Valley of Geysers hauv Kamchatka. Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka - duab. Volcanoes thiab geyers ntawm Kamchatka

Cov txheej txheem:

Valley of Geysers hauv Kamchatka. Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka - duab. Volcanoes thiab geyers ntawm Kamchatka
Valley of Geysers hauv Kamchatka. Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka - duab. Volcanoes thiab geyers ntawm Kamchatka
Anonim

Zoo heev, zoo kawg, thaj av thaj tsam ntawm Kamchatka Valley ntawm Geysers yog thaj av zoo kawg nkaus, zoo li yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thiab txawv txawv ntawm cov kws sau ntawv keeb kwm tshawb fawb. Nws yog txhua yam zoo kawg uas qhov chaw zoo nkauj, zoo kawg nkaus tau pom tsis ntev dhau los, xyoo 1941.

Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka
Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka

Qhib Hav

Lub Plaub Hlis 1941 tau cim los ntawm lub ntiaj teb qhov kev tshawb pom loj tshaj plaws - Lub Hav ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka tau rub daim ntaub thaiv qhov zais cia ntawm nws lub neej. Nws tau pom los ntawm geologist Tatyana Ustinova ua ke nrog cov lus qhia, ib haiv neeg ntawm cov chaw no, Anisifor Krupenin. Qhov kev tshawb pom no yog qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo thiab tshwm sim thaum kawm txog lub neej thiab dej kev tswj hwm ntawm tus Dej Shumnaya nrog nws cov dej ntws los ntawm cov caldera ntawm lub roob hluav taws Uzon nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm feem ntau nkag tsis tau.

Valley ntawm Geysers hauv kamchatka yees duab
Valley ntawm Geysers hauv kamchatka yees duab

Ua ntej ntawd, tsis muaj leej twg pom geysers nyob rau sab av loj Esxias, txawm tias tsis muaj kev xav hauv kev tshawb fawb tau muab tso rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, txawm tias muaj ntau ntawm cov roob hluav taws, qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsis tshua muaj qhov ntsuas kub yuav tshwm sim,uas yuav tsum tau rau lawv qhov tshwm sim thiab ua haujlwm. Tsis muaj ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb nyob rau sab av loj.

Pearl ntawm Kamchatka

Lub Hav Geysers hauv Kamchatka nyob hauv lub hav dej ntawm Geysernaya River, nyob thaj tsam li 6 square kilometers. km ntawm thaj chaw, uas muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov dej kub, geyers, av nkos. Cov chaw thermal tshwj xeeb, pas dej thiab dej tsaws tsag - zoo li txhua qhov kev xav paub ntuj tau sau rau hauv thaj chaw me me no. Qhov sib txawv loj heev ntawm microclimate thiab ntuj puag ncig tau ua rau muaj kev sib txawv loj heev ntawm cov kab mob muaj sia thiab lawv cov tsiaj hauv ecosystem uas nws nyuaj rau ntseeg.

Geysers hauv Kamchatka
Geysers hauv Kamchatka

Ntau pua qhov dej kub nyob hauv dej ntws thiab hauv qab ntawm Geyser Lake. Muaj ntau tshaj 20 lub geysers loj nyob rau hauv lub hav, uas yuav luag boiling dej ib ntus gushes thiab kub jets rush upwards steam. Xyoo 1996, Lub Hav tau ntxiv rau cov npe ntawm thaj chaw ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm UNESCO.

Lub Xya Hli Ntuj Ntiaj Teb

Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ecological ntawm lub hav yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj kev kub ntxhov nrog cov dej hluav taws xob hauv av, uas ua rau muaj kev xav thiab tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej uas nws yog qhov kev xav thib xya ntawm Russia. Lub Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka tau txais cov xwm txheej siab tshaj plaws hauv xyoo 2008.

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov ecosystem yog qhov yooj yim heev, yog li ntawd, kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig yog qhov tsim nyog thiab ua haujlwm tas li, thiab kev mus ncig ua si ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia yog qhov txwv hnyav. Txij li thaum 1992, neeg mus ncig tebchawstuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus tau tsim ib tug meej lub koom haum ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub tours nyob rau hauv ua raws li ib tug tag nrho cov txheej txheem nruj me ntsis raws li txoj cai thiab yuav tsum tau kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm lub system. Cov kev txwv tseem ceeb yuav siv rau kev nkag mus rau hauv hav zoov ywj pheej. Lub Valley ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb tau ntev, yog ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb rau kev ncig ua si.

loj geyser nyob rau hauv kamchatka
loj geyser nyob rau hauv kamchatka

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm xyoo 1941, kev piav qhia ntawm txhua qhov chaw qhib geyser tau tsim. Tatyana Ustinova nco qab tias tib lub sijhawm lawv tau muab cov npe raws li lawv cov qauv tsim, lub zog ntawm chav thiab dej ejection, xim ntawm geyserite, lossis lwm yam cim ntawm txhua tus. Piv txwv li, Giant geyser hauv Kamchatka yog ib lub npe uas hais rau nws tus kheej. Qhov no yog lub pas dej kub loj tshaj plaws. "Firstborn" - ib tug geyser, thawj pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. "Slit" tso cov dav hlau ntawm chav thiab dej los ntawm qhov sib txawv, thiab "Triple" - los ntawm peb qhov ib zaug. Geysers hauv Kamchatka muaj ob lub npe romantic thiab tswv yim: Malachite Grotto, Pearly, Pink, Rooj vag ntawm ntuj raug txim, Insidious, Skovorodka, Ob chav, Me, Loj, thiab lwm yam Geyser "Averiy" immortalized lub npe ntawm tus naas ej hydrogeologist Valery Averyev.

Geyser tawg yog qhov pom zoo kawg. Nws pib nrog ib tug muaj zog txaws, ejection ntawm ib kem dej mus txog 30 m, thiab khiav huab cua - mus txog rau ob peb puas meters. Tus ciav ntaus rau ob feeb, ces lub geyser "cia tawm chav". Thiab ib zaug ntxiv, kev npaj rau kev tawg tom ntej pib - maj mam sau cov griffin nrog dej. Tag nrho lub voj voog ntawm qhov chawyuav siv sij hawm yuav luag 5 teev. Txhua geyser nyob hauv nws tus kheej hom tshwj xeeb thiab ua haujlwm nrog qhov tseeb ntawm Swiss watch. Qhov kub ntawm cov dej ejected thiab chav mus txog qhov kub siab tshaj plaws.

Valley Cataclysms

Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov kev xav ntawm ntuj tsis nyob mus ib txhis. Lawv lawv tus kheej raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov ntsiab lus, uas tsis tuaj yeem kho tau. Piv txwv li, Typhoon Elsa, uas swooped nyob rau hauv 1981, ua rau hnyav los nag uas ho nce qib dej hauv tus dej. Thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm dej nyab yog qhov kev puas tsuaj ib nrab ntawm ntau qhov chaw thiab kev puas tsuaj tag nrho ntawm Bolshaya Pechka geyser.

Lub Rau Hli 2007 yog kev puas tsuaj rau lub hav geyser. Ib qho av loj heev, uas tsim cov av nkos nrog qhov ntim ntawm 20 lab m 3ntawm pob zeb, thaiv cov channel ntawm Geysernaya River. Cov av nkos tsis tau tsuas yog thaiv cov channel xwb, tab sis kuj maj nrawm rau nws, nres qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub rooj vag Triumphal nkaus xwb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev sib tsoo txuas ntxiv ntawm cov av qeeg nyob rau sab saud ntawm Geyserny Creek tsim cov khib nyiab avalanches uas tau nqis los thiab ua tiav kev tsim lub pas dej. Tsuas yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb tau cawm lub helipad thiab cov neeg tuaj saib qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw cia los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Cov av nkos npog ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim no. 13 ntawm qhov nthuav tshaj plaws uas ploj lawm hauv lub pas dej ua ke.

Like a phoenix

Cov npe ntawm geyers hauv Kamchatka
Cov npe ntawm geyers hauv Kamchatka

Txawm hais tias lub hav ntawm Geysers hauv Kamchatka tsis ntseeg tau raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm av qeeg thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig, tom qab lub pas dej tawg, cov dej tau nqis los ntawm 9 meters, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov geysers rov qab los. Cov av nkos tshiab uas tau tshwm sim hauv 2013 thaum kawg tau ruaj khovecosystem ntawm lub hav, rov ua hauj lwm ntawm yav tas los kub springs thiab pab tsim ib tug tshiab.

Lub hav ntawm Geysers, zoo li lub neej nyob, hloov pauv tas li. Nws tsis tuaj yeem pom nyias los ntawm cov kab ke txawv txawv txawv txawv uas tau tsim nyob ib puag ncig nws. Cov chaw tshwj xeeb, nthuav kev tshawb pom, lub npe ntawm geysers hauv Kamchatka - thaj av uas tsis paub tseeb uas muaj kev paub tsis meej thiab khawv koob uas koj tsis tuaj yeem siv.

Pom zoo: