Ntawm tus dej Bystrica, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Poland, yog Lublin Voivodeship, uas nws lub chaw tswj hwm yog lub nroog Lublin. Thawj qhov kev sib hais haum nyob ntawm no thaum ntxov li 600s, txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv hais txog hnub rov qab mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th. Lub nroog tau nplua nuj, txhim kho sai thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias ntau haiv neeg tau npaj los tawm tsam nws tsis yog rau txoj sia, tab sis rau kev tuag, pib nrog cov Lithuanians thiab Prussians thiab xaus nrog Mongols thiab Galician princes. Tab sis Lublin (Poland) tsis mus "khoov" hauv qab cov tub rog yeeb ncuab.
Keeb kwm, lub nroog tseem ceeb rau qhov tseeb tias nws nyob ntawm no hauv 1569 uas kos npe rau Union ntawm Lublin tau tshwm sim - qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm loj tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe tau tshwm sim - Lub Tebchaws. Nws koom Lithuania thiab Poland.
Sights ntawm Lublin nyiam, tej zaum, txhua tus neeg ncig tebchaws uas muaj hmoov zoo tuaj xyuas tebchaws Poland. Qhov no yog lub nroog zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj, nws yog qhov zoo rau taug kev raws nws txoj kev txhua lub sijhawm ntawm hnub. Tab sis tsis txhob pooblub sij hawm nkim sij hawm, koj yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev txaus siab nrog cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev mus saib cov chaw tseem ceeb keeb kwm thiab nthuav mus ncig.
Krakow Gate
Nov yog lub cim ntawm lub nroog, ob qho tib si keeb kwm thiab vaj tse. Lub rooj vag yog nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Lub Nroog Qub. Thaum lub sij hawm Nrab Hnub nyoog, lawv tau ua lub ntsiab nkag mus rau lub nroog, uas tau qhib tshwj xeeb rau cov nom tswv. Lub rooj vag Krakow tau txais nws lub npe vim tias nws faib txoj kev lag luam ntawm Vilnius thiab Krakow. Thiab lawv tau tsim tsa kom muaj zog Lublin tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm Tatars hauv 1341.
Lub rooj vag nws tus kheej tsuas yog qhov txuas hauv lub fortification. Qhov qis (Gothic) yog ua los ntawm cib thiab limestone, thaum lub sab sauv (Renaissance) yog ob-zaj dab neeg cib superstructure nrog oblique qauv. Kuj tseem muaj qhov thib peb, ua hauv Baroque style. Nws yog ib tug pej thuam crowned nrog ib tug tooj liab dome. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub rooj vag txuas ntxiv mus yuav luag peb centuries (1300-1500s). Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau ua haujlwm sab hauv txij li xyoo 1965.
Dominican Monastery
Lub tsev teev ntuj Dominican thiab monastery complex kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Lublin. Qhov no yog lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tau tsa rau ntawm thaj chaw uas nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th lub tsev thov Vajtswv ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Cross nyob. Lub complex muaj ib tug monastery thiab lub Basilica ntawm St. Stanislaus.
Lub tuam tsev dim txoj kev tsim kho thaum kawg ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog, vim nws raug hluav taws kub heev. Architecture nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm perestroika tau ib tug Renaissance saib. Tom qab ntawd kaum ib lub tsev teev ntuj tau maj mam ua tiav. qhov kajKoj tuaj yeem hu lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv, piav txog Kev Txiav Txim Kawg.
Lublin Castle
Thawj cov qauv tiv thaiv tau tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw no nyob rau xyoo pua 12th. Lublin Fortress yog ib tug tiv thaiv phab ntsa nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, uas tom qab ntawd ua ib tug cib pej thuam. Txawm li cas los xij, lub architecture tsis ci ces nrog attractiveness.
Xyoo 1520, lub tsev fuabtais pib rov ua dua. Lub Renaissance style tau xaiv. Italian masters tau koom nrog kev tsim kho thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Thiab lawv tau tswj los tsim ib tug tiag tiag architectural masterpiece. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais no uas kos npe rau ntawm lub Union ntawm Lublin coj qhov chaw.
Maj mam, thaj chaw tau nthuav dav, ua tiav kev tsim kho ntau yam khoom, xws li cellars thiab kaum tsev ntauwd. Tam sim no lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob ntawm no, thiab yog li ntawd cov neeg tuaj saib tuaj yeem qhuas lub tsev neo-Gothic ntawm lub tsev loj cuj qub, Gothic donjon ntauwd thiab cov ruins ntawm cov neeg Yudais.
City Gate
Ntau qhov pom ntawm Lublin nyob hauv Lub Nroog Qub. Cov rooj vag hauv nroog nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm thaj chaw no thiab tseem hu ua cov neeg Yudais. Thaum xub thawj nws yog ib feem ntawm phab ntsa tiv thaiv, raws nraim mus txog 1785. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev tsim kho, uas tau ua dua los ntawm Italian tus tswv Dominico Merlini. Tam sim no nws nyob hauv tsev rau NN Theatre, ib lub koom haum tiv thaiv thaj av cov cuab yeej cuab tam.
Vincentiy Paul's Estate
Vincenty Pohl yog tus kws sau paj huam Polish, kws sau ntawv, tus kws sau keeb kwm thiab tus kws sau keeb kwm. Nws cov vaj tse tau tsim hauv xyoo 1972. Tsevua nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm classicism. Tam sim no lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua haujlwm ntawm no, uas muaj cov ntawv sau ntawm tus tswv cuab, nws cov phau ntawv, kev tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm, rooj tog zaum xyoo pua 19, ntau daim ntawv tshaj tawm thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsev neeg Poley.
Lub Nroog Halls
Lublin muaj Cov Tsev Laus thiab Tshiab Hauv Nroog. Thawj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, ntawm Rynok Square. Txij li thaum 1578, muaj ib lub Tsev Hais Plaub Qib Siab - lub tsev hais plaub siab tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, lub tsev tau rebuilt nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance style, thiab ib puas xyoo tom qab - nyob rau hauv lub Baroque style. Hnub no lub tshoob Palace nyob ntawm no.
Lublin (Poland) tau txais New Town Hall hauv 1828. Qhov no yog lub tsev classicist uas tau raug puas tsuaj thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm reconstruction, lub classic tsos tau khaws cia. Kev txum tim rov pib tsuas yog xyoo 1952 xwb. Tam sim no muaj cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, tus kav nroog chaw ua haujlwm, tub ceev xwm thiab chaw ua haujlwm hauv nroog.
Majdanek
Qhov pom kev txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm Lublin yog tsib ntu ntawm 270 hectares, uas yog hu ua Majdanek. Hitler txoj kev tuag ntawm lub Peb Hlis Reich tau tsim muaj nyob rau xyoo 1941 thiab ua haujlwm txog xyoo 1944. Tsis pub dhau peb lub xyoos, muaj li ntawm 80,000 tus neeg, feem ntau yog cov neeg Yudais, raug tua ntawm no hauv txoj kev phem neeg.
Zoo li Auschwitz (lub Auschwitz concentration thiab extermination camp), nyob rau hauv qhov phem heev. Cov neeg raug yuam ua haujlwm feem ntau ntawm ib hnub, lawv xyaum tsis pub noj, tsis da dej. Kev puas tsuaj hauv cov chav roj tau pib xyoo 1942.
Qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw no yoghu ua "Harvest Festival". Lub SS hu lub ntsiab lus no yog kev tua neeg thiab tom qab hlawv lub cev ntawm ntau dua 18,000 cov neeg Yudais. Nws tsuas siv lawv ib hnub los ua qhov no…
City Tours
Sights ntawm Lublin tuaj yeem tshawb pom ntawm koj tus kheej lossis koj tuaj yeem siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm phau ntawv qhia. Ib yam li lwm lub nroog ncig tebchaws, nrhiav lub rooj ncig saib ntawm no tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Tab sis kev taug kev nrog ib tus kws tshaj lij yuav tig tawm kom khaus thiab nthuav. Raws li txoj cai, qhov kev mus ncig ua si suav nrog kev mus ntsib:
- open-air museum (Lublin lub zos);
- botanical vaj;
- Saxon Park;
- pawg ntseeg Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv, Tsoom Haiv Neeg Ntseeg Petus thiab Povlauj thiab Vajtswv Leej Niam uas muaj yeej;
- Old Theatre;
- Npis Sov Palace.
Thiab, tau kawg, cov attractions uas tau teev saum toj no. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev ncig xyuas ntiag tug mus xyuas tsuas yog cov chaw uas cov neeg ncig tebchaws xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv taug kev los ntawm tsheb npav lossis taug kev.
