Lub tsev fuabtais Lida nto moo hauv Belarus

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Lida Tsev fuabtais yog ib qho chaw nto moo tshaj plaws architectural monuments ntawm Belarus. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1323 los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Prince Gediminas. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tiv thaiv thaj av los ntawm cov neeg ua phem ua qias ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania, uas nyiam thaj av dav dav ntawm cov teb chaws Europe no.

Tsim lub tsev fuabtais

Lida Tsev fuabtais, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, tau ua hauv thaj chaw swampy, ntawm qhov chaw uas cov dej ntws ntawm Kamenka thiab Lideya sib ntsib. Nyob rau sab qaum teb muaj ib tug moat uas txuas cov dej ntws thiab cais lub tsev ntawm lub nroog. Txhawm rau tsim cov qauv no, cov neeg tsim khoom muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib qho av xuab zeb dag. Ntxiv mus (nyob rau hauv lub 16-17 centuries), thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub tsev fuabtais fortifications, ib tug dag lub pas dej tau tsim nyob rau sab qaum teb sab.

Lida Castle hauv txoj kev npaj yog qhov tsis xwm yeem plaub ntug nrog 2 lub kaum yees. Nws cov phab ntsa tau ua los ntawm cib thiab rubble. Los ntawm txoj kev, cib nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Europe thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees yog nrov heev. Nws tau ua lub hauv paus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm "cib Gothic", uas, qhov tseeb, lub tsev fuabtais tau tsim.

Buildings

Hauv lub tshav puam ntawm lub tsev fuabtais muaj tsev neeg thiab cov tsev nyob, thaum txij li xyoo pua 16th thawj pem teb tau raug coj los ntawm lub nroog cov tuam tsev - tsev loj cuj, tsev khaws ntaub ntawv thiab tsev hais plaub. Lub tshav puam kuj muaj lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox, uas tau tsiv mus rau lub nroog xyoo 1533.

Ntawm cov phab ntsa sab qab teb, cov qhov khoob tseem khaws cia, uas yog qhov siab tib yam thiab tsis muaj tubeless, tab sis muaj qhov dav sib txawv. Muaj 3 hom nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Cov qhov khoob tau tsim nyog rau kev tua hneev nti thiab hneev.

Nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub tsev fuabtais muaj ib tug pej thuam nyob ze rau hauv txoj kev npaj rau ib lub xwmfab. Lub thickness ntawm phab ntsa yog li 3 m, thiab nws qhov siab yog ntau dua li 12-meter phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev.

Nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tshav puam yog tus pej thuam thib 2, xav tias tsim thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 14th. Tom qab ntawd lub tsev fuabtais fortifications tau tsim nyob rau hauv Belarus thiab Lithuania, raws li cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam tau ua ntau zaus thiab muaj zog. Lub pej thuam no kuj muaj cov duab plaub.

A castle in history

Lida Castle tau ntsib kev puas tsuaj loj los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th. Thaum pib, nws raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg tawg rog, uas ib feem plundered nws, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm cov tub rog Anglo-German. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th thiab 16th, lub tsev fuabtais tau tawm tsam los ntawm Crimean Tatars, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Svidrigaila thiab cov tub rog ntawm Yuri Svyatoslavich. Xyoo 1659, Lida Tsev fuabtais raug cua daj cua dub los ntawm Moscow.

Xyoo 1394, ib qho kev tawm tsam ntawm Askiv ntawm Lida tau tshwm sim, cov tub rog Fabkis kuj tau koom nrog. Cov neeg Askiv xav kom plunder lub nroog, tab sis cov inhabitants lawv tus kheej hlawv tag nrho cov tsev thiab nkaum nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais, yog li repulsing lub nres. Vim lublub nroog tsis muaj lub fortifications, lub tsev fuabtais yog kev cawmdim rau tag nrho cov pejxeem.

Lub nroog tau kub hnyiab xyoo 1891 vim muaj hluav taws kub hnyiab lub tsev fuabtais ib yam nkaus. Cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog tau pib muag nws cov khoom tawg, cib thiab pob zeb tau siv los kho cov tsev ntawm Lida. Tab sis tom qab ntau qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos, kev tsim txom thiab kev nyiag khoom raug tso tseg.

Restoration

Nyob rau lub sijhawm tsarist, kev kho dua ntawm lub tsev fuabtais pib. Tom qab ntawd lub Imperial Archaeological Commission faib 946 rubles rau kev kho dua tshiab, txawm tias me ntsis ua tiav. Hauv xyoo 1920, Polish cov kws tshaj lij tau ua haujlwm kho dua tshiab, txawm tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tau tsawg. Nyob rau hauv lub eighties ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov kws tshwj xeeb los ntawm Ministry of Culture ntawm Belarus tau rov qab los rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntauwd thiab phab ntsa, qhov twg hnub no lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub zos lore nyob. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog paub thaum mus ncig ua si rau Lida Tsev fuabtais, lub sijhawm qhib ntawm cov chaw ua yeeb yam: lawv qhib rau cov neeg tuaj saib txhua hnub, tshwj tsis yog hnub Monday, thaum sawv ntxov txog 7 teev tsaus ntuj.

Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev tsis ntev los no tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 2011, tab sis nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis txawm poob siab - lawv npau taws rau cov uas tsis quav ntsej! Muaj kev xav tias txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav tsis tu ncua, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txaus siab rau cov thawj coj thiab thim cov peev nyiaj uas tau faib rau kev kho dua tshiab.

cib nteg tau ua qee yam, artlessly thiab crookedly. Ib qho tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov mortar niaj hnub tau nkag mus rau hauv cov masonry, thiab vim li ntawd, qhov khoob loj tseem nyob hauv phab ntsa. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov cib, uas kuj yog "hnub no", thiab tsis yogthawj; nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw txawm tias hollow ceramites tshwm sim, uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab tsaus ntuj. Cov cib kuj muaj cov xim sib txawv, thaum lawv cov xim sib txawv tsis tau muab rau hauv tus account thaum tso.

Lida Castle: tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws

Ntau tus neeg ncig tebchaws tseem poob tom qab tuaj xyuas ntawm no. Lawv tawm tswv yim hais tias lawv tsis txaus siab xav tsis thoob thaum pom qhov nthuav tawm ntawm 1st pem teb, uas ua rau ntau tus neeg nco txog ib lub ces kaum ntawm keeb kwm hauv zos hauv tsev kawm ntawv tsev cia puav pheej. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov tsev fuabtais tau ua thaum ub. Qee cov neeg so haujlwm luag nyav, tham txog lub rooj uas tau teeb tsa hauv lub tsev loj ntawm lub tsev fuabtais - nws tsuas yog ci los ntawm ob peb tswm ciab, uas, hauv kev xav, yuav tsum muaj ntau dua; Thaj, txhais tau tias tau tseg rau lawv ntawm no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog incredibly tsaus ntawm no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg ncig teb chaw tawm kev tshuaj xyuas npau taws tias cov pob zeb tau siv nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev, thaum lub stairs yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj zog! Muaj tseeb xws li cov qauv yuav sawv rau ntau pua xyoo. Tab sis yog hais tias cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 14th tau paub ib yam dab tsi txog cov pob zeb, feem ntau yuav muaj keeb kwm ntawm Eastern Europe thiab Russia yuav txawv, thiab lub tsev fuabtais yuav tsis raug kev txom nyem xws li txoj hmoo raws li kev puas tsuaj ib ntus.