Vitebsk, Assumption Cathedral: duab thiab keeb kwm

Cov txheej txheem:

Vitebsk, Assumption Cathedral: duab thiab keeb kwm
Vitebsk, Assumption Cathedral: duab thiab keeb kwm
Anonim

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Dawb Huv Assumption hauv Vitebsk yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm Belarus. Lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm Western Dvina ntawm Assumption Roob. Cathedral tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm nws.

Assumption Cathedral Vitebsk
Assumption Cathedral Vitebsk

History

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Assumption (Vitebsk) muaj npe nrov hauv Belarus thiab txawv teb chaws. Keeb kwm ntawm qhov chaw no hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua kaum tsib. Lub roob nws tus kheej, uas yav tas los hu ua Lysa, tau siv rau kev tsim vaj tse kev ntseeg - thaj chaw rau ntau pua xyoo.

Vitebsk Assumption Cathedral
Vitebsk Assumption Cathedral

Thawj zaug hais txog ib lub tsev teev ntuj ntoo uas tsim tsa rau saum lub roob rov qab los rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum tsib. Ces nws thiaj hu ua lub Koom Txoos ntawm Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th nws raug xa mus rau lub Uniates. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, Uniate archbishop raug tua, thiab lub tuam tsev raug rhuav tshem los ntawm cov neeg hauv nroog. Lub tsev teev ntuj raug rhuav tshem los ntawm lub tsev hais plaub txiav txim siab, thiab me ntsis tom qab ntawd cov neeg nyob hauv Vitebsk rov qab los ntawm lawv tus kheej cov nqi.

Raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, lub tsev teev ntuj tau hlawv ib ncig ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo, thiab tom qab qee lub sij hawm ib lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw. Tab sislub tsev sai sai poob nws thawj tsos. Tom qab ntawd ib tug neeg nyob hauv Vitebsk, txiav txim rau Adas Kisel, ua lub tuam tsev ntawm nws tus kheej cov nuj nqis thiab nrhiav tau ib lub tsev teev ntuj Basilian hauv nws. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum yim lub nroog raug hlawv nrog rau lub tuam tsev. Adas Kisel rov kho txhua lub tsev dua.

Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no tsis yog qhov hluav taws kub nkaus xwb hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Tsis ntev nws hlawv dua. Qhov chaw nyob twj ywm deserted tau nees nkaum xyoo.

thawj pob zeb tuam tsev

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Dawb Huv Assumption hauv Vitebsk tsis tau maj mam rov qab los. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1743 nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim ib lub tsev teev ntuj pob zeb. Qhov project yog tsim los ntawm Grodno kws kes duab vajtse Iosif Fontani. Lub tuam tsev yuav tsum dhau los ua lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog architecture, txij li nws tau ntseeg tias tus kws sau kev txhim kho tau coj ib lub tuam tsev ntawm Rome los ua lub hauv paus thiab xyaum ua nws. Tab sis kev tsim kho tau nres yuav luag tam sim ntawd, thiab tsuas yog tom qab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm Vitebsk nrog Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tau ua thawj zaug hloov pauv. Ua hauv 1777, lub tsev teev ntuj tsuas yog fij tseg kaum xyoo tom qab.

Lub tuam tsev tau muab lub npe hu ua Assumption Cathedral tom qab kev txiav txim ntawm Paul I kom hloov lub tsev teev ntuj mus rau Orthodox department. Tab sis cov teeb meem ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tsis tau xaus. Thaum lub sij hawm Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812, ib tug Fabkis infirmary tau nruab rau hauv lub tuam tsev, tag nrho cov khoom muaj nqis raug puas tsuaj. Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, nws tau rov qab los thiab dhau los ua qhov chaw zoo nkauj ntawm lub nroog.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, Soviet hwj chim tuaj rau Vitebsk. Lub Assumption Cathedral raug kaw, thiab ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, thaum sawv ntxov lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws tau tawg.

Vitebsk Assumption Cathedral
Vitebsk Assumption Cathedral

Kev cob qhia ntawm cov nroj tsuag raucov cuab yeej siv tshuab, tab sis tsis ntev nws tau tso tseg thiab rhuav tshem.

Restoration of the Holy Assumption Cathedral

Nyob rau thaum ntxov nineties ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, Belarusian architects tau tsim ib lub tswv yim rau kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Xyoo 1998, Patriarch ntawm Moscow thiab Tag Nrho Russia Alexy II tau tso ib lub tshuaj ntsiav rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj raug puas tsuaj thiab fij thawj lub pob zeb.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau tswj xyuas qhov chaw nyob ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev. Tsis tas li ntawm qhov chaw no tau pom tib neeg seem, uas feem ntau yuav yog cov neeg raug tsim txom ntawm NKVD lossis German Gestapo. Cov seem yog faus nyob ib sab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Ib daim kab xev nco txog thiab tus ntoo khaub lig raug ntsia rau ntawm nws phab ntsa.

Kev txhim kho lub tuam tsev pib thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2000. Peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, thawj liturgy tau tuav nyob rau hauv qis qis ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, uas tau ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv 2005, lub tier no tau ua tiav, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, thawj pem teb tau npaj txhij. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2007, cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev thib ob thiab lub tswb nrov tau tsim tsa.

Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2008, kaum lub tswb raug fij tseg thiab ntsia rau ntawm ib lub yees, qhov loj tshaj uas hnyav txog li ob tons. Domes thiab ntoo khaub lig tau nruab sai sai.

Assumption Cathedral Vitebsk keeb kwm
Assumption Cathedral Vitebsk keeb kwm

Tom qab ntawd, txoj haujlwm pib hauv lub tuam tsev, teeb pom kev zoo zoo nkauj tshwm. Kaum ib lub tswb raug ntsia rau ntawm lwm tus pej thuam. Ntawm lawv yog lub tswb hnyav tshaj plaws hauv Belarus, nws hnyav tshaj tsib tons. Kev pab zoo heev hauv kev kho lub tuam tsev yog muab los ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, lub tsev teev ntuj tau mus xyuas los ntawm Patriarch ntawm Moscow thiab Tag nrho cov Russia Kirill.

Hauv xyoo 2011, tag nrho ntawm Vitebsk ua kev zoo siab. Assumption Cathedral tau reconstructed kiag li. Solemnqhov qhib tau tshwm sim rau hnub ua ntej ntawm hnub so zoo - Annunciation.

Cov neeg nyob thiab cov neeg ncig teb chaws yeej ib txwm zoo siab tuaj rau hauv lub tuam tsev, vim tsuas yog ntawm no koj tuaj yeem hnov ntau dua 20 lub tswb. Vitebsk txaus siab rau nws txoj kev tsim kho. Lub Cathedral ntawm Assumption tau fij rau lub Cuaj Hlis 30, 2011 los ntawm Metropolitan Filaret ntawm Minsk thiab Slutsk, nrog rau tag nrho cov npis sov ntawm Belarusian Orthodox Church.

lus dab neeg

Muaj ntau zaj dab neeg hais txog lub tuam tsev. Ib tug hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib tug underground qhov chaw uas coj mus rau lub Western Dvina.

Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nyob rau xyoo pua kaum yim, thaum lub tuam tsev tsim kho, cov txheej txheem tau tsim los txhawm rau hloov cov dej hauv av los ntawm cov cellars mus rau hauv tus dej. Cov khoov tau siab heev uas ib tug neeg tuaj yeem taug kev hla lawv mus rau qhov siab tag nrho. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov kwj deg tsis tau tshem tawm lawm, yog li muaj cov dej ntau hauv qab daus.

Txoj kev ntawm architecture ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj

Lub tuam tsev yog thawj zaug ua hauv Baroque style. Vim lub ntim ntawm naves (cov chav elongated, bounded ntawm ob sab los ntawm txhua kab los yog ncej los ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze), tsim peb-seem qauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub silhouette ntawm lub tsev tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog peb lub teeb: ib qho muab tso rau saum lub dome, lwm qhov - saum cov yees.

Dawb Huv Dormition Cathedral nyob rau hauv Vitebsk
Dawb Huv Dormition Cathedral nyob rau hauv Vitebsk

Rau qhov tsim ntawm façade, arches, niches, cornice siv tau siv. Kev sib sau ua tiav tiav nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Lub gallery nyob rau ntawm theem ob. Sab nrauv naves tau muab faib ua chapels. Tag nrho qhov siab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nce mus txog ntau tshaj tsib caug meters.

Masterpiecearchitecture

Vitebsk surprises tourists nrog nws cov architecture. Assumption Cathedral yog ib lub tsev tshwj xeeb hauv Belarusian. Qhov no yog tib lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Vitebsk, lub qis theem ntawm uas yog nyob rau hauv av. Tau dim ntau yam kev nyuaj siab, txawm li cas los xij, lub tuam tsev tau rov kho dua thiab zoo nkauj dua. Cov neeg nyob hauv Vitebsk txaus siab rau qhov chaw zoo no.

Ib tug ntawm Soviet demolitionists ntawm lub tuam tsev, Pyotr Grigorenko, hais tias, pom qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no, ntau tus tau txhos caug.

Modern Vitebsk tab tom hloov pauv. Lub Assumption Cathedral hloov nrog nws. Nws attracts tsis tau tsuas yog nrog nws sab nraud solemnity, tab sis kuj nrog nws sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj, uas tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb cua sov nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev, foom koob hmoov rau kev ua zoo.

Ntau tus neeg keeb kwm hauv zos piv rau Belarusian lub tsev teev ntuj nrog cov tuam tsev Lavxias thiab txaus siab rau nws txoj kev zoo nkauj heev. Ib txhia hu nws ua ib tug masterpiece ntawm architecture.

Pom zoo: