Astrakhan Kremlin: keeb kwm, duab, piav qhia

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Tsis ntev los no, cov qauv ntawm kev siv nyiaj so koobtsheej txawv teb chaws tau txais kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws. Qee lub sij hawm peb tsuas hnov qab tias peb lub teb chaws muaj cov cuab yeej cuab tam nplua nuj, ntau qhov chaw zoo nkauj thiab khaws cia keeb kwm monuments. Dab tsi yog qhov tsim nyog pom Smolensk lossis Veliky Novgorod, taug kev ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub nroog zoo nkauj ntawm Yaroslavl? Nws yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg yog ib lub lim tiam los tshawb txog txhua qhov chaw ntawm Moscow lossis St. Tab sis hnub no tsis yog hais txog qhov ntawd. Kuv xav tham txog lub nroog muaj koob meej ntawm Astrakhan thiab nws lub ntsiab architectural landmark - lub Astrakhan Kremlin.

me ntsis txog lub nroog

Astrakhan tuaj yeem raug suav hais tias yog lub peev Caspian ntawm peb lub tebchaws loj heev. Lub nroog tau kis mus rau kaum ib lub tebchaws ntawm Caspian lowland, thiab tus dej nto moo Volga kuj ntws los ntawm nws thaj chaw.

Thaum peb tham txog hnub so hauv Astrakhan, thawj yam uas los rau hauv siab yog kev nuv ntses thiab kev mus ncig hauv nroog, ib qho uas yuav tau tham hauv pebhnub no tsab xov xwm.

Zoo hmoo, Astrakhan Kremlin tsis yog qhov kev nyiam xwb, ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam kev ntseeg vaj tse, ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm ntau pawg, vaj tse thiab txawm tias kos duab. Lub Xeev Suab Nkauj thiab Yeeb Yam Ua Yeeb Yam tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.

Kev piav qhia

Lub Astrakhan Kremlin yog ib qho ntawm cov keeb kwm keeb kwm tseem ceeb ntawm Astrakhan, uas yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm tseem hwv tseem ceeb. Geographically, lub Kremlin muaj ib qho chaw zoo nyob rau hauv lub nroog, ntawm ib tug kob ntxuav los ntawm lub Volga, Tsarevka thiab Cossack Erik. Nws yog tsim nyog pib paub nrog tus masterpiece ntawm tub rog engineering kos duab ntawm ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th los ntawm keeb kwm.

History

Lub Astrakhan Kremlin yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm keeb kwm thiab kev tsim vaj tsev, keeb kwm uas muaj hnub rov qab mus rau 1558. Thaum pib, lub fortress tau xeeb los ua ib tug ntoo tag nrho, tab sis vim muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm Russia thiab cov tub rog Turkish-Tatar, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv muaj zog thiab txhim khu kev qha.

Kev tsim kho ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin pib thaum lub sijhawm kav ntawm Ivan VI qhov txaus ntshai, thiab xaus rau nws tus tub Fyodor Ivanovich. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias qhov seem ntawm lub cib ntawm lub qub peev ntawm Golden Horde tau ua cov khoom siv rau kev tsim kho. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog tias nws tsis tsuas yog ua haujlwm tiv thaiv, tab sis kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam.

Tam sim notus qauv yog tag nrho pawg ntawm cov tsev, qhov kev kawm uas yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg ob peb hnub. Qhov ntev ntawm Kremlin yog yuav luag ib thiab ib nrab kilometers, thiab qhov siab ntawm phab ntsa yog los ntawm 5 mus rau 8 meters. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev ua haujlwm ua lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua haujlwm. Txij li thaum xyoo 1974, qhov ntws ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tsis tau nres. Los ntawm no, koj yuav tsis tsuas qhuas lub architecture ntawm lub complex, tab sis kuj yuav mus xyuas lub ethnographic tsev cia puav pheej los yog ib tug exhibition uas yog tas li tuav nyob rau hauv lub Zeughaus.

Cia peb mus saib ze dua ntawm cov cim pom zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin.

Trinity Cathedral

Trinity Monastery yog thawj lub tsev hauv nroog. Thaum pib, ib lub tuam tsev ntoo tau txhim tsa ntawm no, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj zoo nkauj zeb. Tom ntej no mus rau Trinity Cathedral yog St. Cyril Chapel, muaj npe tom qab thawj tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj no, Kirill, uas tau muab faus rau hauv.

Assumption Cathedral

Assumption Cathedral yog lub tsev teev ntuj loj hauv Kremlin, nrog rau qhov piv txwv zoo ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj Lavxias. Qhov no yog thawj lub ntsiab lus uas ntes koj lub qhov muag thaum nkag mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Kremlin. Nws golden domes, ci ntsa iab nyob rau hauv lub hnub, muaj peev xwm ntes tau lub qhov muag ntawm txhua tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Lub Assumption Cathedral muaj ob pem teb, theem qis ua lub qhov ntxa rau hierarchs, thiab lub sab sauv yog npaj rau qhib mus ntsib - nws yog ib tug haum dav thiab kaj chav. Astrakhan Cathedral nyob rau hauv Kremlin yog tsim nyog pom rau txhua tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.

St. Nicholas Gate

Ib qho chaw tseem ceeb sib npaug ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Kremlin, nyob rau sab qaum teb mus ncig ntauwd. Ib zaug dhau los, Peter kuv tus kheej tau nkag los ntawm cov rooj vag no, tab sis tom qab ib ntus lub rooj vag Nikolsky tau raug hloov pauv loj thiab hauv daim ntawv no lawv tshwm sim ua ntej cov neeg tuaj ncig hauv peb lub sijhawm.

Belfry

Kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib yog nyiam los ntawm lub tswb nrov yim caum-meter, ua siab loj siab tshaj lub rooj vag tseem ceeb ntawm Kremlin hauv Astrakhan. Lub rooj vag, saum toj no uas lub tswb pej thuam raug ntsia, hu ua "Prechistensky". Lub tswb nrov niaj hnub no tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1910, thiab nws tseem muaj lub moos nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas ntaus txhua lub quarter ntawm ib teev.

Npis Sov Ntauwd

Txhua tus yees ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, thiab nws tsim nyog sau cia tias muaj ntau ntawm lawv thoob plaws hauv thaj chaw. Yog tias koj txav mus rau tom ntej me ntsis, ua raws li sab laug ntawm Prechistenskaya tswb pej thuam, piav qhia saum toj no, koj tuaj yeem khiav mus rau sab hnub tuaj kaum tsev, uas yog hu ua Npis Sov. Lub npe tau los ntawm Astrakhan diocese. Nyob rau hauv 1828, ib tug loj-scale reconstruction ntawm lub phab ntsa ntawm Npis Sov lub Tower tau ua. Daim duab ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.

Zitnaya ntauwd

Qhov txawv ntawm lub tsev no nyob ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib qho ntawm ob peb lub tsev uas tau muaj sia nyob txij li yug los ntawm Kremlin nws tus kheej. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias Zhitnaya Ntauwd yog lub tsev tiv thaiv tshaj plaws ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Kremlin. Nws yog surrounded los ntawm ib sab ntawm lub pas dej, thiab nyob rauLwm qhov yog ntau lub tsev ntawm lub vaj teb, hu ua "me me fortress".

Crimean Ntauwd

Yog tias kab lus dhau los yog hais txog cov qauv kev tiv thaiv tshaj plaws, Crimean Ntauwd tau rov ua raws li cov qauv tiv thaiv thiab tshem tawm Crimean raids. Vim muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ib puag ncig, Crimean Ntauwd tau rov tsim dua ntau dua ib zaug.

Rooj vag liab

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm Kremlin hillock thiab qhov tseem ceeb heev los ntawm qhov kev pom zoo. Lub pej thuam "Red Gate" yog polyhedron, qhov kev tsim no pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv tag nrho. Geographically, tus pej thuam nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm phab ntsa. Niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem pom cov staircases uas ua rau tus pej thuam uas tsis muaj nyob ua ntej - qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim kho dua tshiab hauv xyoo 1958.

Rooj vag dej

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, muaj ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej nrog lub qhov rooj ntawm lub qhov rooj Nikolsky thiab Red Gates. Thaum lub sijhawm rov tsim kho dua xyoo 1970, pom ib nrab qhov nkag nkag, lub npe hu ua "Water Gates", vim lawv tsuas yog qhov chaw zais cia rau ntug dej ntawm Volga rau cov khoom siv dej ntxiv.

Artillery (tsim txom) pej thuam

Ib zaug nws tau ua qhov chaw rau kev txiav txim plaub ntug thiab ntau yam kev tsim txom, qhov tseeb, qhov no yog qhov thib ob lub npe los ntawm. Yav dhau los, Green Yard tau txuas nrog nws - cov ntawv xov xwm qub hmoov, uas yog tib lub hnub nyoog zoo li lub fortress phab ntsa nws tus kheej.

Ncig saib thaj chaw ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin yog qhov txaus siab heev. Cov neeg taug kev tuaj yeem nthuav dav lawv lub qab ntug, kawmib yam tshiab thiab nco txog qhov qub uas tsis nco qab lawm.

museum

Raws li peb tau hais lawm, qhov kev nyiam sib cais yog suav tias yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm phab ntsa fortress. Lub tsev kawm ntawv thawj zaug qhib nws lub qhov rooj rau cov neeg tuaj saib hauv xyoo 1974 thiab tau ua tiav kev ua haujlwm rau hnub no. Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, kev ua haujlwm tau pib ntawm kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb, thiab lub complex nws tus kheej tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm kev cia.

Feem ntau ntawm kev nthuav qhia ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin yog cov tub rog xwm txheej, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, txhua tus neeg ncig tebchaws tau muab lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb kom paub txog keeb kwm ntawm lawv lub xeev. Kev tsim ntawm qhov chaw no ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev nkag mus rau thaj chaw tshiab rau Russia. Nws yog cov xwm txheej no tau qhib txoj hauv kev rau peb lub tebchaws mus rau Hiav Txwv Caspian.

Daim pib mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej tuaj yeem yuav ncaj qha ntawm lub nroog lub thawv ntawv lossis ntawm lub vev xaib raug cai. Tus nqi nkag rau cov neeg laus yog 300 rubles, rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv - 180 rubles thiab rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv 120 rubles. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, qhov kev thov rau kev mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej nce siab heev, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los npaj koj txoj kev ua ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntawm no koj tuaj yeem book ncig saib ntawm Astrakhan Kremlin. Nws yog ib advisable mus nrhiav tau tawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw.

Yuav ua li cas mus txog qhov ntawd

Cia pib ncaj qha rau lo lus nug no: koj nyob qhov twg? Cov neeg taug kev sab nraud tuaj ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub tebchaws, tsis muaj leej twg tau ntsib qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau lossis daim pib dav hlau. Cov tsheb ciav hlau ncaj qha khiav tsis tu ncua los ntawm Moscow, thiab lub nroog kuj muaj nws tus kheejInternational tshav dav hlau.

Lub nroog thauj mus tas li los ntawm chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau hauv Astrakhan. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau caij tsheb npav raws txoj kev "Lenin Square" - "Lub Kaum Hli Square". Nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem hla Kremlin vim nws qhov chaw yooj yim ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj hauv nroog. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm Kremlin yog lub tswb pej thuam loj, ci ntsa iab pom lub hnub ci hauv huab cua ntshiab. Pob zeb phab ntsa ua lub luag haujlwm sib luag: txij li thaum lawv qhov siab nce mus txog yim meters, nws tsis yooj yim kom tsis txhob pom cov qauv zoo li no.

Zoo kawg

Kab lus no tau ze nws qhov kev txiav txim siab. Astrakhan yog lub nroog tshwj xeeb hauv tebchaws Russia uas tuaj yeem ua rau koj xav tsis thoob nrog nws cov xwm txheej zoo nkauj, cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb xws li yos hav zoov thiab nuv ntses, nrog rau ntau cov duab kos duab.

Raws li lub ntsiab attraction ntawm lub nroog, lub zos Kremlin occupies ib qho tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev thiab yog ib tug zoo monument ntawm engineering thiab tub rog kos duab. Txhua tus neeg yuav tsum paub txog keeb kwm ntawm lawv lub tebchaws, thiab lub sijhawm pom txhua yam nrog lawv tus kheej lub qhov muag tsuas yog ntxiv dag zog rau kev paub hauv peb lub taub hau. Peb cia siab tias nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no koj tau tswj kom nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau koj tus kheej. Taug kev, nrhiav thiab kawm keeb kwm nrog peb. Hmoov zoo!