Nyob rau hauv Crimean ceg av qab teb, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Bakhchisaray, muaj ib qho amazing qhov chaw - Cape Kulle-Burun nrog ib tug ceev ceev dej Belbek ntawm ko taw. Nws nyob tsuas yog ib mais ntawm lub zos Maloye Sadovoye. Lub npe ntawm lub cape yog txhais ua "Tower Cape", thiab tsis nyob rau hauv vain. Nws muaj ib tug amazing fortress Syuyren rau nws. Txog rau hnub no, nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kev kawm tsis zoo tshaj plaws, cov tsev tsis paub meej thiab tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm Crimea thaum ub.
Dab neeg tsis meej pem
Txog tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb tsis paub tias xyoo twg lossis tsawg kawg yog xyoo pua lub fortress Syuyren tau tsim. Feem ntau cov historians ua raws li lub sij hawm ntawm lub VI-XII centuries, uas yog lub X caug xyoo. Nws ntseeg tau tias nws tau tsim los ntawm Byzantines, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd muaj thaj av Crimean.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub fortress yog los tiv thaiv qhov nruab nrab ntawm Crimean Gothia thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm txoj kev mus rau South Bank. Lub beam uas txoj kev mus rau lub pej thuam dag yog lub npe hu ua Turks Altyn-Isar-Bogaz. Kev txhais lusqhia qhov zais cia ntawm lub npe ntawm lub fortress nws tus kheej. Hauv Lavxias, nws suab zoo li "dhau mus rau Golden Fortress."
Cim npe ntawm kev sib hais hauv nroog
Los ntawm XIII caug xyoo, Syuyren fortress (Crimea) ua zoo li lub nroog me. Lub sijhawm no, lub tsev fuabtais ntawm feudal lord, uas yog tus tswv nyob deb nroog ntawm ko taw ntawm lub cape, nyob ntawm no. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th, lub fortification tau dhau mus rau hauv tes ntawm Theodorites. Tam sim no nws yog sab qaum teb outpost ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm. Thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho cov av no yog ib feem ntawm lub xeev ntawm Theodoro, historians thiab archaeologists sau tseg ib tug tseem ceeb kev vam meej ntawm lub nroog thiab nce nyob rau hauv kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm nws cov pejxeem.
Txoj kev xav
Historians hais tias cov tub rog Turkish tua yeej Syuyren fortress hauv 1475. Txij thaum ntawd los, yeej tsis tau hais txog nws. Tsuas muaj qee qhov kev xav txog qhov chaw nyob ntawm Crimean Goths Scivarin nyob rau hauv cov chaw no. Tej zaum nws yuav yog xyoo pua 18th.
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov nrov tshaj plaws txog kev swb ntawm lub fortress hauv 1299 los ntawm Tatar-Mongol conquerors.
Architectural nta
Syuyren fortress tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob daim ntaub thaiv phab ntsa. Lawv sib sau ua ke ntawm ko taw ntawm tus pej thuam puag ncig. Phab ntsa siab tshaj 4.5 meters siab tsim ib lub kaum sab xis (kwv yees 130 o). Lawv tsuas yog 110 meters ntev, tab sis muaj qhov dav dav - 2.5 meters. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom mus txog qhov kev sib haum xeeb los ntawm lwm sab - nws tau nyob ib puag ncig ntawm pob tsuas.
Nws ntseeg tias tus pej thuam yog ob-zaj dab neeg, thiab nws qhov siab yog li 12 metres (xws li parapet thiab merlons). Hnub no nws yog me ntsis tshaj kaum. Qhov chaw ua tiav cov qauv puag ncig. Nws yogpuag ncig los ntawm 1.5-meter ob-plhaub phab ntsa thiab tau npaj los tiv thaiv txawm tias kev sib ntaus sib tua txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.
Tag nrho cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev yog kab nrog limestone blocks. Lawv tau fastened nrog ib tug tov raws li tib lub limestone. Cov pem teb hauv pem teb yog lined nrog cov kab ntoo.
Txhua qib muaj peb qhov khoob. Ib qhov av tau teeb tsa rau sab hnub poob ntawm tus pej thuam. Nws ua kom nws txav mus tsis tau pom los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv tiv thaiv. Nyob rau sab nraud yog cov rooj vag siab thiab muaj zog. Lub tsev ntawm cov pej xeem zoo tib yam yog ua los ntawm pob zeb.
Muaj ib txoj kev zais cia ua rau ib lub pob tsuas, uas tau npaj rau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev los ntawm lub nroog.
Syuyren fortress muaj txog 1.7 hectares hauv nws cov khoom. Thiab nws tau muaj neeg coob heev. Sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm kev sib hais haum tau nyob los ntawm cov vaj txiv hmab.
Thaum tig ntawm XIII-XIV centuries, 300 meters los ntawm tus pej thuam, ib phab ntsa 145 m ntev thiab 1.2 m siab tau tsa, Archaeologists tseem tab tom sib cav txog nws lub hom phiaj. Feem ntau lo rau corral version.
Muaj cov lus qhia tias Syuyren fortress (daim duab ntawm lub pej thuam lees paub cov kev kwv yees) yog lub tsev ntawm tus tswv feudal. Tom qab ntawd, tus pej thuam qauv nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm yim meters tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib lub tsev teev ntuj. Hloov chaw ntawm lub platform, lub dome tshwm sim. Thiab ntawm cov duab ntawm sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa, cov duab ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov neeg ntseeg tau pom meej meej.
Peb hnub
Lub npe nrov Crimean av qeeg ua rau cov seem ntawm lub fortress puas. Thaum kawg ntawm 40s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, tau sim ua kom rov qab lub ntsiabpej thuam. Tab sis thaum pib ntawm lub 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, tag nrho cov txuas thiab fortified qhov chaw tau vau los ntawm tsis muaj laj thawj, thiab tus pej thuam rov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws thawj daim ntawv.
Hnub no, ntxiv rau cov qauv ntauwd, cov phab ntsa tiv thaiv nrog cov seem ntawm cov tsev, cov lauj kaub tais diav thiab kab laum tau muaj sia nyob.
Tseem muaj ntau tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi hauv cov chaw no. Lub fortress Syuyren yog heev txaus nyiam. Yuav ua li cas mus txog ntawm no, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv zos yuav qhia rau koj. Tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv lub zos Maloye Sadovoye muaj txoj hauv kev hla tus choj ntawm tus dej Belbek. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj kev tig, koj yuav tsum mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm kev sib haum xeeb thiab mus rau hauv lub reservoir. Qab nws pib txoj kev av. Tom qab taug kev ib mais thiab ib nrab, koj yuav tsum tig sab laug thiab ua tib zoo ua raws li cov cim liab. Lawv yuav ua rau yav dhau los Chelter-Koba monastery, nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua, maj mam nqaim txoj kev mus rau lub Kizilnik gorge. Nyob rau sab laug ntawm nws pib ib tug toj siab, uas coj mus rau ib tug ncaj txoj kev mus rau lub hav zoov. Thiab ntawm no nws yog, lub fortress Syuyren nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws lub yeeb koob!
