Alexandria, Tim lyiv teb chaws: txheej txheem cej luam, duab nrog cov lus piav qhia, pom, qhov tseeb nthuav dav thiab kev txheeb xyuas neeg ncig tebchaws

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Alexandria hauv tebchaws Iziv yog lub nroog loj thib ob hauv tebchaws. Qhov chaw nyob yog nyob 225 mais ntawm lub nroog ntawm lub xeev Cairo. Lub nroog muaj ntau yam Mediterranean ntau dua li sab hnub tuaj. Nws yog ancient heev thiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv 332 BC. Txog niaj hnub no, cov txheej txheem qub qub tau khaws cia. Thiab cov no yog cov kab ntev thiab meej ntawm txoj kev loj, uas nyob rau tib lub sijhawm mus rau ntug hiav txwv hiav txwv. Txoj kev uas tseem tshuav tsis ntev thiab sib tshuam ntawm txoj cai kaum.

Thaj chaw muaj npe nrov rau nws cov ntug hiav txwv zoo nkauj thiab dawb (dhau 32 mais), lub caij ntuj no me me thiab qhov xwm txheej nkauj xwb.

Geography thiab kev nyab xeeb

Lub teb chaws yog ib feem nyob rau sab qaum teb teb chaws Africa thiab ib feem ntawm Sinai Peninsula (Asia). Kwv yees li 96% ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub xeev yog cov suab puam, thiab 4% ntxiv yog lub hav Nile.

Kev nyab xeeb hauv nroog Alexandria yog tus cwj pwm zoo li Mediterranean. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, nws los nag me ntsis nrog qhov nruab nrab kub ntawm +16qib. Lub caij ntuj sov yog kub, nrog kub ntawm +30 degrees. Lub caij kub tshaj plaws yog lub Xya Hli mus txog rau lub Cuaj Hli, lub caij no yuav luag tsis muaj nag los.

History

Lub nroog Alexandria hauv tebchaws Iziv yog thaj chaw qub uas tsim muaj xyoo 332 BC. Txawm hais tias ntau qhov chaw muab pov thawj tsis sib haum xeeb txog lub xyoo lub nroog tau tsim.

Raws li ib qho version, nws yog Alexander lub Great uas kos cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib hais haum nrog cov nplej nplej, vim nws tsis muaj chalk ntawm tes. Tom qab ntawd cov noog tuaj yeem ua raws li cov tswv yim no, pecking ntawm yuav luag tag nrho cov nplej, uas tau suav tias yog xov xwm zoo, uas yog, lub nroog yuav vam meej.

Tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm Alexandria tau ntev yog lub peev ntawm lub xeev Iyiv. Nws nyob ntawm no tias tag nrho sab ntsuj plig lub neej yog concentrated. Los ntawm lub nroog no pib kev ntseeg ntawm tag nrho lub tebchaws thiab kev tsim txom tib lub sijhawm ntawm Orthodox.

Tam sim no xyoo pua 7, lub nroog poob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Arabs. Txij thaum ntawd los, kev poob qis tau pib. Qhov thib ob heyday tuaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Muhammad Ali tau ua tiav hauv kev txuas lub nroog mus rau Nile los ntawm kev tsim Mahmudiya kwj dej. Txog niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam monuments ntawm Muslim thiab ancient kab lis kev cai.

kev lom zem

Alexandria hauv tebchaws Iziv yog ntau lub monuments, thiab ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog Foros Lighthouse. Yog lawm, tsis muaj dab tsi tseem tshuav ntawm lub tsev loj no txij li xyoo pua 3 BC. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 2015, cov tub ceev xwm Egyptian tau txiav txim siab tsim lub tsev teeb pom kev zoo rau ntawm qhov chaw keeb kwm. Qhov thib ob attraction uas qhuas lub nroog rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb noLub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Alexandria. Cov nyiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv tau ploj hauv xyoo 273 AD, tom qab ntawd cov seem raug plundered thiab hlawv. Xyoo 2002, tau tsim lub tsev qiv ntawv tshiab.

Alexandrian Library

Hnub no nws yog ib lub tsev uas niaj hnub tsim nyob rau xyoo 2002. Tseeb tiag, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog keeb kwm ntawm Alexandria hauv tebchaws Iziv yam tsis muaj nyiaj ntau ntawm cov ntawv sau tes. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv no uas cov ntawv sau ntawm sages los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv ntau hom lus thiab sau nyob rau hauv txawv lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm civilization. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov hauj lwm yog kiag li dawb rau cov nplua nuj thiab cov neeg pluag. Tag nrho cov nuj nqis rau kev saib xyuas lub tsev qiv ntawv tau them los ntawm lub xeev cov nyiaj txiag. Tau ntau pua xyoo dhau los, kev sau cov ntawv sau tau dim ntau qhov hluav taws kub, thiab vim li ntawd, yuav luag tag nrho cov haujlwm raug rhuav tshem.

Lub tsev qiv ntawv niaj hnub no tseem muaj cov ntawv sau loj thiab tsis muaj nqi, thiab cov phab ntsa tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov lus los ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse thaum ub. Txawm tias cov nyiaj niaj hnub no muaj ntau dua 500 txhiab phau ntawv, uas yog qhib nkag, thiab ntau dua 7.5 lab ua haujlwm hauv kev khaws cia.

Raws li cov neeg ncig tebchaws, qhov no yog kev lom zem rau txhua tus.

Anfushi Quarter

Nws nyob hauv qhov chaw no uas koj tuaj yeem kawm paub tias Alexandria zoo li cas hauv tebchaws Iziv. Qhov no yog qhov chaw faus neeg ntawm ancient rulers. Tag nrho cov tombs yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb uas ancient inscriptions yog carved. Cov neeg uas tsis muaj kev ntseeg tsis tuaj yeem tsuas saib lub qhov ntxa ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis kuj mus rau hauv qhov ntxhab.ntaiv nqes.

Raws li cov neeg taug kev, koj yuav tsum tseem nqis mus, qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab qub qub ntawm cov vajtswv ntawm phab ntsa. Thiab ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub qhov ntxa tseem ceeb muaj ob lub sphinxes zov lawv. Raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, ib tus huab tais nto moo tau faus ntawm no, tab sis tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb pom tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb.

Lub quarter nws tus kheej yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab tshwj xeeb. Muaj ntau lub tsev noj mov thiab cafes uas koj tuaj yeem noj mov qab thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, pheej yig.

Royal Jewels Museum

Yog tias koj tuaj rau tim lyiv teb chaws, mus rau Alexandria, ces koj yuav tsum mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej no. Nws nyob hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev qub qub, uas muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm cov neeg qub qub tshaj plaws uas tau nyob hauv thaj chaw no.

Lub tsev nws tus kheej yog qhov chaw nthuav dav, vim nws npog thaj tsam li plaub square kilometers. Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kawg nkaus ci tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov phab ntsa nrog kev sib haum xeeb thiab txawm tias kho kom zoo nkauj. Muaj ntau dua 11 txhiab qhov khoom pov thawj ntawm no, qee qhov uas tsis muaj nqi kiag li.

Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus xyuas thaum sawv ntxov, thaum lub hnub xyaum "ua si" nrog txhua lub pob zeb thiab zoo li tias tag nrho cov jewels tuaj rau txoj sia.

Kom ash-Shawkafa catacombs

Nov yog lwm qhov chaw nyiam ntawm lub nroog Alexandria hauv tebchaws Iziv, uas tsis tas yuav nco. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo tias cov faus neeg hauv av hauv Roman tau tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig xyoo pua 2 AD. Cov no yog ntau li peb theem ntawm kev faus. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawmHnub no, ob lub hauv qab yog dej nyab.

Yuav kom nqes mus, koj yuav tsum nqes mus rau ib tug kauv staircase mus rau qhov tob ntawm 30 meters. Tom qab ntawd txoj kev ntev thiab nqaim pib, nyob rau hauv txoj kev muaj cov chav nrog niches qhov chaw burial urns. Kev pam tuag ib zaug tau tuav hauv thawj chav rau sab laug ntawm lub hauv paus rotunda.

Txhua lub tsev teev ntuj tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov ntawv sau thiab kos duab, thiab qhov nkag yog "tiv thaiv" los ntawm Anubis thiab tus zaj nrog lub taub hau ntawm tus dev lossis tus liab, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov teeb meem no tseem cuam tshuam. Qee tus neeg raug faus rau hauv qhov dej tshwj xeeb, thiab qee qhov - hauv txoj kev hauv tsev, hauv cov pob zeb.

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws uas paub txog hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab tias haiv neeg twg raug faus rau ntawm no, muaj cov ntseeg, Greek thiab Roman. Txhua yam sib xyaw hnyav heev.

Al-Mursi Abu-l-Abbas Mosque

Lub mosque no suav tias yog qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws tsis yog hauv nroog Alexandria hauv tebchaws Iyiv nkaus xwb, tab sis thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws nyob hauv tib lub quarter ntawm Anfushi. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XIV. Nyob rau hauv ntau centuries, lub tsev twb rebuilt thiab replaned ntau zaus, yog li nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los hais tias nws zoo nkaus li zoo ib yam li thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub mosque yog 23 meters siab, thiab lub minaret loj tshaj plaws yog 73 meters siab.

Raws li cov neeg taug kev, yog tias koj tab tom npaj mus ntsib kev ywj pheej, tom qab ntawd hauv kev tshawb nrhiav lub mosque, tsom mus rau Kite Bay fortress thiab Palm Alley.

Kait Bay Fortress

Tau kawg, ib zaug hauv Alexandria (Egypt), koj yuav tsum tau mus xyuas lub fortress no. nwsmajestic thiab zoo kawg nkaus sawv cev ntawm architecture ntawm lub xyoo pua XV. Lub fortress tau tsa thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Sultan Kutbey. Tab sis qhov nthuav tshaj plaws yog tias lub tsev tau tsim tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw uas lub Lighthouse ntawm Alexandria ib zaug flaunted.

Rest

Tab sis lub caij so hauv Alexandria (Egypt) tsis yog tsuas yog mus saib thiab pom. Qhov no yog lwm lub sijhawm los so kom sov lub hnub sov ntawm ntug hiav txwv dej, uas npog ntau tshaj 30 mais. Lub nroog nws tus kheej yog qhov niaj hnub tshaj plaws thiab Europeanized nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tim lyiv teb chaws tom qab Cairo.

Qhov nrov tshaj plaws hauv lub nroog no yog lub puam "Sidi Abdel Rahman". Ntawm no, nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, muaj villas thiab tsev so, thiab lub puam nws tus kheej yog nyob rau hauv lub bay, qhov twg dej hiav txwv yog txawv txawv sov thiab ntshiab. So yog haum rau cov me nyuam, raws li qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob mus rau hauv hiav txwv yog maj mam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog xuab zeb, maj mam thiab zoo nkauj, los ntawm Egyptian pyramids tuaj yeem ua pwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov, qhov no kuj tau lees paub los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, tias tag nrho cov ntug hiav txwv dej hauv qhov chaw ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv yog cov tsev so, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem ua luam dej ntawm no xwb.

Agami Beach thiab Hannoville

Ob lub ntug hiav txwv no kuj yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov ntug dej hiav txwv. Lawv nyob deb li ib mais deb. Lub infrastructure yog zoo tsim nyob rau hauv no. Tsis deb ntawm Hannoville yog lwm qhov nrov Sidi Kreir puam. Qhov no yuav luag 3 km ntawm cov xuab zeb purest, txawm tias qhov nkag ntawm no tau them nyiaj. Raws li cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txuag nyiaj yog tias koj xav so so los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Lawm, qhov no tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm ntug hiav txwv dej uas koj tuaj yeem ua taunyob zoo os.

nyob qhov twg

Muaj ntau lub tsev so hauv Alexandria hauv Egypt. Thiab rau txhua qhov saj thiab nyiaj txiag, los ntawm tsib lub hnub qub tsev so rau hostels.

Ib lub npe nrov tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog Sheraton Montazah, lub tsev so tsib lub hnub qub zoo tsim nyog. Qhov no yog kaum tsib-zaj tsev nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm lub nroog puam. Txawm tias Lavxias teb sab neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi tsuas yog pom zoo txog lub tsev so no. Muaj tag nrho cov xwm txheej rau lub caij so so. Noj tshais buffet.

Tab sis hauv tebchaws Iziv, hauv Alexandria, muaj qhov chaw uas cov neeg ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem xav zoo.

The Transit Alexandria hostel nrov heev. Ntawm no, rau me ntsis nyiaj, koj tuaj yeem tau txais yuav luag txhua yam kev mob uas yuav tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev so zoo. Muaj chav ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab chav ua noj. Koj tuaj yeem nyob nrog menyuam yaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj chaw rau cov neeg haus luam yeeb nyob. Tus nqi ntawm kev pab yog kwv yees li 15 las ib hnub (kwv yees li 900 rubles).

Naturally, qhov no yog piav raws li huab. Lub nroog muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv tus nqi nruab nrab qhov chaw noj tshais, thiab cov tsev so nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, hauv plawv nroog thiab sab nrauv, qhov twg cov neeg tuaj ncig ntawm txhua lub hnab nyiaj yuav nrhiav chaw nyob.

Egypt thiab lub nroog Alexandria yog lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb los ua ke mus ntsib cov chaw qub nrog rau hnub so zoo nkauj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, kom nkag siab hauv lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev zoo nkauj thiab keeb kwm muaj nqis ntawm lub nroog thiab lub tebchawstej zaum yuav tsis ua hauj lwm, koj yuav tau tuaj ntawm no ob peb zaug.