Cov txheej txheem:
2024 Tus sau: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 10:14
Kapustin Yar (cheeb tsam Astrakhan) yog Lavxias teb sab nruab nrab ntawm cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua. Nws yog ib qhov chaw qub tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Cov keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev tiv thaiv foob pob hluav taws tau pib meej ntawm thaj chaw Kapustin Yar. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaj chaw no tseem yog qhov chaw tshawb fawb, chaw sim thiab chaw nres nkoj.
History of the landfill
Lub chaw kuaj Kapustin Yar (cheeb tsam Astrakhan) tau pib tsim tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, thaum cov kws tshawb fawb Soviet tau nkag mus rau German thev naus laus zis. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias USSR tau txais tsuas yog cov seem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev, qhov no yog txaus los pib reproducing V-1 thiab 2 foob pob ua ntxaij.
Lub Tsib Hlis 1946, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm USSR tau txiav txim siab los tsim qhov chaw sim tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, lub koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub zos Kapustin Yar tau raug xaiv rau lub hom phiaj no. Thawj lub taub hau ntawm qhov chaw xeem yog V. I. Vozniuk, lieutenant general ntawm artillery. Nws khiav lub chaw rau 27 xyoo. Qhov chaw pov tseg tau muaj npe tom qab lub zosKapustin Yar.
Object secrecy
Thaum cov tub rog tsaws ntawm nws cov ntug hiav txwv nrog thawj cov khoom thauj, tsis muaj leej twg xav txog kev tsim ntawm Soviet cosmodrome. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub xaib tau raug cais tawm, thiab txawm tias cov tub ceev xwm hauv cheeb tsam tau txais kev txiav txim los ntawm cov thawj coj tsuas yog muab txhua yam kev pab cuam rau cov tub rog tuaj txog hauv lawv txoj kev npaj.
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom tau pom meej thaum thaj tsam ntawm lub zos tau hloov pauv thiab 200 tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau lwm qhov chaw. Cov neeg tau txais kev them nyiaj zoo rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Kev hloov pauv tau xaus rau xyoo 1949. Ntau tus neeg nyob hauv seem tau txais haujlwm hauv pab pawg suav, KECh thiab cov kev pabcuam. Qee tus tau ua haujlwm ntev.
polygon expansion
Thaum pib, qhov chaw sim Kapustin Yar (Astrakhan cheeb tsam) tsuas muaj qhov chaw ua vaj tse xwb. Ua xyoo 1947:
- bunker;
- launchpad;
- chaw nres tsheb tech ib ntus;
- bridge;
- chaw txiav;
- foob pob hluav taws roj.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, txoj kev loj thiab txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tau tshwm sim, txuas cov khoom nrog Stalingrad (tam sim no Volgograd). Lub neej ntawm qhov ntau yog nyuaj heev. Cov neeg nyob hauv dugouts thiab cov tsev pheeb suab uas sawv hauv qhov liab qab steppe. Kev tswj ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg huddled nyob rau hauv lub carriage ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau tshwj xeeb. Thawj cov tsev nyob ib txwm pib tsim tsuas yog xyoo 1948
Kev sim thawj zaug
Lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1947, thawj qhov kev sim tau ua tiav ntawm Kapustin Yar kev cob qhia hauv av (Astrakhan cheeb tsam). Thawj lub foob pob hluav taws ntawm USSR tau pib. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua tiav, qhov projectile ntaus rau txoj cai square. Lub foob pob hluav taws thiab qhov chaw Soviet era tau qhib rau 1948-10-10. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, ib tug tshiab riam phom tshwm sim rau lub USSR Armed Forces. Tau 10 xyoo, lub zos Kapustin Yar (Astrakhan cheeb tsam) yog tib qho chaw rau kev sim cov cuaj luaj ballistic.
Tib lub sijhawm, qhov chaw pov tseg tau pib siv los tsim cov phiaj xwm geophysical thiab huab cua. Xyoo 1951, thawj lub foob pob hluav taws tau pib los ntawm cosmodrome nrog cov dev ntawm lub nkoj. Txij li xyoo 1956, kev sim ntawm nuclear missile riam phom pib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov chaw pov tseg tau tsim ntau thiab ntau dua. Kev tsim kho tshiab thiab tsim tawm complexes, ntim ntawm kev tshawb fawb ua hauj lwm nce, thiab lwm yam.
Spaceport
Thaum ntxov 60s. cov khoom Kapustin Yar (Astrakhan cheeb tsam) tau npaj rau qhov pib ntawm qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav. Lub polygon tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cosmodrome nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 1962. Tom qab ntawd thawj Soviet satellite tau tso rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub orbit. Nyob rau hauv 1969, lub cosmodrome tau txais thoob ntiaj teb xwm txheej. Indian satellites raug xa mus rau hauv qhov chaw los ntawm qhov chaw sim. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov kev xa tawm pib txo kom txog thaum lawv nres tag nrho.
Xyoo 1987, txhua qhov kev xeem tau raug tso tseg ntawm qhov chaw sim, thiab lub teb chaws txoj kev coj noj coj ua tau ua rau muaj 10 xyoo. Nws qhov kev txhawb siab pib tsuas yog xyoo 1998. Kev sim, tua foob pob hluav taws thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb tau pib dua. Nyob rau hauv 2007, ib tug cruise missile tau sim, thiab nyob rau hauv 2011, lub Iskander-M OTRK.
Nyob rau hauv 2015, Ministry of Defense ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation tshaj tawm lub imminentxeem ntawm qhov chaw sim ntawm robotic systems. Kev npaj ua haujlwm thiab kev kho tshiab ntawm kev sib kis tau pib. Nws yog npaj los sim kev sib ntaus sib tua neeg hlau tshuab, uas yuav tsum tau lub luag hauj lwm rau beacons, signaling chaw, thiab lwm yam.
Txuag
Pom zoo:
Chui cheeb tsam: cheeb tsam, nroog, keeb kwm, pom
Thaum koj txiav txim siab mus ncig rau cov tebchaws hauv Central Asia, nco ntsoov suav nrog Kyrgyzstan hauv koj qhov kev taug kev. Lub teb chaws no tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uas nyiam tshaj plaws, uas tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias qhov xwm txheej, kev nyab xeeb, kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm muaj peev xwm raug lees paub tias nws txawv thiab tshwj xeeb hauv ntiaj teb
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Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm thaj av Astrakhan, qhov chaw sab xis ntawm lub Lower Volga nyob, lub zos zoo nkauj ntawm Cherny Yar nyob. Hnub kawg ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub zos yog 1627. Xyoo ntawd, Dub Ostrog fortress tau muab tso rau hauv cov av, thiab nyob rau hauv 1634 nws raug yuam kom tsiv mus nyob vim yog lub tsev txhab nyiaj puas. Kev hloov ntawm lub fortress kuj cuam tshuam lub renaming ntawm lub tsev khaws cia rau Chernoyarskaya
