2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14
Lo lus "Scandinavian lub teb chaws" yog siv los xaiv ib cheeb tsam nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe, koom ua ke Denmark, Norway, Sweden, nrog rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev ywj pheej nyob hauv North Atlantic. Cov no yog Greenland, Faroe Islands, Svalbard, Aland Islands. Ntau tus kws tshaj lij tau sib cav tias nws yuav tsum tau siv los ua ib lub ntsiab lus rau txhua lub tebchaws Nordic (Nordic), suav nrog Finland thiab Iceland. Yog tias peb xav txog thaj chaw nruj, ces tsuas yog Norway, Sweden thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Finland nyob rau ntawm Scandinavian Peninsula. Tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus xws li Fennoscandia. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub teb chaws lub cev thiab thaj chaw uas suav nrog Denmark, Finland, Kola Peninsula thiab Karelia.
Lub tebchaws Scandinavian qhia txog keeb kwm thaum ntxov (xws li Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus), ntsig txog kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev sib raug zoo. Danish, Norwegian thiab Swedish tsim ib qho kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov lus, txhua tus uas suav tias yog kev sib tham sib paub. Yog tias peb tham txog Faroese thiab Icelandic (Island Scandinavian) cov lus, ces lawvtxawv heev ntawm lawv - tej zaum tsuas yog tsuas yog nrog kev zam ntawm qee cov lus qiv los ntawm ib leeg thoob plaws keeb kwm. Greenlandic feem ntau belongs rau pawg Eskimo-Aleut.
Lub npe "Scandinavian lub tebchaws", raws li ntau tus kws sau keeb kwm, yog qhov tshiab. Nws tau coined nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua thib kaum yim raws li ib lo lus rau peb lub nceeg vaj (Denmark, Sweden, Norway) uas qhia txog keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Tab sis nws tau nquag pom nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puas xyoo nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib lub zog hu ua pan-Scandinavism, agitating rau ib lub teb chaws lub tswv yim. Nws tau nrov rau ntau qhov ua tsaug rau zaj nkauj nto moo tsim los ntawm Hans Christian Andersen, uas hais txog cov neeg tsis sib xws. Tus kws sau ntawv nto moo, tom qab nws mus ntsib Sweden, tau los ua tus txhawb nqa ntawm kev txav mus los. Nws xa cov nkauj rau ib tug phooj ywg thiab tau sau tias nws mam li nco dheev paub tias "peb haiv neeg" yog li cas.
Tsuas yog etymologically lub npe "Scandinavian lub teb chaws" yog txuam nrog thaj tsam keeb kwm ntawm Scania, uas nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Sweden. Ob lo lus "Skåne" thiab "Skandinavien" los ntawm Germanic cag "Skað-awjō". Feem coob ntawm Danes, Swedes thiab Norwegians yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm ob peb pawg neeg German uas nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm ceg av qab teb thiab sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Lawv hais ib hom lus German, uas thaum kawg hloov mus rau Old Norse (paub tias yog hom lus sab qaum teb hauv Hnub Nyoog Kawg).
Tseem, txawm tiasCov lus Finnish tsis muaj cov hauv paus ntsiab lus nrog cov lus qub no (nws yog cov pab pawg Finno-Ugric), ib tug yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias Suomi yog keeb kwm thiab kev nom kev tswv nrog tag nrho peb lub teb chaws. Iceland, uas tau koom nrog Norwegians txij li lub xyoo pua kaum ib, thiab tau los ua ib feem ntawm Denmark xyoo 1814, kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm "Scandinavian lub teb chaws".
Qhov tseeb txaus siab los ntawm keeb kwm keeb kwm: ntau dua 500 xyoo muaj kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv txoj cai txawv teb chaws, pib nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm Hygelak, tus kav ntawm Goths tau hais hauv Beoffulf, ntawm Gaul, thiab mus txog rau qhov kev sib tw ua tsis tiav ntawm King Harald III ntawm Norway qhov mob hnyav hauv tebchaws Askiv xyoo 1066. Lwm qhov kev sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv kev tsis lees paub ntawm Catholicism (hauv kev nyiam ntawm Lutheranism) thaum lub sijhawm nws yog tib txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov Western Europe. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov xwm txheej thaum tag nrho lub nceeg vaj ntawm thaj av tau koom ua ke nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tswj hwm - piv txwv li, Knut the Great, Magnus the Good. Qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib koom ua ke yog Kalmar Union. Tus chij daj-liab ntawm lub koomhaum no tseem siv tau qee qhov, yog li kev koom ua ke Scandinavia.
Hnub no, txhua lub tebchaws hauv cheeb tsam tau koom tes nrog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov koomhaum ncig tebchaws, koom tes nrog ntau lub koomhaum (xws li "Scandinavia Ncig Saib") hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb.
Pom zoo:
Puas muaj peev xwm nqa cawv hauv lub nra ntawm lub dav hlau: cov cai thiab cov cai, kev tshuaj xyuas ua ntej ya davhlau thiab rau txim rau kev ua txhaum cai ntawm lub dav hlau
Yog tias koj tab tom npaj yuav nqa ib lub raj mis Fabkis txoj Bordeaux nrog koj los ntawm koj lub sijhawm so, lossis rov ua dua, mus so, koj txiav txim siab noj cov dej qab zib Lavxias ua khoom plig rau koj cov phooj ywg, ces tej zaum koj yuav muaj lus nug : Puas muaj peev xwm nqa cawv rau hauv lub hnab nqa ntawm lub dav hlau? Tsab ntawv yuav pab nrhiav kom paub cov kev cai thiab kev cai rau kev thauj mus los ntawm cov dej cawv ntawm lub dav hlau
Cov pej xeem ntawm Askiv: kab lis kev cai, kab lis kev cai thiab kev xav
England, Great Britain, Foggy Albion… Muaj pes tsawg tus cwj pwm thiab kev xav ntawm cov npe no tshwm sim hauv qee tus neeg! Cov pej xeem ntawm Askiv yog cov neeg tshwj xeeb heev. Consistency, ib tug tej yam mindset, calmness - cov no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm feem coob ntawm cov British
Kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm khaws cia Peterhof Park: piav qhia ntawm lub ntsiab attractions thiab tus nqi
Peterhof Park paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb ua piv txwv ntawm kev kos duab vaj tsev thiab toj roob hauv pes. Qhov chaw nyob luxurious ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsars yog amazing txawm niaj hnub no. Cov kev sib cais ntawm cov complex yog dej cascades thiab cov kwj deg, uas yog vim li cas cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi xav tau mus ncig ntawm no mus ncig ua si hauv lub caij ntuj sov
Bakhchisarai Keeb Kwm thiab Kab lis kev cai Reserve - qhov chaw rau kev kawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm South-Western Crimea
Bakhchisaray keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai khaws cia suav nrog keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai, lub nroog qhov tsua, qhov tsua monasteries, archaeological complexes
Valencia yog lub nroog hauv Spain: kev nyiam, kev ua kis las, kab lis kev cai, kev txheeb xyuas neeg ncig tebchaws
Valencia yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov zej zog tswj hwm thiab xeev ntawm tib lub npe, lub nroog thib peb hauv Spain hais txog cov pej xeem tom qab Madrid thiab Barcelona. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm qhov sib txuam ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm Turia River mus rau hauv Hiav Txwv Mediterranean. Nws yog ib lub nroog nrov heev ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Tsis yog tsis muaj laj thawj ib zaug nws tau hu ua thaj av tau txais koob hmoov los ntawm Moors
