Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Thyssen-Bornemisza yog ib qho kev sau npe nrov thoob ntiaj teb uas yog ib feem ntawm "Golden Daim duab peb sab" ntawm cov tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Spanish peev, Madrid. Nws tsis tshua paub zoo, tab sis muaj ntau dua 1,000 daim. Nws cov khoom sau tau siv sijhawm ntev, los ntawm Italian painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th mus rau kev kawm pop art.
Founder of the collection
Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza tau tsim los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws kos duab, Baron Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza de Cason, uas sau cov duab kos thiab duab puab ntau xyoo.
Nws tau txais nws thawj daim duab sau los ntawm nws txiv, Lub Yim Hli Thyssen, nrog rau kev vam meej roj thiab kev lag luam shipbuilding. Nws muaj ib phau ntawm paintings los ntawm European masters ntawm lub XIV-XIX centuries. Nws cov kwv tij kuj tau txais ib feem ntawm cov qub txeeg qub teg hauv daim duab duab, tab sis Henry tam sim ntawd yuav lawv tawm. Tom qab ntawd nws txuas ntxiv ntxiv rau qhov sau, yuav ntau dua 1,500 daim duab sib txawv hauv nws lub neej.
Thyssen-Bornemisza muaj cua daj cua dub ntawm tus kheej: nws muaj 5 tus poj niam, uas yog:
- Austrian ntxhais huab tais Teresa ntawm Lippe-Weissenfeld, uas nws muaj ib tug tub thiab ces sib nrauj;
- Tus qauv Indian Nine Sheile Gyor, uas tau los ua tus txais txiaj ntsig ntawm thaj av hauv Ceylon, kuj tau txais ib lub cuab yeej cuab tam Fab Kis tom qab kev sib nrauj;
- Tus qauv Askiv (yug hauv New Zealand) Fiona Cambeo-W alter, uas peb muaj 2 tus menyuam;
- tus ntxhais ntawm Brazilian banker Liana Shorto, uas yug nws tus tub;
- Maria Carmen Cervera, leej twg yeej lub npe Miss Spain xyoo 1961.
Tom qab nws txiv tuag, nws tus tub thiab txais txiaj ntsig Hans Heinrich (1921-2002) tau pib ntxiv cov khoom sau, uas tau nthuav dav nws los ntawm kev ntxiv cov haujlwm los ntawm European cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm 13th-20th centuries. Cov duab puab thiab lwm yam kev kos duab tau yuav.
History of the creation of the museum
Tom qab tsiv mus rau Switzerland, tsev neeg Thyssen-Bornemisza tau qhib lub tsev ntiag tug uas tau dhau los ua neeg ntiaj teb nto moo. Cov kos duab sau tau khaws cia rau ntau xyoo hauv lub nroog Lugano (Switzerland), ntawm Villa Favorito, txawm li cas los xij, maj mam loj hlob, nws tsis ua kom haum rau qhov ntawd. Ntxiv nrog rau cov duab kos, Hans pib yuav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab ceramics, rooj tog qub txeeg qub tes, tapestries thiab lwm yam khoom zoo nkauj.
Yuav tau mus rau qhov chaw, cov neeg ncig tebchaws yuav tsum hla lub pas dej los ntawm nkoj. Nyob rau xyoo 1980, tus baron tshaj tawm nrhiav ib lub tsev tsim nyog rau lub tsev sau, tab sis cov tub ceev xwm hauv zos tsis kam pab nws. Ces tsoom fwvSpain tau thov kom tuav tag nrho cov khoom pov thawj hauv tsev fuabtais Villahermos (los ntawm Italian li "villa zoo nkauj"), uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej Prado nto moo hauv Madrid.
Tau ntau xyoo, lub tsev fuabtais tau tuav cov rooj sib tham suab paj nruag thiab cov khw, qhov chaw uas cov kws ntaus nkauj nto moo ua: F. Liszt thiab lwm tus. Tus poj niam Spanish ntawm Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza, tus qauv zam thiab Miss Catalonia xyoo 1961, tau pab txhawb rau qhov no. kev txiav txim. Daim ntawv cog lus xauj tsev mus sij hawm ntev tau kos npe rau $ 50 lab, nyob rau hauv uas 665 paintings tau muab tso rau hauv Villahermos tsev fuabtais (Palacio de Villahermosa) thiab tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Madrid, thiab 72 tau pauv mus rau Pedralbes monastery (Barcelona). Kev qhib lub tsev cia puav pheej tau tuaj koom nrog tsev neeg ntawm huab tais Spanish.
Hauv xyoo 1993, feem ntau ntawm kev sau ntawm Thyssen-Bornemisza Tsev khaws puav pheej tau yuav los ntawm tsoomfwv Spanish rau $ 350 lab (nws ntseeg tias nws tus nqi tam sim no kwv yees li $ 700 lab).
Tom qab nws tus txiv tuag, Baroness Thyssen-Bornemisza txuas ntxiv ntxiv cov khoom sau. 200 qhov khoom pov thawj uas yuav los ntawm nws tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub tsev ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej.
New thaj chaw
Nyob rau xyoo 2004, tom qab kev nthuav dav ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom khaws cia, nws tsim nyog los tsim lub tsev tshiab. Ntxiv nrog rau 3-storey tsev fuabtais, ib qho tshiab tau tsim nyob ze, ua rau niaj hnub style. Nws nyob ntawm no uas tsis tu ncua exhibitions, scientific thiab kev kawm seminars, kab lis kev cai txheej xwm muaj.
Ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Ua Yeeb Yam thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Tsev khaws puav pheejtsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm lub tsev cia puav pheej thoob ntiaj teb. Yog li, kev sib koom tes muaj txiaj ntsig kev koom tes ntawm Madrid thiab Moscow tau tsim muaj ntau xyoo, tso cai rau cov koom haum kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ob lub nroog sib pauv ua haujlwm ib ntus ntawm kev kos duab rau kev nthuav qhia thiab nthuav tawm.
Collections and exhibits
Txhua xyoo ntau tshaj 1 lab tus kws kos duab tuaj xyuas lub tsev cia puav pheej. Ua ke nrog Prado thiab Reina Sofia Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kev Ua Yeeb Yam, nws yog ib qho ntawm "Golden Daim duab peb sab", peb qhov chaw ua yeeb yam nrov tshaj plaws hauv Madrid (Spain).
Muaj ntau dua 500 daim duab hauv Thyssen-Bornemisza Tsev khaws puav pheej. Lawv tau teem caij los ntawm cov chav nyob hauv lub sijhawm raws sijhawm.
Ib lub cim ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib daim duab zoo nkauj ntawm G. Tornabuoni, tus tswv Italian D. Ghirlandaio, uas suav tias yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm Florentine Quadrocento style. Qhov no kuj suav nrog cov kev paub zoo uas tau lees paub tias yog cov khoom zoo ntawm cov khoom sau: "Ib tug txiv neej nrog Clarinet" (1911) los ntawm P. Picasso, "A Painting with 3 Spots" (1914) los ntawm V. Kandinsky, "St. Carolina" Caravaggio.
Cov chav tso saib ua haujlwm los ntawm Flemish cov kws ua yeeb yam, cov neeg nyiam nyiam thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam avant-garde. Cov duab kim tshaj plaws hauv kev sau yog P. Gauguin's "Old Times" (1892), kwv yees li ntawm 150 lab euros. Tseem muaj cov duab los ntawm S. Dali "Ib tug npau suav tshwm sim los ntawm kev ya ntawm ib tug muv …" (1944) thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom sau ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Madrid suav nrog ntau yam haujlwm ntawm European painting los ntawm ntau lub sijhawm, los ntawm Renaissance mus rau niaj hnub masters. Cov canvases tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv ntau yam: impressionism, realism, expressionism, yam ntxwv, baroque, primitivism thiab gothic. Taug kev nyob ib ncig ntawm cov khoom sau, koj tuaj yeem taug qab tag nrho cov keeb kwm nplua nuj ntawm ntau daim duab kos duab ib kauj ruam.
Tshwj xeeb cov duab ntawm kev ntseeg, duab thiab toj roob hauv pes, mystical thiab tiag tiag scenes ntawm ntiaj teb nto moo kws ua yeeb yam: El Greco, Van Gogh, Renoir, Monet, Degas, Modigliani, Picasso, Renoir, Salvador Dali thiab ntau lwm tus. Hauv 4 chav kuj tseem muaj cov duab kos duab Asmeskas ntawm xyoo pua 19th.
Collection management
Nyob rau xyoo 1960, Hans Heinrich, nthuav dav kev nkag mus rau kev kos duab rau txhua tus neeg saib, tsis tu ncua kev mus ncig ua yeeb yam: cov khoom sau tau nthuav tawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog tsev cia puav pheej hauv Australia, Nyiv thiab Soviet Union.
Raws li tau pom zoo los ntawm Moscow thiab Madrid hauv xyoo 2006, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau ua tiav qhov kev nthuav qhia "Lavxias teb sab avant-garde", qhov twg txhua tus tuaj yeem paub txog lub hauv paus ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv tebchaws Russia hauv thawj peb lub xyoo pua 20th. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Chagall, Kandinsky thiab Filonov tau nthuav tawm ntawm no.
Tau ntau xyoo tom qab nws tus txiv tuag, cov khoom sau tau tswj hwm los ntawm nws tus poj ntsuam, Maria del Carmen Rosario Cervera. Ze li ntawm 700 qhov khoom pov thawj los ntawm Thyssen-Bornemisza sau, nrog kev tso cai ntawm tus poj ntsuam, tau pauv mus ntxiv cov nyiaj ntawm National Museum of Art hauv Barcelona, nws hometown. Tam sim no cov duab kos tau nthuav tawm ntawm Chateau de Villon thiab yuav nyob ntawd raws li kev cog lus kom txog thaum 2025
Dhau li muab lub sijhawm los qhuas cov haujlwm ntawm kev sau kos duab,Tus qub Miss Spain qee zaum muag cov duab kos rau lwm cov khoom ntiag tug (hauv New York, thiab lwm yam) txhawm rau txhim kho nws cov nyiaj txiag. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov lus pom zoo nrog Spain, Maria del Carmen tsuas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov duab hauv 10% ntawm tus nqi ntawm tag nrho cov khoom sau, kwv yees los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm 800 lab euros.
21st century at the museum
Nyob rau xyoo txhiab xyoo tshiab, Thyssen-Bornemisza Tsev khaws puav pheej tab tom nrhiav txoj cai los koom nrog txhua tus neeg nrog kev ua tiav tshiab. Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov nplooj ntawv hauv kev tes hauj lwm, thiab lwm yam tau tsim. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej lub vev xaib tau tsim, uas tau hloov kho tas li, qhia cov neeg nyiam kos duab txog kev nthuav qhia thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sau.
Txhua qhov kev hloov kho tshiab no yog tsim los kom txaus siab rau txhua tus hauv kev sau cov duab kos duab, kom txaus siab rau cov neeg paub tsis meej uas tsis tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej nws tus kheej. Rau qhov no, muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas virtual ntawm qee chav thiab cov duab kos duab.
Tour, chaw nyob, daim pib nqi
Chaw Nyob ntawm Thyssen-Bornemisza Tsev khaws puav pheej: Madrid, Paseo del Prado, 8 (lub nroog centre). Sijhawm qhib: txij 10.00 txog 19.00, txhua hnub txij hnub Tuesday txog hnub Sunday.
Daim pib nqi: 8-12 euros. Hnub Monday, lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhib thaum 12.00 txog 16.00, kev nkag yog pub dawb.
Tsis tu ncua, lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj ntau yam kev nthuav qhia (them cais ntawm tus nqi ntawm 6 txog 17 euros), uas qhib txhua hnub txog 19.00, thiab hnub Saturday - txog 21.00.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos raug tso cai pub dawb, txo nqi rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv, cov neeg tsis taus, thiab lwm yam.
Thyssen-Bornemisza Tsev khaws puav pheej: cov neeg tuaj saib xyuas
Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws txog kev mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog qhov txaus siab tshaj plaws. Lawv ua tim khawv tias qhov nthuav qhia tseem ceeb thiab ntau yam kev nthuav qhia tau mus rau saj ntawm ntau tus neeg paub txog kev kos duab. Ntawm qhov nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej, ntau tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem thaij duab hauv lub tiaj ua si me me zoo nkauj, qhov chaw cog ntoo xibtes thiab tsob ntoo zoo nkauj cog.
Muaj ib lub khw muag khoom plig rau ntawm thaj chaw uas koj tuaj yeem yuav khoom plig nco tau (tus cwj mem, phau ntawv sau, kos duab catalogs, ntawv tshaj tawm, thiab lwm yam). Nyob ze yog lub tsev noj mov uas muaj terrace sab nraum zoov, uas muaj qhov pom kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub nroog.
