Cov txheej txheem:
2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14
Pom dab tsi hauv Afghanistan, hauv lub tebchaws uas muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los yos rov qab mus rau kev tsim lub tebchaws Persian? Qee qhov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub xeev tau hais hauv cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm los ntawm cov sijhawm ntawd. Tab sis ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau ua rau lub teb chaws tsis ruaj khov nyob rau hauv, kuj ua rau tsis zoo rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Ntau qhov pom ntawm Afghanistan tau rov qab los. Tam sim no lawv qhib rau pej xeem. Xav txog qhov pom ntawm Afghanistan raws li kev txheeb xyuas neeg ncig tebchaws.
Babur Gardens
Ib qho chaw nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Afghanistan tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th thiab nyob hauv lub nroog Afghanistan, Kabul, nrog cov pejxeem ntawm 4 lab tus tib neeg. Lub vaj Babur tau ua rau ntawm lub qhov ntxa ntawm tus huab tais loj Babur, uas tau suav tias yog leej txiv ntawm Mughal dynasty. Lub vaj yog lub pyramid ntawm 15 terraces. Lub qhov ntxa nws tus kheej yog nyob rau hauv qhib huab cua ntawm lub 14th terrace. Nws yog ua los ntawm dawb marble puag ncig nws nrog ib phab ntsa.
Lub xyoo pua 20th yog qhov zoo nkauj battered Babur Gardens, tab sis 2002 yog xyoo ntawm kev txhawb siab. Ministry of Culture ntawm Afghanistan, raws lintawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog Askiv-tus kws kos duab Charles Masson, ua haujlwm raws li nws cov lus piav qhia, sib xws rau xyoo pua 19th. 1842 coj kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm av qeeg, lub vaj rov qab los, tab sis twb rebuilt rau saj ntawm tus kav Amir Abdurahman Khan. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub vaj tau hloov pauv ntau yam ntawm nws qhov qub tsos: tus poj huab tais Palace thiab lub hauv paus pavilion tau tsim.
Tsov rog xyoo 1979-1989 ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub tiaj ua si: ntau lub tsev raug rhuav tshem thiab ntoo raug txiav. Tsis ntev los no, xyoo 2011, Babur Gardens tau kho dua tshiab thiab hloov mus ua chaw ua si pej xeem.
Balkh
Lub nroog Balkh, aka Vazirabad, suav hais tias yog ib lub nroog loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb Ancient. Qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog yog qhov zoo heev piv rau lwm lub tebchaws. Es tsis txhob pob zeb suab puam thiab roob, fertile teb kis ntawm no. Vazirabad yog suav tias yog thawj lub nroog tsim los ntawm Indo-Aryans. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, Balkh ci ntsa iab nrog mosques thiab Buddhist monasteries. Twb yog lub sijhawm txoj kev vam meej ntawm txoj kev Silk Road, cov pejxeem ntawm lub nroog yog 1 lab tus tib neeg.
Txawm tias muaj kev nyiag los ntawm cov neeg Arab nyob rau xyoo 5-6th AD, Timur thiab Mughals, Marco Polo tau hais txog nws tias yog "lub nroog loj thiab tsim nyog." XVI-XIX centuries Lub nroog raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm peb lub xeev: Persia, Afghanistan thiab Bukhara Khanate. Tab sis nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog, qhov no nyob deb ntawm nplooj kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Lub xyoo pua 20th tsuas tshuav ib lub mosque thiab ib feem ntawm lub fortress phab ntsa ntawm lub nroog los ntawm cov vaj tse ntawm ancient sij hawm.
Jam minaret
Lwm qhov chaw nthuav hauv Afghanistan yog 65-meter minaret. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog qhov tsis muaj qhov chaw loj nyob hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm ob peb kilometers. Lub Gurdian sultan Giyaz-ad-Din tau tswj xyuas lub tsev zoo li no thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th. Lub tsev cim kev yeej ntawm Ghaznavids. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog raug rho tawm haujlwm cib, uas zoo kawg nkaus khaws cov duab kos thiab nqes ntawm Kaulees ntawm lub minaret rau hnub no.
Tseem muaj versions tias minaret yog tib lub tsev ntawm lub nroog qub uas tau muaj sia nyob mus txog hnub no. Lub nroog, raws li kev xav, tau ris lub npe "Blue City" thiab raug rhuav tshem los ntawm Mongols nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Genghis Khan nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th. Txij thaum ntawd los, qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog tau tsis nco qab txog yuav luag 700 xyoo. Tus kws sau keeb kwm Askiv Askiv Thomas Holdich tau tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv rov qab.
Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, nws muaj peev xwm rov hais dua cov qauv ntawm lub neej nyob hauv nroog. Cov duab los ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev kawm ntawm struts qhia qhov ntxeev. Thaj chaw yog qhov nyuaj rau kev nkag mus thiab tsis ruaj khov vim qhov xwm txheej geological thiab tsis tuaj yeem lav tag nrho lub nroog nrog palaces thiab mosques. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 43 ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, thawj cov duab ntawm Jam minaret tau raug coj mus, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, thawj tsab ntawv keeb kwm tau sau. Lub minaret tau sau rau hauv UNESCO World Heritage List hauv 2002.
Hindukush Toj siab
Koj tuaj yeem pom ntau qhov pom ntawm Afghanistan hauv daim duab hauv ntau phau ntawv teev npe. Piv txwv li, lub roob Hindu Kush. Lawv nto moo rau lawv cov roob sib npaug,ncav cuag qhov siab tshaj 7500 meters. Cov neeg nyob hauv cov zos me siv feem ntau ntawm lawv lub neej sib nrug ntawm lwm tus. Koj tuaj yeem txav mus rau qhov chaw, yog tias cov daus melts, tso txoj kev hla mus.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab mus xyuas thaj chaw no ntawm Afghanistan, nws yuav nyuaj rau koj piav qhia txog kev zoo nkauj ntawm roob. Nws tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia txog qhov txaus ntshai nyob hauv lawv. Ntau qhov av qeeg nrog lub amplitude ntawm 5-6 ntsiab lus, avalanches thiab rockfalls ua rau Hindu Kush qhov chaw txaus ntshai heev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog Tirichmir, los yog "King of Darkness", raws li cov neeg hauv zos hu nws. Txhua yam tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias los ntawm sab Vakhanov lub roob txoj kab nqes ib txwm nyob hauv nws tus duab ntxoov ntxoo. Cov dej ntws ntawm Kabul thiab Indus tuaj ntawm no. Tus thawj muab lub npe rau lub peev ntawm lub teb chaws.
Kawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi txog qhov pom ntawm Afghanistan, lossis es hais txog cov roob no, ib tus yuav tsum hais txog ib qho kev tsim vaj tsev - lub qhov Salang, ua txoj cai hauv pob zeb. Yog xav tau, cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem tuaj yeem mus xyuas lub qhov tsua pob zeb ntawm cov hauj sam cov hauj sam nyob rau hauv lub hav ntawm Tejen River.
YDar ul-Aman Palace
Nruab nrab ntawm xyoo 1920 tau cim rau Afghanistan los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm Dar ul-Aman palace, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho uas German architects tau koom nrog. Lub palace cim kev ywj pheej ntawm huab tais Amanullah. Xyoo 1919, kev ua haujlwm tau pib ntawm kev txhim kho thaj chaw tshiab - sab qab teb hnub poob ntawm Kabul tam sim no. Nws yog thawj zaug npaj los tsim 70 lub tsev nyob rau hauv European style, thiab peb xyoos tom qab qhov project tau pom zoo los ntawm huab tais tshiab.
Hauv xya xyoo, tsuas yog ob lub tsev tau tsim, ib qho yog Dar ul-Aman. Ib xyoos tom qab, kev tsim kho tau raug tso tseg vim kev rhuav tshem ntawm Amanullah. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem, lub palace raug tawm tsam los ntawm hnyav mortar phom ntawm cov Mujahideen. Lub sijhawm no, nws tau ua haujlwm rau cov tub rog Soviet nrog rau Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog ntawm DRA. Tsis ntev tas los no, ib txoj kev npaj rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub palace tau pom zoo. Tsoom fwv tam sim no xav qhia txog kev xav kom rov tsim kev ywj pheej thiab lub teb chaws tag nrho.
Juma Mosque
Dab tsi pom hauv Afghanistan yog Juma Mosque majestic. Nws nyob hauv ib lub nroog hu ua Herat. Lub tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 10th rau cov neeg Muslims hauv zos uas subjugated cov cheeb tsam hauv zos, tab sis ib puas xyoo tom qab nws raug hlawv. Cov lus dab neeg raug khi rau qhov hluav taws kub no uas ib tug dervish nyob hauv ib lub tsev teev ntuj, tsuas muaj ob lub kua muag, tswj kom tua hluav taws. Tab sis nws lig dhau lawm, Juma Mosque tig mus rau tshauv.
Tom qab 2 centuries, nws tau tsa nyob rau hauv nws lub koob meej qub. Alisher Navoi nws tus kheej tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim lub thaj neeb, nws yog nws uas tau muab peb lub mosque niaj hnub raws li peb paub niaj hnub no. Lawv feem ntau yeej tsis tuaj txog peb, tab sis tsuas yog lub portal nrog cov ntawv sau zoo nkauj. Ib zaug ntxiv, ntau kev tsov rog ua si lawv lub luag haujlwm, uas thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th tau tso ib pawg pob zeb los ntawm lub thaj neeb. Hmoov zoo, txhua yam tau rov qab los: kho kom zoo nkauj, phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, thiab cov xwm txheej sab hauv loj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau ntau tshaj 5,000 Muslims.
Zoo kawg
Nyeem cov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg uas tau mus xyuas lub tebchaws no, koj tuaj yeem ua taukom xaus tias Afghanistan yuav txaus siab rau cov neeg uas nyiam keeb kwm ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj, architecture. Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi yuav mus xyuas Afghanistan thiab pom ua ntej nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam kev coj noj coj ua tau qhia kom npaj lawv txoj kev taug mus kom zoo. Koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov xov xwm tshiab los ntawm cov cheeb tsam koj npaj yuav mus xyuas. Tsoom fwv tam sim no tsis tswj hwm thaj chaw loj hauv lub tebchaws.
Pom zoo:
Sights of Soligorsk: yees duab thiab piav qhia, cov lus qhia zoo tshaj ua ntej koj mus ntsib
Koj puas paub txog Soligorsk hauv Belarus? Raws li txoj cai, cov nroog loj heev, xws li Minsk, Mogilev lossis Brest, tau hnov los ntawm feem coob; cov uas me me feem ntau tsis mloog. Lub caij no, Salihorsk tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas no, thiab yog li peb yuav qhia txog nws hnub no
Sights of Ples: yees duab thiab piav qhia, keeb kwm, nthuav tseeb thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws
Plyos yog ib lub nroog me me hauv Lavxias nyob hauv thaj av Volga. Nws suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw ncig tebchaws tseem ceeb ntawm thaj av Ivanovo. Nws yog nyob rau sab xis-bank toj ntawm lub Volga ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej Shokhonka. Kaum yim kilometers ntawm qhov chaw no yog lub nroog ntawm Privolzhsk
Sights of Limassol, Cyprus: yees duab thiab piav qhia, pom dab tsi, nthuav qhov chaw thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi
Limassol yog qhov chaw uas neeg mus ncig ua si nrov. Lub nroog nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm cov kob ntawm Cyprus, uas tau ntxuav los ntawm Hiav Txwv Mediterranean. Qhov no yog ib tug loj loj kev cai, keeb kwm thiab economic chaw ntawm cov kob. Nws yog lub nroog thib ob loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj thiab cov pejxeem. Lub infrastructure yog zoo tsim nyob rau hauv no. Muaj qhov nthuav sights, keeb kwm monuments. Zoo li lub hiav txwv sov thiab cov xuab zeb ntug hiav txwv dej
Sights ntawm Rio de Janeiro: yees duab thiab piav qhia, tshuaj xyuas ntawm qhov chaw txaus nyiam tshaj plaws, cov lus qhia ua ntej mus ntsib thiab tshuaj xyuas cov neeg ncig tebchaws
Npau ntawm cov teb chaws Europe paub? Xav ntau kab txawv, tab sis Asia tsis nyiam? Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws hauv qhov xwm txheej no yog mus rau South America. Muaj ntau qhov chaw zoo nkauj nyob rau sab av loj no uas tsim nyog mus ntsib, tab sis lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb thiab tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev ncaws pob yog Brazil nrog lub chaw tswj hwm zoo nkauj ntawm lub xeev muaj npe ntawm Rio de Janeiro
Sights of Tbilisi: yees duab thiab piav qhia, keeb kwm thiab nthuav tseeb, cov lus qhia ua ntej mus ntsib thiab tshuaj xyuas cov neeg ncig tebchaws
Lub nroog niaj hnub ntawm Georgia yog lub nroog nrog ntau dua 15 centuries keeb kwm. Nws cia li sau tag nrho cov sijhawm uas nws dhau mus, thiab khov rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov vaj tsev monuments, nyob rau hauv lub ruins ntawm ancient palaces thiab nyob rau hauv greenery ntawm xwm uas enveloped tag nrho cov no
