Lub ntiaj teb nyob ib puag ncig peb muaj ntau yam tsis meej thiab zais cia, tej zaum yog vim li cas tib neeg nyiam tshawb nrhiav nws ntau. Ntawm qhov txaus siab yog cov cheeb tsam nyuaj mus cuag tau nyob ze rau sab qaum teb. Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, adventurers thiab explorers tau tsim expeditions mus tshawb cov mysterious qhov chaw, uas feem ntau xaus tragically rau lawv cov neeg koom. Niaj hnub no, nrog rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev ua tiav ntawm kev tshawb fawb, ntau yam tshiab thiab yav dhau los tsis paub tau pom. Muaj kev tshawb fawb hnyav ntawm kev nyem ntawm cov hauv qab ntawm lub hiav txwv nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Russia. Kev nyab xeeb, flora thiab fauna ntawm cov cheeb tsam no kuj raug tshawb xyuas. Ntawm qhov txaus siab yog Yenisei Bay ntawm Hiav Txwv Kara, uas yog Yenisei River ntws.
Discovery keeb kwm
Cov neeg tshawb nrhiav Lavxias tau kawm cov chaw no rov qab rau xyoo 14-17th. Great Northern Expedition, coj los ntawm Lieutenant Ovtsyn, navigator Minin thiab navigator Sterlegov, pib thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th (1737). Nws yog lawv uas tau kos ib daim ntawv qhia piav txog tus ntug dej ntawm Yenisei River thiab Yenisei Bay.
Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Lavxias Lub Zej Zog tau txaus siab rau kev kawm ntawm North Seas thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 19th - thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Lawv tau npaj ib qho kev ntoj ke mus kawmkev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lopatin thiab Schmidt, uas tau piav qhia txog Yenisei Gulf thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv raug ntau dua ntawm kev pab ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab cov qauv geological. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov cheeb tsam no tau ua mus txog rau thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1917. Tom qab kev hloov ntawm tsoom fwv hauv xeev, tsis muaj leej twg daws qhov teeb meem no, thiab tsuas yog cov neeg nyiam mus rau lub qhov ncauj ntawm Yenisei nrhiav kev lom zem.
Nyob rau xyoo 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, tsuas yog cov kws tshawb fawb txog thaj chaw no xwb. Lawv kawm txog cov zoobenthos ntawm Yenisei Bay ntawm Kara Hiav Txwv, av, flora thiab fauna ntawm thaj chaw nyob ze.
Kev tsis sib xws ntawm Kara Hiav Txwv
Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Russia muaj 4 lub hiav txwv Siberian uas yog nyob rau hauv hiav txwv Arctic:
- Chukchi.
- East Siberian.
- Kaskoe.
- Laptev.
Ntawm lawv txhua tus, Kara muaj qhov tshwj xeeb hydrological tshwj xeeb. Ob txoj hlab ntsha loj tshaj plaws ntawm Russia - Ob thiab Yenisei - ntws mus rau hauv nws. Dej dej yog nqa tawm mus rau lub hiav txwv, vim hais tias ib tug loj cheeb tsam ntawm nws nto ua dej tshiab. Lub thickness ntawm cov txheej no yog hais txog 2 meters.
Hiav txwv Kara muaj txoj kab ntug hiav txwv. Cov bays loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nws sab hnub tuaj:
- Yenisei.
- Gydan.
- Pyasinsky.
Kev piav qhia ntawm Yenisei Bay
Yenisei Bay yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm thaj av loj ntawm Eurasian sab av loj thiab Gydan Peninsula. Nws tau txais nws lub npe nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tustus dej. Qhov ntev ntawm lub bay yog kwv yees li 225 km, thiab qhov dav tshaj plaws yog 150 km. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub reservoir yog 20 m. Rau 9 lub hlis, Yenisei Bay yog ice-bound, thiab tsuas yog lub caij ntuj sov nws taws. Qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Dikson nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub tuaj ntawm Kara Hiav Txwv. Nws nyob ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub bay.
Nuv ntses yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, nrog rau kev yos hav zoov rau cov neeg hauv hiav txwv, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab beluga whales.
Txoj kev hiav txwv hla hla hiav txwv mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Igarka thiab Dudinka, uas nyob ntawm Yenisei River. Cov hlab ntsha dej no desalinates lub Hiav Txwv Kara.
Cov dej me me ntawm Siberia kuj ntws mus rau Yenisei Bay:
- Holchikha.
- Sariha.
- Karga.
- Yaj-Yam.
- Miquetl.
- Volgina.
- Juro.
- Dorofeeva.
Muaj ob lub koog pov txwv hauv lub bay: Oleniy thiab Sibiryakov.
Cov neeg nyob hauv lub reservoir
Lub benthos ntawm Yenisei Bay yog sib xyaw. Qee cov ntaub ntawv yog hom dej tsis qab, thaum rau lwm tus neeg nyob hauv dej hiav txwv tsuas yog tsim nyog. Cov xwm txheej no kuj cuam tshuam rau kev faib cov kab mob nyob hauv cheeb tsam.
Sab qaum teb ntawm lub hiav txwv zoo ib yam li hiav txwv hais txog kev ntsuas dej, yog li ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom hom tsiaj zoo yoog rau dej ntsev. Cov no suav nrog Ophiura nodosa, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg echinoderm. Nyob rau hauv dej tshiab, muaj ib tug active kev loj hlob ntawm crustaceans thiab hiav txwv cockroaches, teej tug mus rau lub chav kawm ntawm crustaceans. Joldia arctica yog molluscsYenisei Gulf ntawm Kara Hiav Txwv. Lawv nyob hauv lub reservoir loj loj. Cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb yog cov neeg pluag nyob rau hauv lub benthic pejxeem, raws li nws yog desalinated hnyav.
Cov dej hiav txwv muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv cov ntses dej tshiab thiab cov dej ntsev. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom flounder, pollack, smelt. Nyob rau hauv lub bay thiab coj mus muag ntses:
- perch;
- sig;
- nelma;
- herring;
- khoom muag thiab lwm yam.
Lub Yenisei Bay tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb thiab noj zaub mov rau lawv.
