Ncig ncig teb chaws Europe los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau yog qhov kev paub zoo siab. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Austrian yuav pab koj mus rau qhov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws, nrog rau lwm qhov ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Tab sis muaj qee qhov nuances uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account los ntawm txhua tus neeg uas npaj yuav mus los ntawm hom kev thauj no.
Simmering Railway
Txoj kev qub tshaj plaws uas twb muaj lawm yog Simmeringskaya. Thaum ntxov xyoo 1998, nws tau suav nrog UNESCO World Heritage List. Cov kab hlau no nyob hauv Alps ntawm qhov siab ntawm 985 meters, nruab nrab ntawm Mürzzuschlag thiab Gloggnitz. Ntawm nws txoj kev, txoj kev kov yeej Simmering Pass.
keeb kwm me ntsis
Cov hlab ntsha hlau tau tsim los ntawm 1848 txog 1854. Lub roob rugged struts ua rau engineering daws teeb meem ntawm railway nthuav heev. Rau 41 kilometers, ntau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm nruab nrab-19th caug xyoo tau siv: qhov av, arches, viaducts. Tag nrho cov no tau zoo ua ke nrog cov toj roob hauv pes Alpine. Ua tsaug rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, thaj chaw no tau los uaCov chaw nyob tau tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd lub Alps tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw nyiam neeg ncig tebchaws. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Austrian hnub no yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab pheej yig mus xyuas Alpine countryside.
Txoj kev hla Alps ntawm Merz Valley tau siv txij thaum ub. Thaum Ntxov Nrab Hnub nyoog, cov tsheb rub los ntawm oxen tau txav mus raws cov toj roob hauv pes los ntawm Vienna. Xyoo 1728, qhov kev taw qhia no tau hloov mus rau hauv txoj kev ua tub rog, thiab kuj tau siv los ua kev lag luam. Tab sis qhov nyuaj-rau-mus txog qhov chaw ntawm Semmering tsis tau muab nrog txoj kev niaj hnub rau lub sijhawm ntev heev. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim kho ntawm txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau tau ua tiav hauv engineering thiab yog qhov kev sim. Ntau tshaj li ib puas pob zeb txuas hniav ntawm ntau yam tsim, kaum plaub qhov, kaum rau viaducts - tag nrho cov no tau siv thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Thoob plaws hauv txoj kab hlau - ntau tshaj kaum ib tus choj ua los ntawm hlau.
Ua ke nrog kev tsim kho txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, cov tsev tau tsim rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm pabcuam txoj kev taug. Tag nrho ntawm 57 tau tsim. Cov tuam tsev no muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev: masonry, cib cladding. Lub Austrian railway muaj chaw nres tsheb ua nyob rau hauv ib tug monumental, restrained style. Cov ntawv hla tau maj mam ua nrog villas thiab tsev so hauv Gothic style. Muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm Gloggnitz.
Xyoo 1957, thaum hluav taws xob tau muab rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, thawj zaughluav taws xob tsheb ciav hlau. Los ntawm xyoo 1880, thaj chaw roob roob tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm chaw so, yog li nws tsim nyog los tsim lub tsev so, uas tau hu ua "Simmering".
Cov lus tseeb txog Austria
- Lub teb chaws lub npe txhais tias "sab hnub tuaj" ua lus German.
- Nkauj Ntsej Muag is the oldest city in the country. Lub sijhawm ntawm nws lub hauv paus poob rau 15 BC
- hom lus ntawm Austria yog German. Tab sis hauv cheeb tsam xws li Burgenland thiab Carinthia, Hungarian thiab Croatian tau hais.
- Yuav siv sij hawm tsawg dua ib nrab hnub kom tsav tsheb hla lub tebchaws.
- Austria nyob rau qib thib peb ntawm tus lej ntawm kev caij ski nqa. Muaj 3527 ntawm lawv nyob ntawm no. Tsis xav tias lub teb chaws no muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm chaw caij ski.
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Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Austria yog Lake Neusiedl, UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Austrian railways - lub ntiaj teb thawj zaug hla roob.
- Lub nroog Austrian ntawm Braunau am In yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Adolf Hitler. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub nroog no nto moo rau qhov tseeb tias cov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshiab los ntawm L. N. Tolstoy "Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb."
- Nyob hauv lub tebchaws no koj tuaj yeem caij Ferris lub log qub tshaj plaws, uas tau tsim thaum xyoo pua 19th.
- Qhov chaw nto moo tshaj plaws hauv Austria yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm Habsburgs. Schönbrunn Palace muaj 1440 chav.
- Txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv lub tebchaws no tau them. Yog tias tsis them nyiaj, nws yuav raug themzoo.
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Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Austria muaj lub ntiaj teb thawj lub tsev so "Haslauer", qhib rau xyoo 803. Nws tseem ua haujlwm hnub no.
Austrian tsoom fwv railways
Yuav ua li cas txuag nyiaj ntawm kev yuav daim pib
Austrian Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Railways muaj lub vev xaib official uas ua rau nws yooj yim mus yuav daim pib. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum xaiv qhov kev taw qhia, txiav txim siab hnub thiab sijhawm, sau daim foos ntawm lub xaib thiab nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim npav rau kev them nyiaj. Nws tsim nyog xav txog tias tus nqi kawg ntawm kev mus ncig yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm hom tsheb ciav hlau.
Kev yuav daim pib "Einfach-Raus-Ticket" tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias ntau tus neeg taug kev ib zaug (los ntawm ob mus rau tsib). Nws yuav tso cai rau koj mus los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau ntawm tus nqi luv nqi tseem ceeb. Tab sis qhov no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau txhua txoj kev, vim tias kev mus los ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau nthuav dav siv sijhawm tsawg dua li kev mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau.
Piv txwv li, rau ib lub tuam txhab ntawm 4 tus neeg, daim pib ntawm Vienna mus rau Salzburg ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau tsis tu ncua yuav raug nqi 200 euros, thaum nyob rau lub tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob - tsuas yog 35. Koj tuaj yeem yuav daim pib no ntawm lub tshuab pib lossis chaw pib pib.
Austrian railway nta
Qee yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
- yuav ob daim pib pheej yig dua ib;
- kev yuav khoom tsis yog rau lub tsheb ciav hlau tshwj xeeb, tab sis rau kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb; Yog li, tau yuav daim pib, koj tuaj yeem caij tsheb ciav hlau mus rau qhov kev taw qhia no;
- txhob sim hla tsis dhaudaim pib; Cov neeg soj ntsuam tshwm sim ntawm txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb, thiab koj yuav tau them kaum npaug ntawm qhov nplua rau kev mus ncig yam tsis muaj daim pib;
- koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub rooj zaum dawb (tshwj tsis yog cov tsheb ciav hlau nrog thaj chaw tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb);
- txhua lub tsheb ciav hlau muaj tsheb kauj vab;
- Austrian railways muaj ib qho lus ceeb toom: lub qhov rooj hauv txhua qhov kev thauj mus los pej xeem tau qhib siv lub pob tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv.
Kev thauj mus los pawg
Austrian tsoomfwv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau muaj ntau hom tsheb ciav hlau.
- ICE - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev (nrog rau thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev sib tshuam)
- D - hom tsheb ciav hlau nruab nrab (nruab nrab ntawm kev nthuav qhia thiab hauv zos)
- E - lub tsheb thauj neeg mob hauv zos
- R - hauv zos, kev sib txuas lus sab hauv.
chav kawm Coupe
● Thawj chav kawm - tsim rau plaub tus neeg caij tsheb, muaj qhov loj loj;
● chav kawm thib ob yog chav rau tus neeg caij tsheb, me dua li thawj chav kawm.
● Lub hom phiaj dav dav railcars
Tag nrho cov tsheb ciav hlau ntawm Austrian Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Railways tau nruab nrog cov rooj zaum xis, rooj zaum rooj, cua txias thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm.
Special compartments on trains
Qee lub tsheb thauj mus deb muaj ntxiv.
● Ib chav rau cov tsev neeg uas muaj menyuam yaus uas muaj chaw rau menyuam yaus ua si.
● Cov chaw rau cov niam pub niam mis rau nruabcurtains.
● Chaw so.
● Muaj peev xwm yuav lub rooj zaum hauv cov poj niam lub thawv.
Kev txo nqi system
Nws yooj yim heev rau kev txav mus los nrog kev pab los ntawm Austrian steel kab, thiab nws yog kev lag luam rau tsev neeg cov peev nyiaj, txij li tag nrho cov kev txo nqi tau tsim. Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 6 xyoos, mus ncig yog dawb. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 txog 15 xyoos, tus nqi ntawm daim pib tsheb ciav hlau tsuas yog 50%.
- VORTEILScard Classic. Nws tus nqi yog 99 euros. Lub sijhawm siv tau yog ib xyoos. Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm taug kev nrog 50% luv nqi hauv txhua txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Daim duab yuav tsum tau yuav.
- VORTEILScard Tsev Neeg (daim npav tsev neeg). Tso cai rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos nrog niam txiv caij tsheb dawb.
- SparSchiene yog ib pawg ntawm cov nqi pheej yig uas tau yuav rau lub hlis ua ntej mus ncig. Koj yuav tsum yuav lawv hauv online. Lawv pub ob tug menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos thiab ib tus neeg laus caij tsheb dawb.
- Muaj nyiaj cheb rau pab pawg ntawm 2 mus rau 5 tus neeg (2nd neeg nrog caij - 5%, 4-5th - 10%).
Austrian railway fares
Tus nqi kawg ntawm daim pib yuav nyob ntawm qhov deb, lub tsheb ciav hlau xaiv, chav kawm thiab cov neeg. Kev faib cov wagons yog qhia rau ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab phab ntsa.
Piv txwv li, tus nqi ntawm daim pib rau peb hnub ntawm INTERRAIL: PASS daim pib (rau kev mus ncig hauv Austria) rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos yuav yog 54, 50 €, rau cov neeg laus - 71-109 €.
Ib mus yim hnub yuav raug nqi:
- neeg laus -149-154, 50 EUR;
- menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 - 94.5 euros.
Tus nqi ntawm daim pib tam sim no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws taug qab ntawm cov vev xaib raug cai rau lawv muag.
Rau txhua tus neeg uas xav pom ntau qhov pom hauv Tebchaws Europe li sai tau, Austrian railway yog qhov haum zoo. Siv cov nyiaj cheb tshwj xeeb thiab nrhiav kev nthuav qhia zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj qhov kev mus ncig tsis yog kev kawm, tab sis kuj muaj ntau haiv neeg. Tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws xws li Austria yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nplij siab thiab kev ceev ntawm kev txav, yog li kev mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau thiab tsheb ciav hlau yuav yooj yim heev.
