Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm thaj av Hiav Txwv Dub thiab Asia Me tau ua si los ntawm cov neeg Scythians kav ntawm no tau ntau pua xyoo. Nyob hauv thaj chaw no txij li xyoo pua 7 BC. e. mus rau xyoo pua 3 AD e., lawv tau tso tseg ntau ntawm keeb kwm monuments, suav nrog Scythian Naples.
Keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm Scythians
Cov xeem uas nyob rau thawj txhiab xyoo BC. Nyob hauv ib thaj chaw loj heev los ntawm Altai mus rau Danube, nyob rau xyoo pua 7 BC. e. tsiv mus rau Northern Dub hiav txwv cheeb tsam thiab steppes ntawm Crimea, qhov twg Scythian Naples nyob. Cov Greeks thaum ub hu cov neeg no tias yog Scythians.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog leej twg cov Scythians tseem tab tom ua. Raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, lawv yog cov neeg hauv paus txawm nyob hauv cheeb tsam Hiav Txwv Dub, lwm tus qhia cov version tias cov pab pawg no tuaj ntawm no los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm niaj hnub Iran.
Ntawm ntau cov lus dab neeg txog keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg no, sau los ntawm Herodotus thaum mus ntsib Scythia hauv xyoo pua 5 BC. e., tsuas yog ib qho uas nws kho nrog kev ntseeg siab. Nws hais tias cov Nomadic Scythians, khiav tsov rog nrog Massagetae, tawm Asia thiab so haujlwm mus rau Cimmerian av.
Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm lwm cov dab neeg, txawm tias lawv qhov xwm txheej zoo heev, koj tuaj yeem kawm tau ntau yam nthuav. Bulls, nees, plow thiab ib tug quab hais nyob rau hauv lawv qhia hais tias cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm Scythians yog nyuj yug me nyuam thiab ua liaj ua teb. Ntau qhov archaeological nrhiav pom qhov no.
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim thawj lub koom haum Scythian xeev, lub peev, uas nyob rau ntawm Dnieper, tau tsiv mus rau Scythian Naples. Crimea, vim nws qhov chaw, tau yooj yim dua ob qho tib si tub rog thiab kev lag luam.
Lub peev ntawm Scythians
Tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 3 BC e., Scythian Naples nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Simferopol tam sim no, ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm txhua txoj kev lag luam, yog li kev koom ua ke tag nrho cov chaw nyob ntawm lub xeev Scythian. Lub nroog tau suav hais tias yog lub peev ntawm Scythians lig, yog qhov chaw lag luam thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Raws li kev tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm monument no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau los xaus tias cov neeg Scythians lig muaj lawv tus kheej txoj kev nom kev tswv thiab kab lis kev cai, cuam tshuam los ntawm Greeks thiab Sarmatians.
Lub sijhawm huab tais Skilur nyob rau xyoo pua 2 BC. e. Lub xeev tau mus txog qhov kawg. Txawm hais tias muaj kev tsov rog ntau nrog Greek lub nroog colonial, Scythian Naples tseem yog lub nroog tseem ceeb ntawm lub xeev rau rau centuries. Thawj qhov ua tsis tiav tau tshwm sim rau nws hauv 110-109 BC. e., thaum lub sij hawm kav ntawm Skilur tus tub, uas tau nqis mus rau hauv keeb kwm raws li ib tug tsis tau tiav commander. Lub nroog raug rhuav tshem tag nrho thiab hlawv los ntawm Diophantus, tab sis dhau sijhawm nws tau rov qab los.
Naples thaum kawg raug rhuav tshem thaum lub sijhawm tawm tsam ntawm Goths nyob rau xyoo pua 3 AD. e. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lub eraKev sib tw ntawm Svyatoslav ntawm Kyiv (10th caug xyoo), lub nroog tau teeb tsa.
Lub tsev nta
Scythian Naples tau nyob hauv txoj hauv kev uas cov kab tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau tsim tshwj xeeb los ntawm sab qab teb, txij li lub nroog tau ntseeg tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ntuj thaiv los ntawm lwm sab. Cov pob tsuas siab tau sawv nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj, thiab ib txoj kab sib sib zog nqus tiv thaiv lub peev los ntawm sab hnub poob.
Npaj rau ntawm 20 hectares ntawm thaj av, lub nroog muaj thaj chaw ua lag luam loj nyob hauv nruab nrab uas tau ua lag luam. Muaj peb lub rooj vag rau kev nkag: sab hnub poob, sab hnub tuaj thiab nruab nrab (rau kev yeej ntawm vaj ntxwv). Muaj rau lub tsev tiv thaiv nyob ib puag ncig, uas muaj 8 meters saum toj no cov tsev. Lub nroog tau muaj neeg nyob suav nrog kev koom nrog hauv chav kawm: cov tub rog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, cov nom tswv nyob rau sab hnub poob, thiab Tauris yooj yim nyob rau sab nrauv.
Kev faus rau hauv kev sib hais haum kuj tau ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hais saum toj no. Cov nom tswv tau muab faus rau hauv cov nplua nuj crypts, qee zaum txawm nrog cov tub qhe thiab cov khoom hauv tsev. Cov neeg pluag tau muab qhov chaw faus rau sab nrauv.
Achaeological excavations
Tom qab Crimea tau koom nrog Russia hauv xyoo pua 18th, kev tsim kho ntawm Simferopol pib. Cov neeg tsim tsev coj cov khoom ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev qub.
Vim qhov tseeb tias ib zaug ib tus neeg nyob hauv zos, uas pom cov phiaj xwm nrog cov ntawv Greek thaum ub, tig mus rau tus thawj coj ntawm Kerch Tsev khaws puav pheej Blaramberg, kev khawb av tau pib. Ntawm lwm yam, thaum lub sij hawm excavations, ib tug nyem uas piav txog King Skilur thiab nws tus tub tau pom.
Kev tshawb fawb Archaeological txuas ntxivmus txog rau lub kiv puag ncig. Ob peb lub crypts, qhov seem ntawm lub tsev nrog cov pits hauv tsev, thiab cov khoom muag ntau tau pom.
Nyob rau hauv lub lig 40s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ua tsaug rau loj-scale excavations, historians nrhiav tau lub Skilur mausoleum, qhov chaw faus neeg ntawm Scythian nobility. Cov khoom qub uas tsis muaj nqi tau pom ntawm no, uas tau ntxiv cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Moscow thiab St. Petersburg.
Scythian Naples hnub no
Txawm hais tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig keeb kwm thiab qhov tsis sib xws, Scythian Naples, tau ntev tsis tau txais kev saib xyuas, yog … ib qho chaw pov tseg hauv zos. Tsuas yog xyoo 2011 nws tau dhau los ua keeb kwm khaws cia thiab tau txais kev tiv thaiv los ntawm txoj cai los ntawm kev khawb thiab kev tsim kho tsis raug cai.
Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov seem me me ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab niaj hnub no. Lub ruins ntawm sab qab teb phab ntsa, lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev thiab lub Skiur mausoleum muaj nyob rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Tsuas yog ua tsaug rau cov lus qhia uas koj tuaj yeem xav tias lub neej nyob hauv lub nroog qub no li cas.
hmoov zoo, kev khawb av txuas ntxiv mus. Txog niaj hnub no, tsuas yog ib feem nees nkaum tau kawm, yog li txoj hlua loj ntawm kev tshawb pom tseem tsis tau los. Mus ncig ua si rau Scythian Naples, koj tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev yos hav zoov cov khoom muaj nqis hauv qhov chaw cia.
Yuav ua li cas mus txog qhov ntawd
Scythian Naples (duab nthuav tawm hauv kab lus) nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob: Simferopol, st. Archaeological, 1. Koj tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm no los ntawm ib qho ntawm ntau txoj kev thauj mus los rau pej xeem. Tau mus txog Tarabukina Street, koj yuav tau taug kev mus rau Archaeological Street hauv ob peb feeb xwb.
Koj tuaj yeem mus los ntawm lub nroog chaw nres tsheb npav raws Vorovskogo Street mus rau Napoliskaya. Nyob ntawd, tsis deb ntawm tus dej, muaj ib txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem nce toj siab. Nws yog los ntawm no uas koj tuaj yeem pom zoo tshaj plaws ob lub nroog tseem ceeb ntawm Scythians lig thiab lub nroog niaj hnub ntawm Crimea.
