Nyob teb chaws Australia, keeb kwm ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub teb chaws

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Hnub no, feem ntau ntawm Australia cov pejxeem yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw uas tuaj txog hauv lub tebchaws no nyob rau xyoo 19th thiab 20th, feem ntau yog los ntawm Scotland, England thiab Ireland.

Cov neeg hauv tebchaws Australia yog Australian Aboriginals, Tasmanians thiab Torres Strait Islanders. Peb pawg no yog qhov pom kev sib txawv thiab muaj kev sib txawv ntawm lawv.

Cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv tau pib nyob hauv tebchaws Australia xyoo 1788. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv, ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Sydney niaj hnub no, thawj pawg ntawm exiles tsaws, thiab thawj qhov chaw ntawm Port Jackson tau tsim. Cov neeg tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm tebchaws Askiv pib tuaj txog ntawm no tsuas yog xyoo 1820, thaum yug yaj pib tsim hauv lub tebchaws. Thaum kub tau pom nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws, cov pejxeem ntawm Australia yuav luag peb npaug ntawm 1851 txog 1861 vim yog cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm tebchaws Askiv thiab lwm lub tebchaws thiab mus txog 1 lab tus tib neeg.

Rau 60 xyoo, txij xyoo 1839 txog 1900, cov pejxeem hauv tebchaws Australia tau loj hlob ntau dua 18 txhiab tus neeg German uas nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub tebchaws; los ntawm 1890 nwsyog pawg neeg thib ob ntawm lub teb chaws tom qab British. Lawv suav nrog kev tsim txom Lutherans, cov neeg tawg rog kev nom kev tswv thiab nyiaj txiag, xws li cov neeg khiav tawm hauv Tebchaws Yelemees tom qab 1848 kiv puag ncig.

Hnub no cov pej xeem ntawm Australia yog 21,875 lab tus tib neeg, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 2.8 tus neeg. rau 1 sq. km.

Txhua lub tebchaws Australian tau koom nrog xyoo 1900. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub teb chaws kev lag luam ntawm Australia tau muaj zog, uas ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub teb chaws ntxiv.

Tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, tsoomfwv hauv tebchaws tau tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm npaj siab los txhawb kev nkag tebchaws, vim tias cov pej xeem ntawm Australia ntau dua ob npaug. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, xyoo 2001, 27.4% ntawm cov neeg nyob sab av loj yog cov neeg yug txawv teb chaws. Cov pawg neeg loj tshaj plaws uas suav nrog Australia yog cov neeg Askiv thiab Italians, Irish, New Zealanders, Dutch thiab Greeks, Germans, Nyab Laj, Yugoslavs thiab Suav.

Lub sijhawm xyoo no, kwv yees li 400 txhiab tus neeg tau koom nrog cov pej xeem autochthonous, suav cov neeg nyob hauv Torres Strait Islanders, uas yog Melanesian keeb kwm. Cov neeg Australian Aboriginal yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qib siab ntawm kev ua txhaum cai thiab kev poob haujlwm, qib qis ntawm kev kawm thiab kev ua neej luv dua: lawv nyob 17 xyoo tsawg dua li cov pejxeem.

Cov pej xeem ntawm Australia, zoo li lwm lub tebchaws tsim kho, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm pej xeem mus rau cov neeg laus, nce cov nyiaj laus thiabfeem pua ntawm cov neeg hnub nyoog ua haujlwm tau txo qis.

English is the official language of the country. Ntawm no lawv siv qhov txawv tshwj xeeb hu ua Australian Lus Askiv. Kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov pej xeem siv lus Askiv rau kev sib txuas lus hauv tsev ua hom lus nkaus xwb. Dhau li ntawm nws, 2.1% ntawm cov pejxeem hais lus Suav hauv tsev, 1.9% Italian thiab 1.4% Greek. Ntau tus neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw yog ob hom lus. Australian Aboriginal languages tau hais ua hom lus tseem ceeb los ntawm tsuas yog 50 txhiab tus neeg, uas yog 0.02% ntawm cov pejxeem. Cov lus hauv paus txawm maj mam ploj mus: tsuas muaj li 70 tawm ntawm 200 yam lus tseem nyob niaj hnub no.