Italian palace: keeb kwm, piav qhia. Sights ntawm Kronstadt

Cov txheej txheem:

Italian palace: keeb kwm, piav qhia. Sights ntawm Kronstadt
Italian palace: keeb kwm, piav qhia. Sights ntawm Kronstadt
Anonim

Ntau tus neeg ncig tebchaws xav pom Italian Palace hauv St. Tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nrhiav ib tug attraction nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Neva. Tom qab tag nrho, lub palace, uas yuav tau tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, tsis yog nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, tab sis nyob rau hauv Kronstadt. Lub tsev zoo nkauj tseem hu ua Menshikovsky Palace, txij li nws tau tsim rau "Tus Tub Vaj Ntxwv Siab". Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias ib tug phooj ywg ze ntawm Peter lub Great muaj peb palaces. Thawj yog nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg nws tus kheej, qhov thib ob - nyob rau hauv Oranienbaum thiab lub thib peb - nyob rau hauv Kronstadt.

Thiab nws yog chav kawg uas cuam tshuam thawj ob ntawm kev zoo nkauj. Paradoxically, Menshikov tsis muaj sij hawm txaus siab rau tag nrho cov khoom kim heev no. Nws raug ntes thiab raug ntiab tawm, thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam mus rau lub xeev cov nyiaj txiag. Tab sis vim li cas Kronstadt ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim kho vaj tse? Dab tsi yog qhov txaus nyiam txog cov kob ntawm Kotlin, uas lub sijhawm ntawd nyob tsib caug kilometers ntawm St. Koj yuav kawm qhov no los ntawm kab lus no.

Italian palace
Italian palace

Sights of Kronstadt

Qhov chaw,qhov twg Peter lub Great txiav txim siab tso lub nroog, abounded nrog Islands tuaj. Ntawm ib tug ntawm lawv, Kotlin, huab tais hais kom ua ib tug fortress. Nws yuav tsum tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau lub qhov ncauj ntawm Neva los ntawm Swedish ships. Lub citadel tau tsim nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1704. Nws hu ua "Kronshlot" - lub tsev fuabtais vaj ntxwv. Tab sis cov tub rog fort tau maj mam overgrown nrog vaj tse rau cov pej xeem. Nees nkaum xyoo tom qab ntawd twb muaj ib lub khw muag khoom lag luam, nyob ib ncig ntawm cov tub lag luam nyob. Yog li ntawd lub npe tau hloov mus rau Kronstadt - lub nroog huab tais. Nws yog surrounded los ntawm forts, uas yog tam sim no nws lub ntsiab attractions: "Emperor Alexander I", "Kronshlot", "Totleben" thiab "Obruchev".

Muaj Lub Caij Ntuj Sov ntawm cov kob. Ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj ntawm Kronstadt, Vladimir thiab Naval Nikolsky Cathedrals yuav tsum tau hais. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, Menshikov Palace yog ib qho tseem ceeb attraction ntawm lub nroog-kob no. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub tsev no nrog cov keeb kwm nyuaj yog raws li nram no: Makarovskaya txoj kev, lub tsev 3. Niaj hnub no, Kronstadt tau tso tseg los ua ib tug kob nyob rau hauv lub nruj kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus: nyob rau hauv 1984, lub pas dej ua ke txuas nrog St. Petersburg los ntawm txoj kev loj.. Tab sis qhov chaw keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog yog nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm UNESCO, ua ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam ntiaj teb.

Italian palace kronstadt
Italian palace kronstadt

Vim li cas Italian Palace hu ua li ntawd?

Ib tug tau txais kev xav tias Alexander Menshikov nyiam cov kws tsim qauv los ntawm Apennine Peninsula los tsim nws cov chav. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog kev xav tsis raug. German architects tau saib xyuas cov haujlwm. Txoj haujlwm tsim kho yog tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse I. F. Braunshtein. G. Shedel tau saib xyuas txoj haujlwm. Raws li ib tug qauv, cov Germans coj lub palazzo, uas yog heev nplua nuj nyob rau hauvLtalis. Muaj kev xav tias cov neeg los ntawm Apennine Peninsula tau ua raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo tib yam thaum lub sij hawm tsim lub palace, tab sis cov qauv no zoo li tsis zoo li. Feem ntau, Menshikov tsuas nyiam Italian baroque style, thiab German architects tau hloov nws mus rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov kob hauv Gulf of Finland.

Lub tsev tau tsim los ntawm 1720 txog 24. Lub tsev Italian feem ntau hloov cov tswv. Cov tsev kawm ntawv tau nyob rau hauv nws, uas, raws li koj paub, muaj teeb meem heev rau lub tsev ntawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai muaj nuj nqis. Lub reconstruction ntawm A. N. Akutin thiab E. Kh. Anert, uas tau ua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hloov cov tsos ntawm lub palace.

Menshikov Palace chaw nyob
Menshikov Palace chaw nyob

History: 18th century

Thaum kawg ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm Italian Palace, Russia thiab Sweden tau kos npe rau kev sib tw, thiab Menshikov poob rau hauv kev txaj muag. Nws cov khoom tau mus rau lub txhab nyiaj. Nyob rau xyoo 1740, lub palace tau hu ua Tus Kheej Lub Tsev ntawm Nws Imperial Majesty. Nees nkaum xyoo tom qab, Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Admir alty tau tsiv mus rau Italian Palace. Kronstadt lub sijhawm ntawd muaj kev sib txuas lus tsis tu ncua nrog St. Petersburg tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij sov los ntawm kev caij nkoj caij nkoj. Yog li ntawd, lub xeev lub koom haum tsis nyob hauv lub tsev, txawm hais tias nws tau teev nyob rau hauv nws txoj cai. Tom qab ntawd lub tsev ntawm lub palace dhau mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm navigators, uas tau coj los ntawm Stepan Malygin. Los ntawm 1771 txog 1798 lub tsev tau khiav los ntawm Naval Cadet Corps.

Italian palace hauv Saint Petersburg
Italian palace hauv Saint Petersburg

Nineteenth century adjustments

In 1815, ib txwmkev sib txuas lus ntawm Kronstadt thiab St. Petersburg. Sailing tej nkoj nquam ntawm tus kheej cab kuj tau hloov los ntawm "cov nkoj hla" tshwj xeeb uas tsim los ntawm Charles Byrd. Nws yog thawj lub tsheb thauj neeg pej xeem hauv tebchaws Russia. Kotlin Island tau nkag mus tau ntau dua. Thiab los ntawm 1798 txog 1872, Navigator Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm St. Petersburg tau tsiv mus rau Italian Palace. Tom qab ntawd, lub tsev kawm ntawv no tau hloov npe hu ua Marine Technical, thiab ua ntej Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj tig nws hu ua Engineering.

Cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob hauv lub tsev keeb kwm tau muaj kev nyuaj siab tshaj plaws rau nws txoj kev nyab xeeb. Thiab lub sij hawm thiab cua huab cua tsis tseg lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv lub forties ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo, ib tug radical restructuring ntawm lub palace twb pib. Kev ua haujlwm tau ua raws li cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev Akutin thiab Stasov. Nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hnub poob ntawm lub palace, Cadet Garden tau nteg tawm, thiab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tshav puam loj - Admir alty Garden. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua, lub tsev tau nthuav dav (tsim los ntawm L. Novikov).

Italian Palace hauv Kronstadt qhib sijhawm
Italian Palace hauv Kronstadt qhib sijhawm

Italian Palace (Kronstadt) zoo li cas?

Thaum xub thawj, nws yog lub tsev peb-zaj tsim los ntawm Italian Baroque style. Nws facades tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog pilasters, bas-reliefs, zoo nkauj pob zeb vases. Lub ru tsev yog crowned nrog ib tug balustrade nrog ib tug duab puab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm raws li Italian Palace, lub pas dej tau khawb nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub ntsiab facade ntawm lub tsev. Tus kws kes duab vajtse Giovanni Fontana tau dai nws nrog ntau qhov chaw.

Lub pas dej no, muaj npe tom qab lub tsev teev ntuj Italian, txuas ntxiv mus rau Merchants chaw nres nkoj. Nws ua haujlwm rau lub caij ntuj no ntawm cov nkoj. Ob lub cranes ua haujlwm ntawm ntug dej, uas tshem cov masts ntawmnkoj, thiab thaum pib ntawm navigation lawv muab tso rau hauv lawv qhov chaw. Cov nkoj nqa ntses los ntawm Lake Ladoga kuj tau nkag mus rau Merchant Harbor. Rau kev lag luam, ib lub tsev tau tsa rau ntawm ntug dej, nco txog cov qauv ntawm ancient sij hawm. Lub tsev classicist no hu ua Fish Rows. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, ib tug plaub pem teb tau ntxiv rau lub Italian Palace.

Modern building

Qhov hluav taws kub uas tshwm sim xyoo 1926 rhuav tshem yam uas cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis lwj. Lub tsev tau rov qab los, tab sis nws dais me ntsis zoo li lub tsev qub. Lub palace tau yog Lub Tsev ntawm Tub Rog Liab, Sailor's Club, Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm B altic Fleet. Ces muaj ib tug ua yeeb yam. Txij li thaum kawg ntawm 2011, Italian Palace hauv Kronstadt tau raug xa mus rau Naval Tsev khaws puav pheej ua ib ceg. Hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum kab lis kev cai no yooj yim heev. Nws qhib thaum 8:15 teev sawv ntxov txog 5:15 teev tsaus ntuj, nrog rau noj su ntev ib teev. Lub tsev kaw rau hnub Saturday thiab hnub Sunday.

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