Cologne: attractions, yees duab thiab piav qhia

2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14

Cov neeg Loos suav tias yog tus tsim ntawm Cologne. Nyob rau hauv 38 BC. e. Tus thawj coj Roman Mark Vispanius Agrippa tau tsim ib lub chaw tub rog nrog nws cov tub rog nyob ntawm ntug dej Rhine. Ua tsaug rau cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus thawj coj tub rog (nws kuj yog tus poj niam ntawm Emperor Claudius) Agrippina, lub chaw tub rog tau los ua kev sib haum xeeb thiab tau txais lub npe Colonia Claudius thiab lub thaj ntawm Agripines, uas tau txo mus rau Colonia (Cologne).

In 85 CE e. Cologne tau tshaj tawm lub peev ntawm German Inferior. Txoj kev nqaim tig mus rau hauv txoj kev pavements, muaj chaw da dej, chaw rau kev lom zem ua si. Ib puas xyoo tom qab ntawd, 15,000 tus neeg nyob hauv lub nroog Cologne. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 4th, thawj tus choj hla Rhine tau tsim.

Hauv 454, Franks txeeb tau lub hwj chim, muab King Clovis rau ntawm lub zwm txwv. Tom qab kwv yees li 100 xyoo, lub nroog mus txog qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Xyoo 1388, lub teb chaws Yelemees thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv qhib hauv Cologne.

Fab Kis kiv puag ncig xyoo 1794 tau ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm thiab tso siab rau Rhine rau Fab Kis, uas tau muab thaj chaw kov yeej rau cov tub rog Prussian ob peb xyoos tom qab. Tom qab xyoo 1900, cov pejxeem tau tshaj 600,000.

ModernCologne muab faib ua 9 koog tsev kawm ntawv: 4 yog lub qub quarters (sab laug ntug dej ntawm Rhine), 5 lwm tus tau sawv tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob.

Lub nroog Cologne hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes, uas nws pom tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm ntau pua xyoo ntawm keeb kwm, muaj ntau tus vaj tse monuments. Hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov vaj tse rov qab uas raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm foob pob.

Cologne Cathedral (los ntawm German Kölner Dom)

Thawj theem ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm Catholic Cathedral nyob rau hauv Gothic style pib nyob rau hauv 1248 thiab kav rau ob centuries. Kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsim kho loj tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1880. Tam sim no lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau qib thib peb ntawm cov tuam tsev siab tshaj plaws (157 m) hauv ntiaj teb thiab yog lub ntsiab nyiam ntawm Cologne, suav nrog hauv UNESCO daim ntawv teev npe.

Kev tsim kho ntawm cov yees coj qhov chaw raws li thawj cov duab kos tau ua hauv 1300. Cov vaj tse transverse, kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm facades tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th los ntawm EF Zwiener, uas khaws cov qub style ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.

Lub tsev teev ntuj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau pua sculptures, stained iav qhov rais, frescoes thiab mosaics, lub rooj vag yog cam khwb cia los ntawm tooj dag craftsmen.

Lub tuam tsev tau saib xyuas nws cov khoom muaj nqis txij li xyoo pua 13th. Cov khoom pov thawj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: lub hauv siab ntawm St. Engelbert nrog cov relics ntawm archbishop, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm St. Peter ntawm lub xyoo pua 4th, lub monstrance ntawm St. Peter, ib lub hauv siab nrog lub relics ntawm peb Magi, ib tug ob-meter crucifix ntawm Gero, lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.

Tau kawg, kev tsim kho thaj chaw ntawm qhov loj hauv Cologne tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj dab neeg tsis paub thiab dab neeg. Gerhard von Riehl, thawj architect, tsis ua tiavkos duab ntawm lub tuam tsev, thiab nws tig mus rau dab ntxwg nyoog pab. Nws tam sim ntawd tshwm sim thiab muab ib tug qauv kev sib pauv: daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv pauv rau tus ntsuj plig, uas yuav tsum tau muab tam sim ntawd tom qab tus qaib quaj. Tus kws kes duab vajtse pom zoo, tab sis nws tus poj niam, uas thaum kaj ntug ua raws li ib tug qaib ntxhw, los ua pov thawj rau qhov deal. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov duab kos tau dag ntxias tau, thiab dab ntxwg nyoog npau taws kwv yees lub ntiaj teb kawg nrog kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsim kho lub tsev teev ntuj.

Tsev khaws puav pheej Wallraf-Richartz (los ntawm German Wallraf-Richartz-Museum)

Ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej zoo hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv muaj ib lub gallery sawv cev rau qhov loj tshaj plaws nthuav tawm ntawm paintings los ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog mus rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kos duab nyob rau hauv ntau yam txuj ci (ntau tshaj 70,000 tej hauj lwm, nrog rau tej yam me me, sketchbooks thiab luam tawm graphics). Cov creation ntawm Cologne masters Stefan Lochner, tus tswv ntawm St. Veronica, tus tswv ntawm cov lus dab neeg ntawm Ursula thiab lwm tus tau khaws cia ntawm no. Baroque style yog sawv cev los ntawm cov duab los ntawm Rembrandt, Boucher, Rubens, Van Dyck. Sculptures los ntawm Renoir, Rodin, Houdon ntxiv rau qhov nthuav tawm. Thiab qhov no yog ib feem me me ntawm cov npe ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom loj uas tau nthuav tawm hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej.

Tsev khaws puav pheej Ludwig (los ntawm German Tsev khaws puav pheej Ludwig)

Rau cov duab niaj hnub - Ludwig Tsev khaws puav pheej, nyob ze ntawm Cologne Cathedral. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej sau koj tuaj yeem pom tej hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg nthuav qhia, surrealists, avant-garde artists, suav nrog Kandinsky, Malevich, Picasso.

Roman-Germanic Tsev khaws puav pheej

Yuav nyiam cov kiv cua ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws. Lub sijhawm npaj rau kev kawm hauv tsev cia puav pheej yog los ntawm Paleolithic mus rau qhov pibcov hnub nyoog nruab nrab. Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1946. Ntawm no yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntawm Roman pawg thawj coj - plaub caug xyoo AD. e., antique mosaics, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, xim iav khoom.

Cologne Philharmonic

Hauv thaj tsam tam sim ntawm Ludwig thiab Wallfraf-Richartz cov tsev khaws puav pheej, muaj ib lub tsev philharmonic ua rau xyoo 1986 hauv daim ntawv amphitheatre. Lub Philharmonic attracts connoisseurs ntawm classical, jazz, pej xeem suab paj nruag nrog zoo heev acoustics, tsim thiab world-class ua yeeb yam.

Monument to King Friedrich Wilhelm III

Equestrian pej thuam ntawm King Frederick III ntawm Prussia tau teeb tsa ntawm Heumarkt Square. Tus huab tais no tau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev yeej ntawm Napoleon cov tub rog. Niaj hnub no, qhov chaw Cologne no feem ntau siv los ua qhov chaw sib tham yooj yim.

Hohenzoller Railway Choj (los ntawm German Hohenzollernbrücke)

Tag nrho ntev 409 m. Qhib rau xyoo 1911 tsis yog tus choj Cathedral. Xyoo 1945, tus choj tau tawg los ntawm Asmeskas tub rog, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm thawj zaug tau siv sijhawm peb xyoos, thiab kev tsim kho zaum kawg tau ua tiav xyoo 1959. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1989, ob txoj hauv kev ntxiv rau cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab thiab cov neeg taug kev tau ntxiv rau plaub qhov uas twb muaj lawm.

Hnub no, tus choj nyiam ntau txhiab tus neeg nyiam, uas, raws li cov lus dab neeg, dai thiab kaw cov xauv xauv ua lub cim ntawm kev hlub.

kab tsheb

Lub nroog cable tsheb hla Rhine qhib hauvXyoo 1957 Hla dhau Rheinpark thermal da dej. Pom tau tias yog txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev thauj mus los hauv nroog.

Flora Botanical Garden

Lub tiaj ua si tau tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th los ntawm tus kws kos duab Peter Lenne. Kev tsim toj roob hauv pes tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov qauv: lus Askiv classics, pas dej, pob zeb nrog dej tsaws tsag, txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntoo qub ntau pua xyoo. Florists yuav xav tsis thoob los ntawm ntau yam paj: camellias, heather coexist nrog tropical, kab txawv nroj tsuag.

Cologne Zoo

Qhov no yog thaj tsam 20,000 square meter, uas muaj ntau dua 800 hom tsiaj nyob. Nws tau ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 1860 thiab tau txais yuav luag 2,000,000 tus qhua txhua xyoo. Cov neeg tuaj saib zoo siab nrog lub nceeg vaj ntawm cov tsiaj thiab noog, qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj yeem ntsib tsov thiab giraffes, ntxhw, rhinos thiab hippos, fur seals thiab penguins.

Chocolate Museum

Qhib xyoo 1993 los ntawm Imhoff-Stollwerk confectionery tuam txhab, uas nws cov khoom tau paub txij li xyoo 1839. Xyoo 2006, Lindt & Sprungli tau los ua lawv tus khub. Nws yog ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej uas tau mus xyuas ntau tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, nrog ntau dua 600,000 tus neeg tuaj xyuas txhua xyoo. Cov duab ntawm lub tsev, ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub nkoj, yog nthuav. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej yuav qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm chocolate, kev tsim tshuab los ntawm Maya thiab Aztecs rau peb lub sijhawm. Lub exhibition nta ntau hom qhob noom xim kasfes, thiab txawm tias muaj peb-meter chocolate ciav.

Beer Museum

Nov yog ntau lub rooj nthuav qhia, qhib rau xyoo 1982, qhov twgNtau tshaj 1000 hom npias thiab nws cov cwj pwm tau nthuav tawm. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj lub sijhawm los saj ntau yam npias los ntawm txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Köln Daim duab peb sab Viewpoint

Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej sab xis ntawm Rhine, ntawm 28th pem teb ntawm Orange Business Center. Qhov no 100-meter-siab soj ntsuam platform muaj zoo kawg li panoramic views ntawm lub sights ntawm Cologne. Daim duab thiab piav qhia yuav tsis qhia tag nrho cov kev xav tau txais thaum xav txog Cologne Cathedral thaum hnub poob.

Perfume Museum

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Ntsuj Plig (Farin's House) nyob rau sab nraud ntawm Lub Nroog Hall. Txij li thaum xyoo 1709, lub tuam txhab naj hoom tau nyob ntawm no, lees paub tias yog qhov qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej koj tuaj yeem pom cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm lub npe nrov Cologne dej - cologne, distillation apparatus, fwj ntawm txawv eras, paintings thiab duab.

Kev piav qhia ntawm qhov pom ntawm Cologne yuav ua tsis tiav yam tsis hais txog Cologne Carnival. Qhov kev lig kev cai no tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th thiab ua tus neeg nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Carnival muaj nyob rau thaum xaus Lub Ob Hlis thiab kav rau ib lub lim tiam ntawm Indian Thursday thiab Ash Wednesday.

Nov tsis yog ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho vim li cas thiaj tuaj xyuas Cologne, nws cov duab nyiam ntau lab tus neeg tuaj ncig txhua xyoo.

Cologne Town Hall, St. Martin lub Koom Txoos, Lub Koom Txoos ntawm Cov Thwj Tim Dawb Huv, Eigelstein Gate, Zatzwei Castle kuj yuav txais tos qhua thiab qhia txog keeb kwm nplua nuj.