Intercession Cathedral ntawm Red Square

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Lub tsev teev ntuj tseem ceeb ntawm Red Square - St. Basil's Cathedral - lub ntiaj teb nto moo monument ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsev teev ntuj architecture. Muaj nyob rau hauv kev sau npe ntawm lub ntiaj teb-chav kawm txuj ci cuab yeej cuab tam chaw nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam ntawm UNESCO. Lwm lub npe yog Pokrovsky Cathedral.

Lwm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Red Square, Kazansky, nyob ntawm kaum ntawm Nikolskaya Street, ze ntawm Mint. Lub tuam tsev no muaj keeb kwm. Moscow lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Red Square tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv yog cov nthuav thiab nto moo nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev.

Ntau Muscovites thiab cov qhua ntawm lub peev ntseeg tias tsis muaj ob lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Red Square, tab sis ntau ntxiv. Qhov kev xav no yog yuam kev, txij li lwm cov masterpieces ntawm Lavxias teb sab tuam tsev architecture, txawm hais tias lawv pom los ntawm Red Square, nyob tom qab lub Kremlin phab ntsa, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin. Yog li, lo lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas muaj pes tsawg lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau ntawm Red Square yog unambiguous.

Qhov chaw ntawm Moscow yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev nplua nuj ntawm architectural monuments.

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Kev Sib Koom Tes ntawm Red Square, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, nyob rau sab nraud ntawm Spasskaya Ntauwd ntawm Kremlin, thaum pibVasilyevsky qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob. Nyob ze yog lub bronze memorial ntawm Minin thiab Pozharsky, tsim nyob rau hauv 1818.

Lub Cathedral ntawm Intercession ntawm Red Square yog qhov pom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Moscow. Cov pab pawg ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas ib leeg taug kev hauv cov chav ua yeeb yam rau ntau teev. Thiab yog tias koj nug ib tug neeg Nyij Pooj, ib tug Fabkis txoj los yog ib tug Dane txog lub tsev teev ntuj twg ntawm Red Square lawv nyiam ntau dua, lawv yuav tsis ua siab ntev rau lub npe Cathedral ntawm Intercession. Muscovites yuav hais ib yam.

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Kev Cuam Tshuam ntawm Red Square yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub tuam tsev architecture ntawm nruab nrab xyoo pua 16th, ua rau kev hwm ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo uas tau tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Russia thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1552 - kev ntes Kazan thiab yeej dhau lub Kazan Khanate. Tsar Ivan the Terrible tau hais kom tsim lub tsev teev ntuj, "uas tsis tuaj yeem zoo sib xws." Lub tsev teev ntuj no yog Intercession Cathedral ntawm Red Square, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv rau xyoo, los ntawm 1555 txog 1561. Tom qab ntawd, muaj ntau yam ntxiv ntawm kev coj noj coj ua.

qauv

Architects Barma thiab Postnik tsim ib qho qauv tsim rau lub tsev teev ntuj, uas muaj lub hauv paus ncej thiab yim txoj kab, uas lawv muab tso rau ntawm cov ntsiab lus cardinal, raws li lub canons ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj lub sij hawm:

Central pillar - Tiv thaiv Vajtswv Leej Niam.
Tau rau sab hnub tuaj - lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Vaj Ntsujplig.
Tau rau sab hnub poob - lub tsev teev ntuj "Kev nkag ntawm tus Tswv rau hauv Yeluxalees."
Rau rau sab qaum teb hnub poob - lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm "Gregory lub Catholicos ntawm Armenia".
Rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj - lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm "SvirskyAlexandra".
Rau sab qab teb-sab hnub poob - txoj kab ntawm "Varlaam Khutynsky".
Rau rau sab qaum teb - lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm "John lub Merciful".
Tau rau sab qab teb - txoj kab ntawm "Nicholas tus Wonderworker".
Rau rau sab qaum teb - txoj kab ntawm "Cyprian thiab Ustinya".

Tsis muaj cellars hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, lub hauv paus yog lub hauv paus hauv qab, cov vaults uas so ntawm cov phab ntsa cib peb meters tuab. Txog rau xyoo 1595, lub hauv paus ntawm Intercession Cathedral tau siv los khaws cov khoom vaj khoom tsev. Ntxiv nrog rau kub, lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

Lub tsev thib ob ntawm lub tuam tsev yog ncaj qha mus rau txhua qhov chaw thiab lub hauv paus ncej ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes ntawm Niam Txiv, nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej uas koj tuaj yeem nkag mus los ntawm kev nkag mus rau txhua chav, thiab mus. los ntawm ib pawg ntseeg mus rau lwm qhov.

Church of Alexander Svirsky

Lub tsev teev ntuj sab qab teb tau raug fij rau hauv lub npe ntawm St. Alexander Svirsky. Nyob rau hnub ntawm nws lub cim xeeb, nyob rau hauv 1552, ib qho kev txiav txim siab sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kazan phiaj los nqis tes - lub yeej ntawm tub huabtais Khan Yapanchi.

Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Alexander Svirsky yog ib qho ntawm plaub txoj kab me me, suav nrog lub quadrangle qis nrog lub octagon thiab lub nruas nrog lub qhov rais. Lub aisle crowns the dome with a cross.

Church of Varlaam Khutynsky

Lub Koom Txoos ntawm Varlaam Khutynsky, Reverend, tau raug tsa los ntawm nws lub npe. Lub chetverik ntawm lub hauv paus hla mus rau hauv qis octagon thiab ntxiv mus rau hauv lub domed saum. Lub apse ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog hloov mus rau lub Royal Gates. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv suav nrog lub rooj iconostasis nrog cov cim ntawm xyoo pua 16th, ntawmuas sawv tawm ntawm lub cim ntawm Novgorod "Lub Zeem Muag ntawm Tarasius, Sexton"

Church "Tus Tswv nkag rau hauv Yeluxalees"

Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm sab hnub poob tau raug fij rau kev hwm ntawm hnub so "Kev nkag mus rau Yeluxalees". Lub tsev teev ntuj loj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob-tier octagonal pillar, kev hloov ntawm lub thib peb theem mus rau lub nruas yog nqa tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug intermediate siv ntawm kokoshniks teem "nyob rau hauv ib tug kab".

Kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv yog nplua nuj zoo nkauj, tsis muaj kev solemnity. Lub iconostasis tau txais los ntawm Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, yav tas los nyob rau hauv Moscow Kremlin. Lub rooj tsim plaub-tiered yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog gilded overlays thiab carved rosewood cov ntsiab lus. Cov kab hauv qab ntawm cov cim qhia txog Kev Tsim Lub Ntiaj Teb.

Muaj pes tsawg cathedrals nyob rau ntawm liab square

Church of St. Gregory, Kotalikos ntawm Armenia

Lub tsev teev ntuj, tig mus rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob, raug fij rau hauv lub npe ntawm Enlightener ntawm Armenia. Ib lub tsev teev ntuj me me, plaub fab nrog kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov qis qis nrog peb theem ntawm kokoshniks "nyob rau hauv maj", coj los ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-domed style ntawm cubic tuam tsev ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th. Lub dome yog cov duab tshwj xeeb, pob zeb diamond-puab ledges yog khi nrog "net" ntawm cov kab txaij ntsuab tsaus.

Lub iconostasis muaj ntau yam, nyob rau hauv kab hauv qab muaj velvet shrouds thiab cov ntoo khaub lig ntawm Golgotha yog piav rau lawv. Sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog tag nrho ntawm "skinny" tswm ciab - ntoo candlesticks rau hauv uas nyias lub tsev teev ntuj tswm ciab tau muab tso. Ntawm phab ntsa yog showcases nrog vestments rau cov pov thawj, phelonions thiab surplices embroides nrog kub. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub kandilo, decoratedenamel.

Church of Cyprian thiab Ustinya

Lub tsev teev ntuj loj tig mus rau sab qaum teb. Hnub nco txog Cyprian thiab Ustinya, cov tub rog tsarist tau tawm tsam Kazan. Tus ncej octagonal nrog pediments dhau los ntawm qib ntawm kokoshniks rau hauv lub nruas ntsej muag. Lub dome, ua los ntawm ntsug lobes ntawm xiav thiab dawb, saum tus ncej. Sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib tug carved iconostasis thiab ntau phab ntsa paintings nrog scenes los ntawm lub neej ntawm cov ntseeg.

Lub tsev teev ntuj tau rov qab los ntau zaus, qhov hloov tshiab kawg hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo 2007, kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag los ntawm Lavxias Railways JSC.

Chisel ntawm Nikola Velikoretsky

Lub tsev teev ntuj, tig mus rau sab qab teb, raug fij rau lub npe Nicholas tus Wonderworker, npe hu ua Velikoretsky rau kev hwm ntawm lub cim pom hauv Khlynov ntawm tus dej Velikaya. Lub tsev teev ntuj yog ob-tiered octagonal ncej nrog pediments, tig mus rau hauv kab ntawm kokoshniks. Saum toj no lub kokoshniks sawv ib octahedron crowned nrog lub taub hau nrog tus ntoo khaub lig Orthodox. Lub dome ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog pleev xim rau, dais wavy kab txaij liab thiab dawb.

Church of the Holy Trinity

Lwm lub tsev teev ntuj loj ntawm Intercession Cathedral, tig mus rau sab hnub tuaj, raug fij rau lub npe ntawm Great Trinity. Ib tug ob-tiered octagonal pillar, framed los ntawm taw pediments nyob rau hauv qis tier, surrounded los ntawm kokoshniks nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem thiab crowned nrog ib tug octagon nrog ib tug dome, yog cov xim tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm St. Basil's Cathedral.

Aisle of "Three Patriarchs"

Lub tsev teev ntuj, tig mus rau sab hnub tuaj, raug fij rau hauvKev hwm ntawm peb yawg koob ntawm Constantinople: John, Paul thiab Alexander. Nws nta tsib-tier baroque-hom iconostasis, nrog cov cim ntawm kab hauv zos, deesis, hagiography nrog cov cim. Sab hauv tau kho dua tshiab hauv xyoo 2007.

Basil The Blessed

Xyoo 1588, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Red Square tau ua tiav los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj. Ib lub tsev teev ntuj tau ntxiv rau tus ncej ntawm "Gregory of Armenia" hauv kev hwm ntawm St. Basil tus Foom koob hmoov, uas tau tuag xyoo 1552, uas nws cov seem raug faus rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Kev Sib Koom Tes ntawm Red Square, ntxiv rau nws cov vaj tse thiab keeb kwm muaj nuj nqis, kuj tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv dawb ceev hais txog kev faus neeg. Xyoo 1589, John ntawm Moscow raug faus rau hauv qab daus ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Xyoo 1672, cov relics ntawm John the Blessed, tus neeg ua haujlwm txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Moscow, tau muab faus rau hauv Intercession Cathedral.

Cathedral ntawm Intercession ntawm Red Square

Kazan Cathedral ntawm Red Square

Hauv xyoo 1625, lub Tuam Tsev ntoo ntawm Kazan Niam ntawm Vajtswv tau ua rau ntawm Nikolskaya Street ntawm tus nqi ntawm Moscow Prince Pozharsky. Cuaj xyoo tom qab, lub tsev teev ntuj Kazan hlawv thiab ib lub pob zeb Kazan Cathedral tau tsa nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw. Lub sijhawm no kev tsim kho ntawm lub tuam tsev tau them nyiaj los ntawm Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, thiab lub tsev tshiab tau raug fij rau xyoo 1636 los ntawm Patriarch Joasaph thawj.

Lub sijhawm Stalin rov tsim kho Manezhnaya Square, lub tsev teev ntuj raug rhuav tshem, qhov no tshwm sim xyoo 1936. Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Kazan Niam ntawm Vajtswv tau rov tsim dua nyob rau thaum ntxov nineties, ntawm kev pib ntawm Moscow Society rau kev tiv thaiv ntawmkab lis kev cai monuments. Tam sim no, Kazan Cathedral, nyob rau ntawm Red Square, yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws masterpieces ntawm Moscow lub tuam tsev architecture.