab ntawm Dakhla, Baharia, Kharga thiab Farafra. Ntawm cov kev nyuaj siab kuj tseem muaj oases uas ua liaj ua teb tau loj hlob sai. Cov suab puam ntawm cheeb tsam no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm mounds. Muaj cov xuab zeb, saline, pebbly, pob zeb thiab xuab zeb-pebble av. Nyob rau sab hnub poob muaj lub Great Sandy Desert ntawm cellular nyem. Ntev ntev ntawm cov xuab zeb txuas nrog cov xuab zeb.

Nws tsis yog tsuas yog qhov chaw zoo nkauj uas nyiam cov neeg coob coob tuaj ncig tebchaws Egypt. Lub nyem thiab cov zaub mov ntawm no yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Stony thiab pebbly av muaj ntau dua nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub tuaj. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov dunes ntev. Cov dej hauv av hauv Libyan Suab puam tuaj rau saum npoo tsuas yog hauv oases.

Arabian suab puam. Plateau

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub toj siab muaj cov pob zeb crystalline qub uas pom lawv txoj kev tawm mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, tsim cov roob Etbay. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, lawv overlain los ntawm limestones thiab sandstones. Qhov siab ntawm toj siab hauv qee qhov chaw nce mus txog 1000 m saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub Nile Valley, lub Arabian suab puam nqes hav thiab yog hnyav indented los ntawm qhuav dej. Cov av ntawm no feem ntau yog pob zeb.

Lub Nubian toj siab muaj qhov sib xws thiab cov qauv. Hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm Nubian suab puam, cov kob siab txog li 1350 m saum hiav txwv theem tuaj yeem pom.

Cov peev txheej ntxhia hauv lub tebchaws Egypt muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb geological. Qhov no yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qee yam kev pab cuam. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov chaw tiaj tus, tseem muaj cov toj siab hauv lub tebchaws. Qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Iyiv yog Mount Katherine ntawm 2642 m. Ntawm cov roob uas nthuav dav raws ntug dej hiav txwv Liab, lub ncov ntawm Hamata thiab Shaib el-Banat sawv.

Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Sinai Peninsula nce ib qho ntawm granite chips. Qee qhov siab tshaj 2500 m saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Kuj tseem muaj lub toj siab El-Igma ntawm limestone keeb kwm thiab Et-Tih toj siab ntawm sandstone.

Egypt. Minerals

Lub plab hauv tebchaws Iziv yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov. Muaj cov deposits loj heev ntawm hydrocarbon keeb kwm. Cov rift basins ntawm Gulf of Suez thiab Hiav Txwv Liab yog nto moo rau lawv cov teb roj. Hauv thaj av qaum teb-sab hnub poob, nrog rau qhov tob ntawm Siwa thiab Kattara kev nyuaj siab, kuj muaj cov nyiaj kub kub. Tim lyiv teb chaws tsis yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov roj xwb. Minerals nyob rau hauv cov chaw no muaj ntau haiv neeg. Muaj cov khoom siv roj, hlau ore, txhuas, kub, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, tin thiab lwm yam khoom tsis yog xim hlau.

Lub Gulf of Suez muaj npe nrov rau nws cov roj thiab roj phiab. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceebroj thiab roj teb. Vim lawv, niaj hnub tim lyiv teb chaws vam meej. Minerals ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws kev lag luam. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Egypt txoj kev nyem thiab cov ntxhia ua rau lub teb chaws no yog qhov kev kawm ntawm geological.

Tseem tsis muaj xim av thiab tawv tawv hauv lub tebchaws. Cov deposits yog concentrated nyob rau hauv Sinai ceg av qab teb. Tseem muaj deposits ntawm uranium thiab titanium ore. Bakhari cheeb tsam yog nto moo rau qhov concentration ntawm hlau ore. Deposits ntawm manganese ores tau pom nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Khalayib.

Egypt nyiam cov neeg tuaj saib tsis yog nrog lub hnub maj mam thiab cov pyramids. Minerals, lawv cov extraction thiab ntshuam tau nce lub teb chaws kev lag luam.