Mithridates (roob, Kerch): keeb kwm, duab, qhov siab

Cov txheej txheem:

Mithridates (roob, Kerch): keeb kwm, duab, qhov siab
Mithridates (roob, Kerch): keeb kwm, duab, qhov siab
Anonim

Hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov duab zoo nkauj Kerch, koj yuav pom Mithridates - lub roob uas sib txuas cov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub sijhawm Antiquity, Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub Nyoog thiab Hnub Nyoog Tshiab. Nws yog nws leej twg yog tus cim ntawm thaj chaw no. Cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj qus toj roob hauv pes yog khaws cia tag nrho ntawm no.

Kev piav qhia

Qhov siab ntawm Mount Mithridates tsis tshaj 92 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, thiab nws pom los ntawm txhua qhov chaw hauv nroog. Txhawm rau qhuas cov toj roob hauv pes zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw thiab azure ntawm Kerch Bay, koj yuav tsum tau nce lub lawj saib cov ntaiv, uas muaj 436 cov kauj ruam. Nws tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 19th. Cov qauv tshwj xeeb, nrog cov kauj ruam txuas mus rau hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj, tau tsim hauv Classicist style los ntawm Italian kws kes duab vajtse Alexander Digby. Majestic griffins nrog lub taub hau thiab tis ntawm ib tug dav dawb hau thiab lub cev ntawm ib tug tsov ntxhuav raug ntsia rau ntawm txhua kab raws tus ntaiv. Nyob ntawm ko taw roob yog lub Koom Txoos ntawm Yauhas cov neeg ua kev cai raus dej.

Qhov kev nyiam tshwj xeeb no tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw nyiam rau cov neeg hauv paus txawm thiab feem ntau tuaj xyuas los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj rau hauv nroog Kerch. Mount Mithridates, uas nws keeb kwm khaws ntau yam tsis meej thiab zais cia, yog ib yam khoom tsis meej. Ntau yam ntawm lawv yog kiag li unsolved.rau ntau centuries tsis yog kws tshawb fawb los yog archaeologists.

roob mitridates
roob mitridates

Ancient keeb kwm

Ntawm nws qhov chaw siab tshaj, Mount Mithridates (saib daim duab hauv tsab xov xwm) khaws cov cim keeb kwm ntawm ib lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb - Panticapaeum. Kwv yees li 26 centuries dhau los, nws tau majestically nyob rau ntawm nws sab saum toj thiab nqes hav. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, cov ruins, uas tau dim ntau eras, tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw rau excursions.

Lub roob tau txais nws lub npe rau kev hwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Bosporus - King Mithridates VI Eupator ntawm Pontus, uas tuav txoj haujlwm no hauv 120-63 BC. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug zoo txoj hauj lwm, nws ua nws lub palace nyob rau saum toj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub perimeter ntawm lub roob tuam tsev raug tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Greek vajtswv, luxurious tsev ntawm noble neeg. Thaum nws kav, lub nceeg vaj muaj nplua nuj thiab khoom kim heev.

Ua ib tug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Alexander lub Great, tus huab tais ntawm Pontus yog ib tug tshwj xeeb cwm pwm thiab ua ke ob tug opposite zoo nyob rau hauv nws tus cwj pwm: hlub rau kos duab, science thiab tshwj xeeb ua phem rau cov yeeb ncuab. Nws nyob hauv lub cev zoo. Raws li cov lus dab neeg hais, tus kav yog nplua nuj heev, tab sis, ntshai kev ntxeev siab thiab kev ntxeev siab, nws kom tag nrho nws cov kub thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub yuav tsum tau yaj mus rau hauv ob lub taub hau nees uas tau faus rau hauv av. Tseem tsis tau muaj leej twg nrhiav tau cov khoom muaj nqis li no.

Mithridates Mount Kerch
Mithridates Mount Kerch

pib ntawm qhov kawg

Vim nws tus cwj pwm muaj zog, nws tau twv tawm tsam lub tebchaws Roman uas vam meej. Cov kev ua tsov rog no muaj peb theem tseem ceeb thiab kav ntev li 26 xyoo. Ob zaug Mithridates VI Eupator tau los ua tus yeej hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis hauvnws yeej tsis yeej qhov kawg sib ntaus. Rov qab los tsev los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua kom sib sau ua ke ib pab tub rog thiab tawm los nrog cov tub rog tshiab, nws kawm txog kev ntxeev siab ntawm nws tus tub Farnak. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob cia nws tus kheej raug ntes thiab ua tsis ncaj ncees, tus kav txiav txim siab ua kom nws lub neej tas li los ntawm kev haus tshuaj lom, tab sis ntau xyoo ntawm kev maj mam ntxiv tshuaj lom tsis tau cia nws tuag. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau hais kom nws tus tub qhe ncaj ncees - tus thawj coj ntawm nws tus neeg saib xyuas - txhawm rau txhawm rau nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog li cas zaj dab neeg ntawm tus txiv neej zoo kawg nkaus, uas nws lub npe Mithridates (roob) yuav dais ntau pua xyoo.

Tom qab nws txiv tuag lawm, nws tus tub-tus neeg ntxeev siab tau los, tiam sis txoj kev kav ntawm Farnak tsis kav ntev - tsib xyoos tom qab ntawd nws tuag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Julius Caesar nyob ze lub nroog Zela. Cov xov xwm ntawm nws txoj kev vam meej Caesar tshaj tawm hauv Roman Senate nrog ib qho kev qhia uas tseem cuam tshuam rau peb lub sijhawm: "Kuv tuaj, kuv pom, kuv kov yeej!"

mount mitridates yees duab
mount mitridates yees duab

A monument rau peb lub sijhawm

Ntxiv rau qhov qub, Mithridates (roob) yuav nthuav tawm keeb kwm niaj hnub ntxiv rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws thiab so. Nws tsis pub leejtwg paub tias Kerch yog lub nroog hero. Nws nyob ntawm no, saum toj ntawm txoj kab nqes, qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav tau tawm tsam kom tso lub nroog los ntawm Nazi invaders.

Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1944, thawj lub monument rau cov tub rog uas tuag thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj tau tsim tsa rau saum roob - lub obelisk ntawm Hwjchim ci ntsa iab rau cov neeg tsis txawj tuag. Tus qauv yog 24-meter-siab stele coj mus rau saum ntuj, mounted ntawm ntau theem plinth. Qhov Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lub Hwjchim yog kho ntawm nws sab hauv nruab nrab.

Peb cov phom loj tau teeb tsa ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub monument.

Tom ntejmuaj ib daim ntawv memorial nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nplooj ntawv nrog cov npe ntawm tag nrho cov tuag, ua los ntawm marble.

Kaum plaub xyoos tom qab, Hnub Yeej, qhov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm Lub Teeb Nyob Mus Ib Txhis tau tshwm sim, uas kub hnyiab hauv qhov chaw, raws li cov lus dab neeg, lub rooj zaum ntawm King Mithridates sawv.

qhov siab ntawm Mount Mithridates
qhov siab ntawm Mount Mithridates

Lub monument tau tsim los ntawm AD Kiselev, thiab nws tau tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm Trinity Cathedral. Ua tsaug rau nws cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, obelisk ntawm Glory tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab ntawm qhov deb txog li 20 km. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm cov tub rog poob ntawm cuaj lub cev muaj zog-engineering battalion, txib los ntawm Lieutenant Colonel F. I. Kinevsky.

Mithridates Roob tau pom ntau ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los. Cov xwm txheej keeb kwm tseem ceeb heev rau noob neej tau tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov chaw siab tshaj. Nws pom kev vam meej thiab kev tuag ntawm lub nceeg vaj Bosporan.

Ntau tus neeg zoo tuaj ntawm no los qhuas qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm toj roob hauv pes uas qhib rau saum. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1699, Lavxias teb sab Tsar Peter kuv tau nce tus ntaiv, uas tuaj txog hla lub hiav txwv Dub ntawm nws lub nkoj nrog lub npe "Fortress". Lwm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm los ntawm kev tswj hwm dynasty kuj tuaj ntawm no: Alexander I, Nicholas I.

Tus kws sau paj huam A. S. Pushkin tau kos nws qhov kev tshoov siab thaum sau "Onegin", taug kev raws qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm lub roob. Nws yog qhov haujlwm no uas cim qhov pib ntawm kev tshawb pom poetic ntawm Crimea.

kerch roob mitridates keeb kwm
kerch roob mitridates keeb kwm

Kev kos npe ntawm kev sib haum xeeb hauv xyoo 1774 rau qhov chaw Mithridates nyob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm(roob). Kerch tau los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws

Nws muaj kev nyab xeeb los hais tias ib qho ntawm cov keeb kwm keeb kwm tseem ceeb ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb yog Mithridates (roob). Kerch yog lub nroog uas tshwm sim ua ntej koj ua lub tsev cia puav pheej qhib dav hlau. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev paub tsis nco qab, paub txog qhov loj ntawm cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim ntawm txoj kab nqes no. Thiab taug kev raws lub hauv av necropolis ntawm Panticapaeum, koj tuaj yeem kov cov qub txeeg qub teg, saib cov duab pob zeb.

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