Altai Reserve - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw Altai

Cov txheej txheem:

Altai Reserve - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw Altai
Altai Reserve - qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw Altai
Anonim

peb cov neeg tiam 21 no yeej coj tsis tau mus deb ntawm kev vam meej ntau tshaj ob peb hnub, tsis muaj, tsis muaj, thiab pib nostalgic rau cov hnub uas peb yuav carelessly taug kev nyob rau hauv lub tiaj ua si, nyob rau hauv lub zos los yog hmo ntuj nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev pheeb suab ntawm campfire.

Puas tseem muaj peev xwm nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no? "Tau kawg," cov neeg taug kev caij nyoog yuav teb. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua raws li txoj kev npaj, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv qhov chaw nyob. Piv txwv li, mus rau Altai Reserve. Vim li cas koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw no? Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm nws tau ntau xyoo tam sim no, ob qho tib si cov neeg nyob hauv cov neeg nyob sib ze thiab cov qhua tuaj nyob ze thiab txawv teb chaws tau tuaj ntawm no txhua xyoo nrog kev txaus siab.

Kab lus no yuav tsis tsuas yog qhia cov neeg nyeem seb West Altai Reserve nyiam li cas, tab sis kuj tseem qhia ntau cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig tsim nyog rau kev ua si lom zem hauv xwm.

Altai reserve
Altai reserve

Kev piav qhia dav dav

Lub Xeev Altai Reserve tau pib ua haujlwm ntev dhau los, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 7, 1967, thaum tsim thaj chaw tiv thaiv tshiab ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw uas muaj txij li xyoo 1932 txog 1951.thaj chaw ntsuab.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thaj chaw thaj chaw nws nyob hauv toj siab ntawm Siberia yav qab teb thiab npog thaj tsam Turochaksky thiab Ulagansky ntawm Altai koom pheej.

Lub Altai Reserve khav theeb thaj tsam ntawm 881,238 hectares.

Nco ntsoov tias qhov ntev ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia ntawm sab qab teb mus rau sab hnub poob yog 230 km, thiab qhov dav yog 30-40 km.

Lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj

Lub Altai Nature Reserve tau tsim los ua kom tiav cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb.

Peb yuav sim sau cov uas yooj yim tshaj plaws:

  • khaws cia qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tsis tshua muaj hauv kev zoo nkauj Lake Teletskoye thiab nws cov toj roob hauv pes;
  • tiv thaiv cedar forests;
  • Txuag cov tsiaj qus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas nyob rau ntawm qhov kev ploj tuag, xws li mos lwj, elk, sable thiab lwm yam.

Tsis tas li, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov khoom cia no suav nrog kev xav rau kev kawm nyob ruaj khov ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm thaj av tag nrho. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Altai State Nature Reserve yog lub sijhawm los muab, khaws cia thiab kawm:

  • raug thiab cim ecological systems;
  • natural course of natural phenomena and processes;
  • nyiaj txiag caj ces ntawm flora thiab fauna;
  • ib hom tsiaj thiab cov zej zog ntawm tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag.
sab hnub poob altai reserve
sab hnub poob altai reserve

Ntseeg ntawm lub zos flora

Reserves ntawm lub Altai Territory feem ntau, nrog rau cov saum toj no-hais chaw nyob rau hauv particular, yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj, thiab tej zaum tag nrho cov cim nroj tsuag.

Cov ntoo ntau tshaj plaws yog fir, spruce, larch, birch, cedar, ntoo thuv. Alpine ecologically huv cedar hav zoov suav hais tias yog kev txaus siab tiag tiag.

Nws nyuaj rau xav txog tias qee zaum txoj kab uas hla ntawm tsob ntoo cedar loj tuaj ntawm no tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1.8 meters, txawm hais tias nws muaj hnub nyoog yog 400-450 xyoo.

Feem ntau, West Altai Reserve yog nplua nuj thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nws muaj txog 1500 hom nroj tsuag siab, 111 fungi. Muaj 272 hom lichens ib leeg.

Muaj 668 hom algae paub rau noob neej nyob rau hauv cia. Xya hom lichens los ntawm kev sau, uas cov reserves ntawm Altai Territory muaj peev xwm khav tau ntawm, muaj npe nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Russia. Cov nroj tsuag qis no suav nrog chav kuaj (ob leeg reticulate thiab ntsws), ciam teb stikta thiab lwm yam.

Nws yog qhov nthuav tias hauv cov chaw no muaj ntau hom tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag. Muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam hauv zos ntawm huab cua thiab ntuj-keeb kwm tej yam kev mob, raws li zoo raws li complex relief nrog heights mus txog 3500 meters nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw.

Ntawm 1500 hom tsiaj cov neeg sawv cev paub ntawm no, muaj cov kab mob thiab cov relics. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub cia yog tsis tsuas yog impressive, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv zoo heev: nyob rau hauv lub hlws ris ntawm lub Altai, Tuva thiab Sayan roob systems. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nplua nuj fauna ntawm lub cia yog txiav txim los ntawm ntau yam ntawm tej yam ntuj tso tej yam kev mob, raws li zoo raws li complexity ntawm biogeographic ciam teb thiab ntuj.keeb kwm kev loj hlob.

tsiaj ntawm Altai reserve
tsiaj ntawm Altai reserve

Tsiaj ntawm Altai Reserve

Sable yog ib hom tsiaj loj ntawm fauna nyob hauv Altai taiga. Cov txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo cedar tuav qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv nws cov zaub mov, yog li kev faib cov tsiaj no hauv thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw cia yog nyob ntawm kev faib ntawm cedar, thiab Altai Reserve muaj cov ntoo txaus.

Ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg, mos lwj, reindeer, Siberian roe mos lwj, Siberian tshis, Siberian musk mos lwj thiab roob yaj nyob ntawm no.

Ntau hom tsiaj nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw cia yog maral, taiga- roob mos lwj loj. Zoo li txhua tus mos lwj, txhua xyoo thaum pib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws tso nws cov antlers, thiab cov tshiab loj hlob tuaj. Cov antlers hluas hu ua antlers. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov ntaub ntawv raw rau tshuaj.

Ntshai inhabitants of reserve

Siberian musk mos lwj tau pom nyob hauv hav zoov ntawm Altai Reserve. Nws tsis muaj horns, tab sis muaj zoo-tsim fangs ntawm cov pos hniav sab sauv. Lawv qhov ntev yog kwv yees li 10-12 cm. Cov musk caj pas ntawm cov txiv neej musk mos lwj tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab zoo.

Qhov chaw cia no, nrog rau Tigireksky Reserve ntawm Altai Territory, yog nto moo raws li ib qho chaw nyob rau lwm yam tsiaj tsis tshua muaj - Siberian roob tshis.

Nyob rau sab qab teb, nrog rau thaj chaw uas nyob ib sab, cov yaj roob yog nyob rau hauv qus. Muaj tseeb, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias vim yog extermination ntawm ob leeg predators thiab tib neeg, cov tsiaj no tsuas yogob peb lub kaum, yog li ntawd lawv, nrog rau cov tsov txaij daus, tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab.

Muaj tsawg tus neeg paub tias tsuas yog 35 xyoo dhau los muaj ib tug npua qus nkag los ntawm Tuva. Thiab niaj hnub no nws twb muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm no cia, nws ntse breeds thiab maj nce nyob rau hauv tus lej.

Lub Altai Reserve kuj suav hais tias yog tsev rau cov tsiaj nyeg loj xws li hma, dais, wolverine thiab lynx. Tus dais nyob hauv roob Altai. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mobile thiab tsim ib tug ncaj high speed thaum khiav. Ua ntej mus rau lub lair, nws accumulates ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov rog, uas yog xam tau tias yog kho. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum yav tsaus ntuj thiab thaum sawv ntxov, dais tuaj yeem pom cov tsiaj nyeg nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm cov roob, qhov chaw lawv noj cov tub ntxhais hluas tua.

Nature reserves ntawm lub Altai Territory
Nature reserves ntawm lub Altai Territory

Structure of the reserve

Tam sim no, Altai Reserve muaj plaub chav haujlwm:

  • scientific;
  • kev kawm ib puag ncig;
  • kev ruaj ntseg;
  • kev lag luam.

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev khaws cia yog ua nrog kev pab ntawm lub tuam tsev tiv thaiv.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb yog kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv ntuj complexes nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Altai Reserve. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshawb fawb, kev tshawb fawb tau ua nyob rau hauv ntau yam lus qhia. Niaj hnub no, lub koom haum tshawb fawb ntawm Altai Reserve tau koom tes nrog kev kawm ntawm argala, musk mos lwj, thiab tsov txaij daus.

Kev kawm ib puag ncig tau tsim nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim cov Lavxiaszej zog kev nkag siab txog qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv ntuj thiab ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov kws tshwj xeeb ntawm lub reserve tuav ntau yam txheej xwm tsis tau tsuas yog nrog cov qhua ntawm reserve, tab sis kuj nrog cov pejxeem.

Tigirek Nature Reserve, Altai Territory
Tigirek Nature Reserve, Altai Territory

History of Creation

Lub Tsib Hlis 24, 1958, Pawg Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm RSFSR tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv xaj kom rov kho lub tiaj ua si ntuj, thaj tsam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd yog 914777 hectares.

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1961, Altai Reserve tau rov ua dua. Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1965 txog 1967, cov zej zog kev tshawb fawb ntawm Siberia tau hais txog qhov xav tau los tsim kom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw khaws cia yav dhau los ntawm no.

Lub Peb Hlis 24, 1967, Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Altai Regional Council of Workers' Deputies txiav txim siab los npaj ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv txhawm rau txhawm rau khaws cia qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm Teletskoye taiga thiab Lake Teletskoye.

Altai State Nature Reserve
Altai State Nature Reserve

Yuav pom dab tsi ua ntej?

Koj tuaj yeem mus rau Altai Reserve nkaus xwb los ntawm Teletskoye Lake, yog li koj yuav muaj sijhawm los paub thiab txaus siab rau lub npe hu ua Altyn-Kol.

Lub pas dej no tau txais nws lub npe Lavxias los ntawm Cossacks, uas thawj zaug tshwm sim ntawm no hauv xyoo pua 17th. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub npe txawv txawv yog txuas nrog Altai pawg neeg ntawm Teles, uas nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv.

Tsis tas li, muaj cov kev nthuav dav hauv kev cia, xws li Lake Kholodnoe, waterfalls Korbu, Kishte thiab Unapproachable.

Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis yog txhua tus paub tias dej tsaws tsag Korbu nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Lake Teletskoye. Nws muaj lub lawj saib zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv sawv ntsug, thiab qhov siab yog 12.5 meters. Nov yog ib qho dej tsaws tsag zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cia.

Altai Nature Reserve
Altai Nature Reserve

Korbu Waterfall

Qhov chaw no nyob ntawm tus dej Korbu ntawm tib lub npe, uas ntws mus rau hauv Lake Teletskoye. Tag nrho sab xis ntawm lub pas dej kuj nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Altai Reserve.

Dej tsaws tsag tsim muaj huab cua huab cua uas nyob ib puag ncig nws.

Cov qhua ntawm qhov chaw cia, nyob ntawm qhov dav saib lub lawj ntawm dej tsaws tsag, txaus siab rau qhov pom zoo kawg. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, thaum tus dej khov tag, cov dej tsaws tsag Korbu tsim cov phab ntsa zoo nkauj ntawm cov dej khov.

Tseem muaj ib txoj kev mus rau qhov dej tsaws tsag: koj yuav tsum hla lub pas dej nrog kev pab ntawm lub nkoj. Qhov kev ncig xyuas no nrov heev ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov txaus ntshai rau cov neeg taug kev ua lawv txoj hauv kev mus rau qhov dej tsaws tsag ntawm lub pas dej, vim muaj lub caij nyoog uas sab saum toj lossis hauv qab yuav pib, ua rau kev mus ncig yuav luag ib zaug.

Txij thaum xyoo 1978, dej tsaws tsag Korbu tau nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm ib qho chaw qub.

Altai State Reserve
Altai State Reserve

Kishte Waterfall

Qhov chaw zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj no nyob ntawm tus dej ntawm tib lub npe, uas ntws mus rau hauv Lake Teletskoye ntawm ntug dej sab xis.

Tourists muaj sijhawm los txaus siab rau qhov zoo nkauj ntawm qhov dej tsaws tsag ze ze.

Nco ntsoov musCov dej tsaws tsag tsuas yog ua tau nrog kev pab ntawm lub nkoj loj, txij li lub nkoj txaus siab tsis nkag mus rau nws. Lub suab nrov ntawm cov dej poob tuaj yeem hnov txawm los ntawm lub pas dej, vim li ntawd, qhov tseeb, nws tau hu ua Kishte, uas txhais tau tias "hu" hauv kev txhais lus.

Nws tseem muaj lub npe thib ob - Sable. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov dej tsaws tsag yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Altai Reserve, yog li txhawm rau mus xyuas nws, koj yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv tso cai tshwj xeeb.

Altai State Reserve
Altai State Reserve

Yuav txwv tsis pub ua dab tsi hauv qhov chaw khaws cia?

Txhua yam kev ua uas cuam tshuam rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev cia yog txwv. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yooj yim sua rau nws thaj chaw:

  • nyob, hla thiab hla cov neeg tsis tau tso cai thiab tsheb;
  • txiav ntoo, sau cov resin, ntoo kua txiv, cov nroj tsuag tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv raw, sau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qus, berries, nceb, paj;
  • txiav nyom quav nyab, dev nyuj, muab cov tsiaj txhu ua ke, ua kom muaj suab thiab apiaries;
  • yos hav zoov thiab ntses;
  • tsim cov tsev, txoj kev thiab lwm yam kev sib txuas lus;
  • paug thaj chaw nrog ntau yam pov tseg thiab khib nyiab;
  • ua kom puas tsuaj thiab rhuav tshem cov ntaub ntawv qhia thiab cov chaw khaws cia, nrog rau ua txhua yam uas cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim thiab ua phem rau tej yam ntuj tso complexes thiab khoom.

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