Sights of Nesvizh: piav qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Sights of Nesvizh: piav qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas
Sights of Nesvizh: piav qhia thiab tshuaj xyuas
Anonim

Txawm lawv hais li cas, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws Lavxias uas xav mus ncig rau cov tebchaws nyob sib ze yog Belarus. Nesvizh, uas nws cov sights yuav piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, tau absorbed qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm lub teb chaws tus phooj ywg. Lub nroog yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Minsk. Yog li ntawd, mus rau qhov ntawd los ntawm lub peev ntawm Belarus thiab rov qab los hauv ib hnub tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm Nesvizh yog lub palace thiab chaw ua si. Nesvizh Tsev fuabtais tau suav nrog hauv Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Ntiaj Teb thiab yog nyob rau hauv patronage ntawm UNESCO. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib lub zos tsuas yog kaum tsib txhiab tus neeg, muaj lwm yam attractions.

Sights ntawm Nesvizh
Sights ntawm Nesvizh

Yuav mus rau Nesvizh

Ntau tshaj ib puas thiab nees nkaum tsib kilometers cais lub nroog los ntawm Minsk. Txhawm rau pom qhov pom ntawm Nesvizh, koj yuav tsum xub mus rau qhov chaw nres tsheb npav hauv nroog "Vostochny". Daim pib mus rau lub nroog yuav raug nqi txog rau caum txhiabBelarusian rubles. Thawj lub tsheb npav mus rau Nesvizh tawm Minsk ntawm xya thaum sawv ntxov, qhov kawg ntawm yim thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Lub sijhawm mus ncig yog li ob teev. Koj tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm txoj kev yog tias koj zaum hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau (16 txhiab rubles). Tab sis nws yuav coj koj mus rau cov neeg nyob sib ze Gorodeya, los ntawm Nesvizh yog kaum yim kilometers deb. Yog li koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau lub tsheb thauj mus los.

History of Nesvizh

Yuav kom nkag siab meej txog qhov pom ntawm Nesvizh, ib tus yuav tsum nkag siab txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws keeb kwm. Yav dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb tau koom nrog lub npe ntawm lub nroog nrog Tub Vaj Ntxwv Yuri Nesvitsky, uas tuag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kalka (1223). Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no version tau tsis lees paub los ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm. Thiab kev tshawb fawb archaeological tsis pom cov cim ntawm cov tsev qub tshaj li lub xyoo pua kaum tsib. Thawj tus hais nyob rau hauv lub annals kuj hais txog 1446, thaum Grand Duke ntawm Lithuania Casimir Jagiellonchik pub lub nroog rau Jan Mikolay Nemirovich. Cov tsev neeg no muaj Nesvizh rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Twb tau nyob rau hauv 1492 Nesvizh nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm tus nplua nuj Lithuanian magnate Peter Kishke.

Ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg no, Anna, tau sib yuav xyoo 1513 rau Jan Radziwill the Bearded. Nesvizh "los ntawm cab" mus rau cov noble aristocrats. Tus tub ntawm Jan thiab Anna, Mikołaj Cherny, ua tiav rau nws tus kheej lub npe ntawm "Tus Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws". Yog li, cov khoom ntawm Radziwill tsev neeg tau txais kev cai lij choj raws li txoj cai. Qhov ntawd yog, lawv tau txais los ntawm tus tub hlob. Txij lub sijhawm no lub hnub nyoog golden ntawm Nesvizh pib. Radziwill txoj kev tswj hwm kav mus txog rau xyoo 1939, kom txog rau thaum cov tub rog Soviet tau ntes ib feem ntawm qhov ntawd yog Poland.

Nesvizh nyob rau hauv BelarusKev nyiam
Nesvizh nyob rau hauv BelarusKev nyiam

Nesvizh (Belarus): Attractions

Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau lub nroog tau ntaus nrog kev nkag mus rau txoj cai ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm tus tub ntawm Mykola Cherny - Christopher Radziwill, lub npe menyuam yaus Orphan. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, no gentry mus rau cov teb chaws Europe. Thaum mus txog tsev, nws mob siab rau npaj nws tsev neeg zes. Cov kev pom ntawm Nesvizh, uas peb qhuas niaj hnub no, tau tso los yog tsim los ntawm Christopher Sirotka. Nws rhuav tshem lub tsev qub qub rau hauv av. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1583, me ntsis ntxiv, nws pib tsim ib tug tshiab. Cov kev hloov kho kuj cuam tshuam rau lub nroog. Chaotic nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub tsev yog hloov los ntawm orderly quarters. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov burghers ntawm Nesvizh nco txog lawv tus kav. Cov menyuam ntsuag tshem tawm ntau cov se. Hais lus niaj hnub no, nws tau tshaj tawm cov nyiaj so koobtsheej se, uas yog vim li cas cov kws txawj thiab cov tub lag luam tau nchuav rau hauv kev sib hais haum hauv Nesvizh. Tsuas yog ob peb xyoos xwb, lub nroog tau vam meej thiab hloov mus ua qhov chaw muaj kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam. Xyoo 1586 Nesvizh tau tso cai rau Magdeburg Txoj Cai. Lub nroog twb muaj phab ntsa muaj zog, ib puag ncig los ntawm ib tug moat. Muaj ntau lub tsev teev ntuj thiab monasteries sab hauv.

Nesvizh attractions
Nesvizh attractions

Pom dab tsi hauv lub nroog Nesvizh (kev nyiam)

Duab ntawm lub nroog no thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws lub tsev fuabtais tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov phau ntawv qhia ncig Belarus. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsuas yog ib lub rooj vag tseem nyob ntawm ib zaug muaj zog fortress phab ntsa - lub rooj vag Slutsk. Nws ntsib cov neeg taug kev los ntawm sab hnub tuaj. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov loj ntawm medieval Nesvizh, lub taub hau mus rau lub hauv paus khw square. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws nce lub cim ntawm lub nroog tus kheej-tsoom fwv -lub nroog Hall, ua nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XVII caug xyoo nyob rau hauv lub Baroque style. Christopher Sirotka yog ib tus neeg paub zoo tshaj plaws. Nws caw cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm dawb rau nws lub nroog. Yog li ntawd, thawj lub tsev luam ntawv hauv Belarus thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv Arian tau ua haujlwm hauv Nesvizh, qhov chaw lawv kawm txog natural sciences, theology thiab lus.

Nesvizh attractions yees duab
Nesvizh attractions yees duab

monasteries thiab Cathedral

Nyob hauv lub loj thiab nplua nuj Nesvizh tau siv ntau lub tsev dawb ceev. Cov pejxeem ntawm lub nroog yog multinational. Muaj ib lub tsev teev ntuj thiab ib lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox. Lub ntsiab yog lub Cathedral ntawm lub cev ntawm Vajtswv. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb uas nws yog lub tsev teev ntuj baroque thib ob hauv ntiaj teb (tom qab lub tuam tsev Roman ntawm Il Gesu). Nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib tsev neeg qhov ntxa ntawm lub Radziwills - cov haib magnates uas ib zaug muaj lub nroog ntawm Nesvizh. Lub sights ntawm lub nroog yog nws cov monasteries. Muaj ob peb. Kev txiav txim ntawm Bernardines, Benedictines, Dominicans, Jesuits ua lawv lub tsev nyob hauv nroog.

Belarus Nesvizh attractions
Belarus Nesvizh attractions

History of the castle

Nesvizh yog dab tsi nthuav? Cov sights piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm tsuas yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus prelude rau lub zoo kawg nkaus symphony uas koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub palace thiab chaw ua si pawg. Tab sis lub tsev fuabtais tsis tau ua nyob rau hauv ib hnub. Tsis muaj dab tsi seem ntawm lub qub ntoo fortress. Thawj lub tsev pob zeb tau tsim los ntawm Dutch masters ntawm fortification nyob rau hauv Mykola Cherny Radziwill. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1583, Christopher lub Sirotka tau tso lub tsev fuabtais rau sab qab tebntoo fortress. Ditches tau khawb ib ncig ntawm nws. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau puv nrog dej ntawm tus dej Usha. Kev tsim ntawm lub fortress yog thawj zaug ntaus nqi los ntawm Italian kws kes duab vajtse Giovanni Bernardoni, tab sis qhov no version yog tsis ntseeg vim hais tias tus kws kes duab vajtse tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse dawb huv, thiab tsis fortifications. Thiab lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Nesvizh yog li ntawd fortified tias nws tiv thaiv ob Lavxias teb sab sieges (nyob rau hauv 1654 thiab 1660). Thiab txawm tias thaum lub Swedes coj lub nroog, cov tub rog ntawm Charles lub Kaum Ob Hlis, tom qab ib tug ntev siege, raug yuam kom rov qab tsis muaj ntsev slurping los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub citadel. Thiab tsuas yog thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Northern, lub tsev fuabtais, ncig los ntawm ntau txhiab tus tub rog, tau txais cov lus qhuas ntawm kev tso siab.

Nesvizh nroog attractions
Nesvizh nroog attractions

Kev hloov pauv mus rau hauv lub palace thiab chaw ua si

Lub Swedes tau ua kom puas lub citadel. Thaum cov tub rog passions tuag lawm, Radziwills nyob rau hauv 1720s pib rov tsim lawv tsev neeg zes. Tab sis tam sim no lawv tau caw cov engineers uas tsis yog tub rog. Kev zam tsis zoo ib yam ntxiv lawm, thiab cov phom loj tau mus txog theem ntawm kev swb uas cov phab ntsa muaj zog tsis tuaj yeem cawm nws los ntawm kev tshuab. Tias yog vim li cas qhov nqaim loopholes thiab redoubts tau hloov los ntawm cov qauv zoo nkauj ntawm lub palace tiag tiag. Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yog ib lub vaj nrog lub pas dej. Nesvizh yog nto moo rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub palace thiab chaw ua si complex. Qhov pom ntawm tsev neeg zes ntawm Radziwills tau tsim dua tshiab nrog qhov tseeb siab tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam lub neej ntawm magnates ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim. Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem nyeem txog kev sau ntawm chav suite ntawm luxurious halls nyob rau hauv lub tshiab "Princess Tarakanova" los ntawm G. Danilevsky. Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas tsis yog lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lub tsev qiv ntawv xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub tsev teev ntuj tsev fuabtais.

Nesvizh attractions piav qhia
Nesvizh attractions piav qhia

Palace in the XIX-XX centuries

Raws li kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov xwm txheej pom, Radziwills tau nrawm. Lub tsev fuabtais tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tau raug coj los ntawm Russians thaum muab faib ntawm Poland. Tom qab ntawd nws tau plundered los ntawm lawv thaum lub sij hawm rov qab ntawm Napoleon cov tub rog. Cov tub rog Lavxias coj tawm qhov kev nplua nuj ntawm kaum ib tus thawj coj Dominic Jerome hauv kaum lub laub. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub sixties ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, lub tsev fuabtais rov qab mus rau lub tswv ntawm lub Radziwills. Cov tiam tshiab ntawm hom no tau pib txhim kho thaj chaw nyob ib puag ncig lub palace. Ua tsaug rau lawv, xws li kev pom ntawm Nesvizh xws li Tsev fuabtais, Qub, Tshiab, Askiv chaw ua si thiab Japanese Garden. Los ntawm 1939, thaj tsam ntawm lub complex yog kwv yees li cuaj caum hectares. Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau tshwm sim rau thaj tsam ntawm Poland, cov tub rog Soviet tau nce mus rau sab hnub poob thiab tuav lub tsev fuabtais yam tsis muaj kev tua phom, ntes Radziwill tsev neeg. Lawv tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm kev tua los ntawm Italian diplomats. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg tau tso cai rau emigrate mus rau Ltalis. Thiab nyob rau hauv lawv lub tsev fuabtais muaj ib lub tsev kho mob thiab ib tug sanatorium. Tsuas yog tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub USSR, lub restoration ua hauj lwm pib nyob rau hauv lub palace thiab chaw ua si complex. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau qhib rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2012.

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