Gusinoozersky (Tamchinsky) datsan yog lub tsev teev ntuj-tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Buddhists nyob hauv Buryatia. Nws muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj thiab muaj xwm txheej, nrog rau lub tuam tsev zoo nkauj. Kab lus no yuav qhia txog datsan, keeb kwm ntawm nws cov creation, nws nta thiab ntau ntxiv.
History
Tamchinsky datsan nyob hauv lub zos Gusinoye Ozero, koom nrog Selenginsky koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Republic of Buryatia hauv Russia. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1741 los ntawm Lama Lubsan-Zhimba ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus dej Temnik. Thaum pib, lub datsan yog ib qho yooj yim xav yurt. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, nws tau tsiv mus rau nws qhov chaw tam sim no, ntawm ib ntug dej ntawm Goose Lake, mus rau Mount Tsogto Khongor.
Qhov chaw tshiab rau kev tsim kho tau qhia los ntawm Shireete Lama (cathedral, zwm txwv) ntawm Tsugolsky datsan Damba-Darjey.
Tamchinsky datsan tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1750. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov no yog thawj lub tsev ntawm hom no nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, ua los ntawm ntoo.
33 xyoo tom qab, Gusinoozersky thiab plaub ntxiv datsans, nyob rau sab laug ntawm tus dej Selenga,cais los ntawm lub ntsiab hauj sam monastery, sawv nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Tsugol. Qhov tseeb, Tamchinsky datsan dhau los ua qhov chaw nyob ntawm qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm Siberian Buddhists.
Datsan hauv XIX-XX centuries
Xyoo 1848, lub tsev teev ntuj twb muaj 17 lub tsev teev ntuj. Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1858 txog 1870, cov txiv plig Buryat tau sau npe txhawb nqa kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia thiab txhim kho lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb - Tsogchen (lub tsev ntawm lub rooj sib txoos dav dav) los ntawm pob zeb.
Xyoo 1861, lub tsev kawm kev ntseeg kev ntseeg tau qhib rau ntawm datsan los cob qhia cov txiv plig yav tom ntej. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim ntau ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev ntseeg ntawm qib siab.
Tamchinsky datsan hauv Buryatia yog qhov chaw kev ntseeg ntawm cov neeg ntseeg txog xyoo 1930. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kev tawm tsam kev ntseeg tau mus txog qhov kawg, xyoo 1938 lub datsan yuav tsum raug kaw. Peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, lub tsev loj cuj rau cov neeg raug txim nom tswv tau nyob hauv nws lub tsev, thiab lub tsev khaws puav pheej tiv thaiv kev ntseeg tau qhib rau hauv ib lub tsev.
thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th
Xyoo 1957, tsoomfwv ntawm Buryat kev tswj hwm tus kheej tau tshaj tawm tsab cai tshaj tawm tias Tamchinsky datsan yog ib lub cim ntawm keeb kwm thiab architecture. Xyoo 1960, kev ua haujlwm loj loj tau pib.
Xyoo 1973, qee qhov khoom plig los ntawm datsan raug xa mus rau Ethnographic Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Trans-Baikal Peoples, uas nyob hauv Ulan-Ude.
Nyob rau nruab nrab lub Cuaj Hlis 1989, nyob rau theem ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ib lub tsev uas ploj lawm ntawm datsan, cov hauj sam nrhiav pom mos lwj pob zeb, uas yogfaib ua rau rau qhov chaw. Cov pob zeb zoo li no tau nruab ib sab ntawm lub ntxa lossis ncaj qha rau ntawm lawv. Lawv raug ntaus nqi rau hnub nyoog Bronze thiab pib ntawm Hnub Nyoog Hlau. Craftsmen los ntawm lub Hermitage raug caw los kho nws. Ib xyoo tom qab ntawd, cov slab tau rov qab ua tiav thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub tsev loj ntawm datsan.
Nyob rau xyoo 1990, Tamchinsky datsan tau pauv mus rau thaj chaw tswj hwm ntawm Central Buddhist txiv plig ntawm USSR. Ib xyoos tom qab, Dalai Lama thib 14 tuaj xyuas nws.
Kev piav qhia ntawm datsan
Datsan yog ib lub zos loj loj uas muaj kab sib chaws ntawm txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem ntawm lub zos duab plaub (130 x 150 meters), lub ntsiab lub tuam tsev ntawm lub datsan tau tsim, muaj peb pem teb - Tsogchen (lub tsev ntawm lub rooj sib txoos). Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws muaj xya lub tuam tsev me me (dugans, sume).
Ntawm cov tuam tsev me, lub tuam tsev Maidari sawv tawm, uas muaj ob theem. Nws muaj kaum ob-meter pej thuam ntawm Bodhisattva Maidari (Buddha ntawm lub sijhawm tom ntej). Nws tau tsim los ntawm Buryat cov neeg tsim khoom thiab npog nrog ib txheej ntawm gilding.
Nyob hauv ib lub tsev ntawm Tamchinsky datsan muaj lub tsev luam ntawv uas luam tawm cov ntawv hauv Mongolian thiab Tibetan.
lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm datsan
Txoj haujlwm ntawm Tsogchen - lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm datsan - tau tsim los ntawm tus kws tsim vaj tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, thiab tom qab ntawd kos npe los ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws lama. Sab hauv pem teb ntawm datsan, ua los ntawm pob zeb, mus txog ib qhov siab ntawm tsib meters thiab muaj ib tug yuav luag square zoo nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter. Nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb muaj 30 kab, thiab ib tug rau-kem portico adjoins nws. Hauv qhov ntawdlub tsev tau sau tag nrho cov lamas thiab cov hauj sam thaum lub sij hawm ntau yam ceremonies.
Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub tsev muaj ntau yam Buddha mlom, uas nyob rau ntawm cov pedestals tshwj xeeb, thiab thaj chaw tau teeb tsa ntawm lawv. Lwm cov phab ntsa yog kab nrog cov duab ntawm Buddha, nrog rau cov khoom dai ua los ntawm ntau yam ntaub.
Lub tsev thib ob ntawm lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb tau tsim los ntawm cov cav ntoo thiab tom qab ntawd muab qhwv nrog board. Nws yog crowned nrog lub ru tsev elegant, txhua lub ces kaum ntawm uas yog bent upwards. Lub tuam tsev nce mus txog qhov siab txog 19 meters thiab zoo li zoo nkauj heev. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv Tamchinsky datsan, haiv neeg lama (Budaev) yog tas li nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub tuam tsev; ib co pilgrims tswj kev sib txuas lus nrog nws, uas yog xam tau tias yog ib tug zoo kev vam meej.
Lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm datsan yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Buryat lub tuam tsev architecture ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab raug suav hais tias yog ib qho kev tsim vaj tsev.
Tamchinsky datsan: yuav ua li cas mus txog ntawd
Datsan nyob 150 km ntawm Ulan-Ude, uas tau siv los taug kev mus ntev heev. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2015, txoj kev tshiab tau tsim, uas tso cai rau koj mus rau datsan nrog kev nplij siab. Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau los ntawm Ulan-Ude, tab sis koj tuaj yeem mus rau Gusinoozersk. Ua li no, ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb npav Selenga, koj yuav tsum caij tsheb npav raws txoj kev: Ulan-Ude - Kyakhta. Tom qab ib teev thiab ib nrab koj yuav mus txog Gusinoozersk. Yuav kom tau mus rau datsan nws tus kheej, koj yuav tau hitchhike.
Ntau tus mus rau Tamchinsky datsan los ntawm tsheb tavxij. Kev taug kev los ntawm chaw nres tsheb npav mus rau Ulan-Ude yuav raug nqi 800 rubles.
Rau ntawmUlan-Ude thiab tau paub txog nws ntau qhov kev pom thiab qhov xwm txheej zoo nkauj, koj yuav tsum tau mus xyuas Tamchinsky Datsan, uas tau khaws cia cov kab lis kev cai qub thiab nthuav ntawm Buryatia.
