Belgrade Fortress (Belgrade) tau tsim nyob rau thawj xyoo pua AD. Nws yog los ntawm nws tias keeb kwm ntawm Serbian peev pib. Tau ntau pua xyoo, ntau tus thawj tswj hwm tau muaj lub fortress, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv tau tso lawv lub cim ntawm no.
Belgrade Fortress
Nyob hauv Serbian lub nroog Belgrade, ntawm qhov chaw uas tus dej Sava ntws mus rau hauv Danube, muaj lub fortress tiv thaiv. Nws nyob ntawm Shumadi Ridge, 125.5 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub Belgrade Fortress yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev lub tswv yim tseem ceeb, nyob rau hauv lub crossroads uas txuas Tsargrad nrog sab hauv ntawm lub teb chaws Europe.
Cov phab ntsa tiv thaiv tau pib ua hauv xyoo pua AD. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam tau muab faib ua Lub Nroog Lower thiab Upper Towns, nyob ib sab ntawm Kalemegdan Park.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub fortress
Celtic pab pawg, tau nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam no, ua lub nroog Singidunum, ob mais ntawm lub fortress. Nyob rau hauv thawj ib puas xyoo AD, nws tau nyob los ntawm cov neeg Loos. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub fortress (nyob rau hauv lub Upper Town), lawv ua ib tug castrum siab 560 meters. Lub sijhawm dhau los, cov tsev nyob thiab cov tsev nyob tau pib tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm Roman tub rog camp,tig los ua ib lub zos.
Tom qab lub tebchaws Loos vau, lub nroog mus rau Byzantium, xyoo 535 Emperor Justinian tau ua ib lub rampart nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Serbs tuaj ntawm no nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 8th. Cov phab ntsa limestone tau tshoov lawv lub siab kom hu rau kev sib hais haum Lub Nroog Dawb.
Nyob rau hauv lub 9th-10th centuries, lub Belgrade fortress belongs rau cov Bulgarians, ces mus rau Byzantium nyob rau hauv lub 10th-12th centuries, nyob rau hauv lub 14th nws tau los ua Hungarian. Nyob rau hauv lub despot (ib lub npe muab los ntawm Byzantine huab tais) Stefan Lazarevich, lub nroog fortress tau nquag txhim kho. Lub palace nyob rau hauv lub Upper City tau rebuilt rau hauv ib tug fortified tsev fuabtais, muaj tshiab yees, ob phab ntsa thiab moats ib ncig, ib tug drawbridge.
Nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, Belgrade raug ntes los ntawm Turks. Lub roob uas lub fortress sawv yog hu ua lub Roob ntawm Reflections, thiab thaj chaw uas nyob ib sab nws hu ua Kalemegdan. Tus ciav ntawm Mehmed Pasha Skolovich thiab lub ntxa ntawm Damad Ali Pasha ua ib qho kev ceeb toom ntawm Turkish domination nyob rau hauv cov av no. Tau ntev, lub fortress hla mus rau Austrian los yog rov qab mus rau Turks. Thiab txhua zaus nws tau tsim kho me ntsis lossis ntxiv.
Xyoo 1807, Belgrade fortress hla mus rau Serbian cov neeg ntxeev siab. Nws raug kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo, ntau qhov chaw raug puas tsuaj. Xyoo 1946, lub xeev tau coj lub tsev keeb kwm nyob rau hauv nws qhov kev tiv thaiv.
Lub Nroog thiab Sab Qab Teb
Lub Rooj Sab Laj Istanbul yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lawv coj ncaj nraim mus rau lub Tuam Tsev Teev Ntuj. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj 13 lub rooj vag, txhua lub npe: Vidin, Stefan Lazarevich, Tsaus, Lub Tsev Loj, thiab lwm yam
MuajCov txheej txheem tseem muaj sia nyob hauv cov phab ntsa tiv thaiv hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 18th, piv txwv li, cov bastions nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub fortress. Lub tsev teev ntuj Ruzica suav hais tias yog qhov qub tshaj plaws hauv Belgrade. Nws tau tsim rov qab rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th, tab sis nws tau raug rhuav tshem thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, yog li lub tsev uas peb tuaj yeem pom tam sim no yog lub tsev rov tsim dua nyob rau xyoo 19th. Yav tas los, pawg ntseeg tau ua cov ntawv xov xwm hmoov rau qee lub sijhawm.
Lub moos ntauwd, zoo li lwm yam Austrian fortifications, yog ua nyob rau hauv Baroque style. Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 19th. Cov pej thuam yav dhau los tseem tau khaws cia: Neboisha, Yakshicha, Despota, Mlinaritsa. Nyob rau hauv lub Upper City yog lub ruins ntawm Roman castrum, lub palace ntawm lub despot. Lub ruins ntawm Metropolitan Palace thiab lub khw muag khoom hmoov nyob hauv Nizhny.
Nyob hauv thaj chaw sab hauv ntawm lub fortress muaj Tub Rog Tsev khaws puav pheej, National Observatory, Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Natural History. Communist thiab tub rog yav dhau los ntawm cov khoom yog pov thawj los ntawm lub ntxa ntawm tus phab ej thiab lub monument bronze rau Victor, lub bunker ntawm Joseph Broz Tito, Artillery Square nrog rau cov khoom siv tub rog.
Kalemegdan Park
Ua ntej nws yog ib thaj teb ntawm ko taw ntawm lub fortress, tam sim no nws yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw ua si zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv nroog. Nws tau tsim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Hauv Kalemegdan muaj ntau tsob ntoo ntsuab, ntau dua 3,000 tsob ntoo tau cog rau ntawm no. Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tiaj ua si muaj lub suab paj nruag pavilion, ib lub staircase loj, lub tsev kos duab.
Muaj ntau yam monuments thiab pej thuam ntawm no. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab puab ntawm Genius of Death, Tired fighter, Partisan nrog ib tug me nyuam. Ntau lub monuments tau mob siab rau cov neeg nto moo,uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog thiab lub tebchaws. Ntawm lawv yog lub monument rau Mark Milyanov, Brank Radicevic, kws sau ntawv Ivan Goran Kovacic.
Ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Kalemegdan muaj ib lub vaj tsiaj loj uas npog txog 7 hectares. Nws cov neeg nyob yog ntxhw, tsov ntxhuav, tsov, jaguars, giraffe thiab lub ntiaj teb no tus hlob tshaj alligator. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm lub vaj tsiaj yog albinos. Koj tuaj yeem pom tsov ntxhuav dawb, kangaroo thiab hma nyob qhov twg?
Belgrade Fortress: yuav ua li cas mus txog ntawd
Lub fortress yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog, opposite lub Ratny Island nyob rau hauv Belgrade. Tsis deb ntawm lub fortress yog Bayrakli Mosque thiab Cathedral ntawm Archangel Michael.
Tag nrho cov keeb kwm thiab kev tsim vaj tsev "Belgrade Fortress" nyob hauv thaj chaw loj. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm nws phau ntawv qhia yog muab rau Terziya Street, 3. Lub complex nws tus kheej nyob rau me ntsis ntxiv. Nws yog bounded by Parizhska Street, Tadeusz Koszczuska Street thiab Voyvoda Bojevic Boulevard.
Ntau tus tuists txaus siab rau Belgrade Fortress. Yuav tau li cas ntawm no? Koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm Kalemegdan park. Tsheb npav No. 26, 24, 79 thiab trams No. 2, 5, 11, 10, 13 tsis tu ncua mus rau nws. Koj yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm qhov nres "Kalemegdan 2".
Lub complex qhib rau kev mus ntsib txhua hnub. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov nws qhib thaum 11 teev sawv ntxov txog 7 teev tsaus ntuj, lub caij ntuj no los ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 5 teev tsaus ntuj
Nkag mus rau thaj chaw tsis pub dawb, thiab koj yuav tau them tus nqi nkag rau qee chav. Tus nqi yog:
- Clock tower - 80 dinars.
- Roman zoo - 120 dinars.
- Nebojša Ntauwd - 200 dinars.
