2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14
Karst qhov tsua yog cov shafts ntuj, kab noj hniav thiab qhov dej uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm cov pob zeb soluble. Lawv muaj thaj tsam meej, thiab ua tsaug rau cov av nplaum thiab limestone, cov vaults muaj zog tau tsim. Hauv thaj chaw uas lub caij ntuj no txias,
cua txias nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov tsua thiab stagnates nyob rau ntawd, yog li huab cua kub nyob ze ze rau xoom txawm nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov. Thiab ice crusts, stalactites thiab stalagmites tsim rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Lub qhov tsua dej khov Kungur, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Perm, yog ib lub qhov tsua nto moo tshaj plaws thiab loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov ntev ntawm nws txoj kab yog yuav luag rau km. Nws nyob hauv lub roob dej khov, ntawm sab xis ntawm tus dej Sylva.
Qhov twg karst qhov tsua tsim, pob zeb xws li limestone thiab gypsum, chalk, dolomite, marble thiab ntsev tshwm sim. Muaj dej nag txaus thiab kev hloov siab. Karst qhov tsua muaj ntsug dips, qhov dej, shafts, inclined passages, crevices, halls thiab labyrinths. Ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab muaj stalagnates, stalagmites,
stalactites tsim los ntawm drip-sintering thiab capillary-film helictites, crystallicites thiabcorallites. Cov dej ntws hauv av, cov dej tsaws tsag ntws hauv qhov tob ntawm lub qhov tsua, cov pas dej nrog cov duab zoo nkauj "shores" yog tsim. Lub qhov tsua yog qhov tshwj xeeb microclimate. Lub npe hu ua speleofauna yog vim tsis muaj lub hnub ci thiab nce siab ntawm carbon dioxide. Cov huab cua kub sab hauv yog qhov tsis tu ncua thiab sib npaug rau qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kub ntawm thaj chaw uas lawv nyob ib sab.
Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub roob Ural, ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Bashkortostan, muaj lub qhov tsua Shulgan-Tash. Xyoo 1950, Soviet archaeologist A. V. Ryumin kawm lub qhov tsua no. Nws nrhiav tau pob zeb paintings ntev li ntawm ib thiab ib nrab kilometers. Cov duab ntawm rhinos, mammoths, nees thiab bison tau ua hauv ocher. Cov seem ntawm cov neeg pom thaum khawb, cov pob txha tsiaj, charcoal ua pov thawj tias cov neeg nyob ntawd ntau tshaj kaum plaub thiab ib nrab xyoo dhau los. Tam sim no lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsua.
Karst qhov tsua hauv tebchaws Russia muaj ntau heev. Lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Sayans thiab hauv cheeb tsam Moscow. Tag nrho cov qhov tsua ntawm cheeb tsam Moscow yog cov khoom tsim tawm. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, pob zeb raug coj los ntawm cov chaw no rau kev tsim kho ntawm Moscow. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee qhov kev sib tsoo tau tawg, lwm qhov tsim los ntawm kev ua txhaum thiab tawg. Tam sim no, cheeb tsam Moscow karst qhov tsua yog ntev tshaj li cov Caucasian. Lawv nyiam cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg ncig tebchaws. Tib neeg, sim ua kom lub ntsej muag grey hauv lub neej txhua hnub, ua kev zoo siab rau hnub yug, tshoob kos thiab lwm hnub so. Kev coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo hauv lub qhov taub qee zaum ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj. Vim li no, txoj kev nkag mus rau cov chaw txua txiag zeb raug kaw los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm.
Tsis ntev los no, karst qhov tsua tau siv los ua tshuaj. Lawv cov microclimate muaj kev kho zoo rau cov neeg mob hawb pob bronchial. Qhov siab ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab ionization ntawm huab cua hauv qhov tsua muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab plawv. Thawj lub tsev speleoclimatic yog nruab rau hauv lub sanatoriums "Prikamye" thiab "Malakhit" nyob rau hauv lub resort ntawm Ust-Kachka.
Pom zoo:
Antigua thiab Barbuda ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntiaj teb: peev, chij, npib, pej xeem thiab thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev cov kob. Lub xeev ntawm Antigua thiab Barbuda nyob qhov twg thiab qhov kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas txog nws yog dab tsi?
Antigua thiab Barbuda yog lub xeev ntawm peb lub tebchaws nyob hauv Hiav Txwv Caribbean. Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws no tab tom tos rau cov ntug hiav txwv tshwj xeeb, lub hnub maj mam, cov dej ntshiab ntawm Atlantic thiab kev tos txais zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg hauv zos. Ob tus neeg uas ntshaw kev lom zem thiab cov uas nrhiav kev thaj yeeb thiab kev nyob ib leeg tuaj yeem muaj lub sijhawm zoo ntawm no. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog thaj av tej yam yees siv no, nyeem tsab xov xwm no
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