Petrovsky cog yog ib qho ntawm cov kev lag luam qub tshaj plaws hauv Siberia, uas tau yug los rau lub nroog ntawm tib lub npe (tam sim no Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky). Nws yog lub npe hu nyob rau hauv keeb kwm raws li ib qho chaw ntawm exile rau lub Decembrists. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws raug kev txom nyem txoj hmoo ntawm ntau lub lag luam nto moo - hauv 2002 cov nroj tsuag tau tshaj tawm tias poob nyiaj.
Yug
Nyob rau hauv Catherine lub Great, Russia tau sai sai tau txais thaj chaw tshiab. Ntau txhiab tus tub lag luam, Cossacks, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg taug kev tau tshawb nrhiav qhov dav dav ntawm Siberia thiab Far East. Kev txiav txim siab tshwm sim, fortresses thiab trading posts tau tsim. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab hlau tau xav tau rau kev npaj. Hav zoov thiab pob zeb muaj nplua mias, tab sis cov khoom hlau yooj yim tshaj plaws yuav tsum xa ntau txhiab mais deb.
Merchant Butygin tig mus rau Catherine II nrog kev thov los tsim cov hlau ua hlau hauv Trans-Baikal Territory. Petrovsky cog (raws li Empress hu ua nws) pib tsim nyob rau hauv 1788 los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm exiles thiab recruits. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm tib lub npe tau tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig lub lag luam, uas loj hlob dhau sijhawmmus rau qhov loj ntawm ib lub nroog.
pib taug kev
1790-29-11, tom qab ob xyoos ntawm kev tsim kho, Petrovsky cog tau tsim thawj cov khoom. Cov ore tau mined nyob ze, ze ntawm tus dej Balyaga. Thaum pib, tsuas yog ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm xwb, nws lub peev xwm txaus los npog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg nyob ze ntawm thaj chaw. Production muaj:
- Iron-smelting, converting sections.
- Forges.
- Anchor, carving, molding factory.
- Daim.
- tsev kho mob, barracks, khw thiab lwm qhov chaw.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj 1,300 tus neeg, ntau tus neeg raug ntiab tawm. Ntau tshaj 200 Cossacks thiab tub rog tau khaws cia rau lawv kev tiv thaiv.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog cam khwb cia hlau, hlau thiab khoom los ntawm lawv. Xyoo 1822, cov nroj tsuag tau nthuav dav, cov khoom sib txawv tau nce vim yog daim ntawv, sawb thiab dav sawb hlau. Thaum lub sijhawm no, thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws ferrous metallurgy, tsim los ntawm Litvinov thiab Borzov (raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm Polzunov), tau tsim los ntawm kev lag luam..
Decembrists
Tom qab kev tawm tsam tsis tau tiav, ntau dua 70 Decembrists raug ntiab tawm mus rau Petrovsky Cog, ntawm lawv cov neeg nto moo xws li M. K. Kuchelbecker, N. M. Muravyov, N. A. Bestuzhev, K. P. Thorson, N. P. Repin thiab lwm tus. Cov poj niam ntawm ib co tub ceev xwm kuj tsiv ntawm no.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub ceev xwm tsis tau tso cai "cov teeb meem" rau lub Hoobkas, ntshai tsam lawv cuam tshuam rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov Decembrists feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv tsev, khawb av bypass kwj dej, kho txoj kev, hmoov av nrog tes.zeb zeb. Ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov tub ceev xwm, lawv tau teeb tsa "kev kawm" nyob rau hauv uas lawv tau qhia cov pej xeem hauv zos kev paub ntawv thiab kev sib raug zoo. Tom qab 9 xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav (1830-39), lawv feem ntau raug tso tawm mus rau qhov chaw nyob dawb.
thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th
Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, Petrovsky cog tsis tsuas yog smelted hlau, tab sis kuj tsim cov khoom lag luam thiab cov rooj sib txoos. Chav cav ua nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub nkoj nthwv dej hauv nkoj raws Shilka, Argun thiab Amur Rivers.
Los ntawm 1870, lub qhov cub vuam, dov mills, lub paj tawg paj thiab paj tawg tau tshwm sim hauv kev tsim khoom. Muaj cov neeg kho tshuab, qhov chaw tsim khoom, thiab cov khw muag khoom tawg. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm serfdom, ntiav cov neeg ua haujlwm tau pib siv, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv.
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, nws tau txiav txim siab tso txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Trans-Siberian hla thaj chaw no. Xyoo 1897, kev tsim kho ntawm Petrovsky Zavod chaw nres tsheb pib, thiab thaum Lub Ib Hlis 6, 1900, thawj lub tsheb ciav hlau tuaj txog ntawm no.
Hmoov tsis zoo rau cov pej xeem hauv zos, nrog kev tsim kho ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, cov hlau pheej yig dua rau hauv thaj av los ntawm Urals. Hlau smelting ua unprofitable. Kev lag luam teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev swb hauv Russo-Japanese Tsov Rog thaum kawg ua tiav ntawm kev lag luam. Xyoo 1905, kev ua haujlwm yuav luag raug tso tseg, tsuas yog cov khoom me me tau ua haujlwm: kev kos duab kos duab, tsim cov khoom siv tshuab thiab cov khoom siv hlau. Nyob rau hauv 1908, tub lag luam Rif thiab Polutov yuav cov nroj tsuag, reconstructed nws thiab pib ntau lawm. Cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb yog tub rogdepartment.
Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig tsawg, lub tuam txhab txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm. Lub tsev molding thiab ib lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab tau tsim. Txij li xyoo 1937, "Chuglit" (raws li cov nroj tsuag pib hu ua) tau xa tawm cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb rau Nyiv thiab Tuam Tshoj.
Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau pab txhawb kev tsim khoom. Nyob rau hauv qhov tob rau hauv lub rear, cov nroj tsuag yog ib tug yooj yim lub hauv paus rau nce hlau smelting thiab tsim khoom scarce. Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo, kev tsim khoom tau ntau dua ob npaug: los ntawm 27,600 tons ntawm cov hlau hauv xyoo 1940 txog 66,200 tons hauv xyoo 1945.
Nyob rau xyoo tom qab ua tsov ua rog, kev tsim khoom tau nthuav dav tas li. Cov smelting steel, npua hlau, thiab cov khoom siv dov tau nce. Tag nrho cov ntim ntawm kev tsim tawm xyoo 1960 yog 10 npaug siab dua li xyoo 1940.
Txaus
Los ntawm xyoo 1970, cov khoom siv hauv zos ntawm cov khoom siv raw tau ploj mus. Ore thiab roj yuav tsum tau tuaj ntawm qhov deb, uas ua rau muaj kev nce nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm lawv muab tso rau qhov no nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab kev ua hauj lwm rau cov pej xeem ntawm Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky, ces tom qab Russia tau txais kev ywj pheej, economic expediency los ua ntej.
Yog hnub no koj saib daim duab ntawm Petrovsky cog los ntawm qhov deb, zoo li lub metallurgical loj yog hais txog nws lub xub pwg nyom, cov pa luam yeeb. Nws lub cev zoo li raug coj mus rau saum ntuj. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias qhov kawg cua sov tau ua nyob rau hauv 2001. Ib xyoos tom qab, lub tuam txhab tau tshaj tawm tias kev lag luam poob lawm, kev tsim khoom raug tso tseg. Tej zaum mus ib txhis. Yog li xaus 211-xyoo keeb kwm ntawm ib tug thawj-yug Lavxias teb sabmetallurgy.
